A new approach to the decomposition of Boolean functions by the method of <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-partitions. III. Joint decomposition of a function system

The paper considers the set-theoretical approach to the joint decomposition of systems of Boolean functions of variables specified in different representation forms. The approach is based on the method of q-partitions of conjuncterms and concept of decomposition clones. Theorems on joint decomposition of a system of full and partial functions are formulated. The approach is illustrated by examples. Parts I and II of this article are published in No. 5 (2001) and No. 1 (2002). __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 39–58, March–April 2007.     

无性系速生杉木的化学组成及其高聚糖在蒸煮过程中溶出特性的研究

本文比较分析了五个无性系速生杉木变种之间以及变种与原种之间的化学组成，并且对生长速度最快的杉木变种的高聚糖在蒸煮过程中的溶出特性也进行了探讨。研究结果表明：杉木各变种之间的化学组成没有引起很大的变异，但与杉木原种相比是有差异的。组成杉木变种的高聚糖中各种单糖在ＫＰ和ＫＰ－ＡＱ法蒸煮过程中的溶出百分率有如下顺序：葡萄糖＜甘露糖＜木糖＜阿拉伯糖＜半乳糖＜糖醛酸。碳水化合物的总损失ＫＰ法为３８．４９％，而ＫＰ－ＡＱ法为３４．８５％。在１７０℃以前，失去的碳水化合物主要来自半纤维素；而在１７０℃以后，则主要来自纤维素。由此看来，缩短保温时间有利纸浆的质量。成浆高聚糖的ＤＰ，ＫＰ法为８８９，ＫＰ－ＡＱ法为９２４，因此ＫＰ－ＡＱ法比ＫＰ法更适合于速生杉木制浆。     

三倍体毛白杨低硬度NaOH-AQ浆的氧脱木素研究

对三倍体毛白杨低硬度NaOH-AQ浆氧脱木素进行了研究,通过实验分析了各影响因素(用碱量、温度、时间、氧压及助剂用量)对三倍体毛白杨低硬度NaOH-AQ浆氧脱木素后的卡伯值、黏度、白度以及木素的脱除情况等的影响,确定了该浆种氧脱木素较适宜的工艺条件.     

三倍体毛白杨KP法蒸煮中木素结构的变化

以三倍体毛白杨为研究对象,进行了常规硫酸盐法蒸煮。采用酶-弱酸解两段法分别从原料和KP纸浆中分离出原料木素和纸浆残余木素。采用酸析法从KP蒸煮黑液中分离出溶出木素样品,经过弱酸水解得到纯木素试样。通过凝胶渗透色谱分析(GPC),对所有试样分别进行了分子质量的检测,得出各种木素样品的分子质量及其分布,分析了木素溶出过程中的分子质量的变化。通过磷谱核磁共振31P-NMR技术得出木素结构谱图,对原料木素、纸浆残余木素和黑液溶出木素结构中各官能团进行了定量分析对比,研究了木素结构在KP蒸煮过程中的变化规律。     

螯合处理对三倍体毛白杨纸浆过氧化氢漂白效果的影响

氧脱木素后的常规和EMCC纸浆经过乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)螯合处理后，进行过氧化氢漂白。对螯合过程不同EDTA用量和初始pH值对后续过氧化氢漂白效果影响的研究，得出EDTA螯合处理三倍体毛白杨常规和EMCC纸浆的最佳条件为：浆浓10％，EDTA用量0．3％，初始pH值3，温度70℃，时间60min。     

Levels of essential and non-essential metals in leaves of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) and soil of Wushwush farms,Ethiopia

Five tea clones of the Camellia assamica variety grown in Wushwush tea plantation farms, Ethiopia, were analyzed for their contents of essential, non-essential and toxic metals (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Na, Cd and Pb) by atomic absorption flame emission spectroscopy. Both the tea leaves and the soils of the study farms showed similar accumulation patterns in their contents of the studied macronutrients. Among the macronutrient metals, K was the most abundant element in the tea leaves (17.7–24.8 mg/g) and the soils (7.14–9.73 mg/g). Mn was the predominant micronutrient heavy metal in the tea leaf tissues ranging between 501 and 1281 mg/kg. Level of Fe (29.6–100 mg/kg) in the leaf tissue was found to be the second most abundant micronutrient next to Mn whereas concentrations of Cu and Co were relatively lower both in the soil and tea samples. The toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd in the leaf tissues were present at levels too low to be detected by the analytical technique used in this study. The soils were found to be acidic (pH 5.04–5.49) with high organic matter (5.48–6.02%). Fe was the most abundant metal followed by Mn, Na and Zn in the soils. Unlike the tea leaves, the soils were found to contain traces of the toxic metal, Cd (0.02–1.10 mg/kg). The levels of most of the metals determined in this study compared well with those reported for tea leaves from some other parts of the world.     

A new approach to the decomposition of boolean functions. 4. non-disjoint decomposition: the method of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-partitions

A set-theoretical approach to the non-disjoint decomposition of different forms of representation of Boolean functions of n variables is considered. This approach is based on the method of p,q-partitions of conjuncterms and on the concept of a decomposition clone. Two techniques of searching for some non-disjoint functional decomposition are described. Theorems on the non-disjoint decomposition of full and partial functions and their systems are formulated. The proposed approach is illustrated by examples. Parts I, II, and III of this article are published in No. 5 (2001), No. 1 (2002), and No. 2 (2007). Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 15-41, May–June 2009.     

异源四倍体鲫鲤群体的形成及四倍体化在脊椎动物进化中的作用

对雌雄两性能育并形成群体的异源四倍体鲫鲤的染色体数目和组型,DNA含量,红细胞大小,生殖腺和配子,胚胎发育,形成机理,外形等方面进行了较全面描述。四倍体鲫鲤经过九代（F3-F11）的四倍体性的繁殖,已形成了一个数目庞大的遗传性状稳定的群体。该四倍体群体在染色体数目、生殖、外形特征等方面都与它们的原始父母本-二倍体湘江野鲤和红鲫有本质的差别。在遗传特性、稳定传代、生育隔离等方面,异源四倍体鲫鲤群体为形成一个新的四倍体新种奠定了基础。新的四倍体鱼群体的形成对脊椎动物的进化理论和它们在生产上的应用都具有重要的意义。