The significant promotion of g-C3N4 on Pt/CNS catalyst for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

This article reported a series of g–C₃N₄–CNS (g-C₃N₄ and carbon nanosheets) composite carriers formed by the hydrothermal method, and then the ethylene glycol reduction method was used to anchor Pt nanoparticles on the g–C₃N₄–CNS carrier to form the Pt/g–C₃N₄–CNS catalysts. The electrochemical test for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol (MOR) shown that the Pt/20%g–C₃N₄–CNS catalyst has the best catalytic performance and stability. These Pt/g–C₃N₄–CNS catalysts were analyzed by TEM, XRD, XPS, and BET characterization. It is discovered that the amount of g-C₃N₄ greatly influenced the structure and chemical properties of Pt/CNS precursor. As the content of g-C₃N₄ increases, the content of pyridine nitrogen and pyrrole nitrogen also increases, and N species can enhance the interaction between Pt nanoparticles and CNS, promote Pt dispersion, and increase the specific surface area of the catalyst. Similarly, an excessive addition of g-C₃N₄ will cause a sharp decline in the conductivity of the catalyst, and then led to the decline of MOR activity.     

Design of a low-density wood-cement particleboard for interior wall finish

Gypsum boards form a very large part of the building walls and ceilings finishing market. However, they have poor screw-withdrawal resistance, low hardness and are highly sensitive to moisture. The objective of this study was to determine whether it is possible to make wood-cement particleboards of the same density as gypsum boards while avoiding these drawbacks.Wood-cement particleboards were made by pouring the wood-cement paste in a mould. This was made possible by adding a viscosity modifying mixture to the mixing water and a set accelerating mixture to improve wood/cement compatibility. The mechanical properties and surface quality of the wood-cement particleboards were improved by using, on the board surfaces, paper sheets that were the same as those used on gypsum boards.The average specific gravity of the wood-cement particleboards was the same as gypsum boards, at 0.7. The average bending modulus of rupture obtained for the wood-cement particleboards was 10 MPa in the finishing paper principal direction and 5 MPa in the other direction compared to 5.5 MPa and 1.6 MPa respectively for gypsum boards. The average screw-withdrawal resistance of wood-cement particleboards was 570 N, that is, 1.7 times higher than for gypsum boards.     

新型高水热稳定性MOR/MCM-41复合分子筛的合成

以丝光沸石分子筛为硅铝源,通过碱液处理和表面活性剂的自组装作用,水热条件下合成了MOR/MCM-41复合分子筛。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、N2吸附/脱附和水热稳定性处理等手段对合成的复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,复合材料不仅保留了原丝光沸石晶体的规则形貌,同时兼具微孔分子筛MOR和介孔分子筛MCM-41的特征,且介孔(20~30 nm)在微孔分子筛中较均匀地分布。水热处理测试结果表明,MOR/MCM-41复合分子筛具有较高的水热稳定性,水热处理100 h后介孔结构依然存在。     

Dual approach for bipolar transistor thermal impedance determination

This paper presents a dual approach for a coherent determination and validation of heterostructure bipolar transistor (HBT) thermal impedance. This study relies both on an experimental characterization method and a 3D finite element simulation approach. One section reminds briefly the experimental approach. Another describes the 3D device modeling used for the physics-based thermal simulation. Thereafter, details on the reduction method used for the numerical computation of the thermal impedance are given. As complement to pure thermal simulation, an electrothermal distributed model is proposed and gives an interpretation of the distributed effects in multi-finger devices.     

竹材密实化及其物理力学性能研究

采用平压-热压法对毛竹材进行压缩密实试验，探讨竹材的压缩率与密度、密度与静曲强度及弹性模量、热压温度与静曲强度及弹性模量相互之间的关系。     

MOR沸石合成条件及对其性能的影响

利用FT－IR光谱法测定不同条件下合成的MOR沸石的酸性分布，并考察其催化剂的反应活性和选择性。结果表明，MOR沸石酸性与合成条件相关，CS芳烃异构化反应活性与MOR沸石的B酸量成正比，选择性与L酸量成正比。     

MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛的合成及Pt/MOR@SAPO-11催化剂的加氢异构化性能

采用硅铝源法制备具有核壳结构的复合分子筛MOR@SAPO-11。利用XRD、SEM、N2物理吸附 脱附曲线、NH3-TPD和Py-FTIR等手段对MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛的晶体结构、分子筛形貌和酸性质进行表征。结果表明,采用硅铝源法制备的复合分子筛MOR@SAPO-11呈现以丝光沸石为核,SAPO-11为壳的核壳结构。相比于单一分子筛MOR、SAPO-11和机械混合物MOR+ SAPO-11,MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛具有更适宜的酸性和较高的B酸分布。这说明MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛发生了协同作用,通过物理或者化学作用紧密相连,改善了自身的酸性。在相同的反应条件下,以硅铝源法制备的复合分子筛MOR@ SAPO-11为载体的Pt催化剂异构化活性和异构烃选择性比以单一分子筛和机械混合分子筛为载体的Pt催化剂有明显提高。     

Improving the Performance of Bamboo and Eucalyptus Wood fiber/Polypropylene Composites Using Pectinase Pre-treatments

The potential for using pectinase as a pre-treatment to improve the properties of bamboo or eucalyptus fibers for use in a woody fiber/polypropylene (PP) composite was compared with the addition of a silane coupling agent or NaOH pre-treatment. Pectinase pre-treatment reduced the amount of pectin in both fibers (p < 0.0001) and this reduction was associated with improved tensile strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity (p < 0.001) of bamboo, or eucalyptus fiber-based composites. Pre-treatment had no consistent effects on the thickness swell or water absorption. The addition of a coupling agent produced similar improvements in panel properties (p < 0.05), but also markedly reduced moisture absorption and thickness swell (p < 0.05). Sodium hydroxide pre-treatment had no consistent effects on panel properties, although it did appear to affect thickness swell. Short pectinase pre-treatment might be useful for enhancing the properties of woody tissue/PP composites while reducing but not completely eliminating the need for coupling agents.     

Gas diffusion electrodes for methanol electrooxidation studied by a new DEMS configuration: Influence of the diffusion layer

A novel differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) cell has been developed to study gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) used in fuel cells under operating conditions. In this way, catalytic and diffusion properties of the electrodes can be evaluated at the same time. Moreover, DEMS, allows the detection of volatile and gaseous products and intermediates generated in the electrochemical reactions with good sensitivity. In this way, CO₂ conversion efficiencies are evaluated during alcohol oxidation reaction. In the present communication, the electrochemical behaviour towards hydrogen evolution and CO and alcohol electrooxidation at different platinum-based catalysts has been studied using the new DEMS cell configuration. The relative yields of CO₂ and by-side products during methanol oxidation have been evaluated to determine the CO₂ conversion efficiency. In addition, the diffusional properties of diverse GDEs have been considered.