丙烯腈装置回收塔内聚合物生成原因的分析

针对丙烯腈生产过程中回收塔内聚合物堵塞降液管造成回收塔运行周期短的问题,通过对丙烯腈回收塔内各组分分布的模拟计算,直观显示了回收塔内各组分的浓度分布,发现了回收塔的聚合段与丙烯醛的富集段相吻合的现象,初步得出了回收塔内局部聚合的原因;通过对塔内聚合物的特性分析和评判,进一步证实了“回收塔内局部聚合严重是由于在聚合段丙烯醛聚集引起”这一现象;根据模拟计算结果和实际运行经验,提出了预防聚合物堵塞降液管的措施,并进行了部分生产验证,为丙烯腈生产企业延长装置运行周期提供了理论指导。     

丙烯醛制备1,3-丙二醇的中型试验研究

对丙烯醛水合、加氢制1，3-丙二醇工艺进行了中试研究，主要对小试技术的可靠性进行验证。结果表明，丙烯醛经水合、加氢制1，3-丙二醇的工艺技术可行，反应器、精馏塔等设备设计合理。中试丙烯醛水合单程转化率为45％～55％，3-羟基丙醛选择性达到了93％左右，3-羟基丙醛加氢收率接近100％，产品1，3-丙二醇的醛基质量分数降至5μg／g以下。与小试结果相比较，中试的水合选择性明显提高，加氢催化剂活性寿命延长。     

Preparation, Characterisation and Catalytic Behaviour of a New TeVMoO Crystalline Phase

TeM_xMo_1.7O mixed oxides (M = V and/or Nb; x = 0-1.7) have been prepared by calcination of the corresponding salts at 600 °C in an atmosphere of N₂. A new crystalline phase, with a Te/V/Mo atomic ratio of 1/0.2-1.5/1.7, has been isolated and characterised by XRD and IR spectroscopy. This phase is observed in the TeVMo or TeVNbMo mixed oxide but not in the TeNbMo mixed oxide. The new crystalline phase shows an XRD pattern similar to Sb₄Mo₁₀O₃₁ and probably corresponds to the M1 phase recently proposed by Aouine et al. (Chem. Commun. 1180, 2001) to be present in the active and selective MoVTeNbO catalysts. Although these catalysts present a very low activity in the propane oxidation, they are active and selective in the oxidation of propene to acrolein and/or acrylic acid. However, the product distribution depends on the catalyst composition. Acrolein or acrylic acid can be selectively obtained from propene on Nb-free or Nb-containing TeVMo catalysts, respectively. The presence of both V and Nb, in addition to Mo and Te, appears to be important in the formation of acrylic acid from propene.     

Formation of toxic aldehydes in cod liver oil after ultraviolet irradiation

Formaldehyde, acrolein, malonaldehyde (MA), acetaldehyde and propanal produced from cod liver oil upon ultraviolet irradiation (λ_max=300 nm) were derivatized into nitrogenor sulfur-containing compounds and then analyzed by capillary gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector or a flame photometric detector. Acrolein and MA were formed at levels of 10.9±3.06 and 190.2±38.4 nmol/mg of fish oil, respectively. Maximum levels of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal formed were 7.0±0.90, 49.1±4.5 and 35.8±4.0 nmol/mg of oil, respectively. Formation of propanal in large quantities corresponded to the high content of ɛ-3 fatty acids in cod liver oil.     

Oxidation of acrolein on a multicomponent oxide catalyst

Catalytic oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid has been studied and the optimum composition of the multicomponent catalyst Mo _a V _b Cu _c Fe _d O _x has been found. The reaction kinetics has been measured.     

6，7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶

6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶主要用于药物、杀菌剂和抗菌剂的研究,也被广泛应用于制备植物保护剂和合成树脂、防老剂以及塑料制品等。目前因其被作为第四代抗生素头孢匹罗的侧链而成为研究者竞相开发的热点。6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶有实用价值的合成方法主要有N-羟基邻苯二甲酰胺法、丙烯醛法和己二酸二乙酯法。丙烯醛法中6,7-二氢-5H-环戊烷并[b]吡啶的收率为87.4%,具有较好的开发前景。     

双环戊二烯、丙烯醛法生产吡虫啉原药

简要介绍吡虫啉原药的用途和标准,以及采用双环戊二烯和丙烯醛法生产吡虫啉原药的生产工艺和原料要求。详细论述了吡虫啉原药生产的工艺流程,并对工业生产中主要工艺控制点和产品质量进行了讨论。最后提出了生产吡虫啉原药的三废治理方法。     

工作场所空气中丙烯醛检测方法综述

丙烯醛属于高毒类化合物,严重危害人的身体健康。对目前测定工作场所中丙烯醛含量的一些主要的测定方法进行了综述,并对其优缺点进行了分析。     

丙烷部分氧化制取丙烯醛Ⅰ.多组份氧化物催化剂的研究

对丙烷氧化制取丙烯醛的多组份氧化物催化剂进行了制备研究和ＴＰＲ、ＸＲＤ表征。结果表明Ｂｉ－Ｖ－Ｍｏ－Ｏ与Ｂｉ－Ｖ－Ｗ－Ｏ催化剂对丙烷氧化制取丙烯醛具有较高的活性与选择性，Ａｇ＋是优良助剂。添加Ａｇ＋调变的Ａｇ－Ｂｉ－Ｖ－Ｍｏ－Ｏ催化剂在４９０℃、０．００４ＭＰａ、３０００ｍｌ／（ｇｃａｔｈ）条件下，丙烷转化率为４６．９％，丙烯醛选择性为５２．８％。ＴＰＲ和ＸＲＤ研究表明，有优良催化性能的Ｂｉ－Ｖ－Ｍｏ－Ｏ和Ａｇ－Ｂｉ－Ｖ－Ｍｏ－Ｏ催化剂体系中具有白钨矿（ｓｃｈｅｅｌｉｔｅ）型的结构