Geochemical characteristics of the Yufuin outflow plume, Beppu hydrothermal system, Japan

Thermal water at Yufuin (Kyushu Island, Japan) is tapped through about 820 shallow wells and used mainly for hot-spring bathing purposes. Chemical and isotopic data for fluids from wells and fumaroles in Yufuin and Beppu indicate that the thermal activity at Yufuin represents a dilute, westward-flowing hydrothermal outflow plume from the Beppu hydrothermal system. Two other (eastward-flowing) outflow plumes have long been recognized at Beppu, but the Yufuin outflow plume is first recognized here. The Yufuin outflow plume is apparently a mixture of two end-member fluids: (1) deep high-temperature (250–300°C) fluid from the Beppu system having high chloride concentration (1400–1600 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −6.0%, and (2) meteoric water having low chloride concentration (≤7 mg/L) and a δ¹⁸O value near −9.2%.A permeable conduit for the vertical and lateral transport of deep fluid from the Beppu system is provided by the Yufuin Fault zone, which extends westward from the southern flank of Mt. Tsurumi volcano to the town of Yufuin. Stable isotope ratios and chloride concentrations for shallow groundwaters near the eastern end of the fault, at an elevation near 700 m, are consistent with those required for the low-chloride meteoric end-member of the Yufuin thermal waters. Recharge of this meteoric water, as well as mixing with the Beppu deep fluid, may occur along the Yufuin Fault. Enthalpy-chloride relations indicate additional conductive heating of the Yufuin waters, in the amount of 350–500 kJ/kg beyond that which can be accounted for by mixing between Beppu deep fluid and meteoric water. This could be a result of conductive heating with convection to a depth of 1–2 km. Estimates of the magnitude of the heat source for the Beppu hydrothermal system should take into account the heat being discharged at Yufuin.     

新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤有机地球化学特征

有机地球化学和有机岩石学研究结果表明，新疆三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤中富集孢子体和角质体（３．０％～６．０％，全岩体积百分比），对煤中氯仿沥青“Ａ”组成中较高的总烃馏分（３０％～５０％）和饱芳比（０．６～３．０）产生了影响。煤的聚集环境是影响煤的显微组分组成及生油特性的关键因素。三塘湖盆地侏罗系煤属于“晚生晚排”叠加有“早生早排”类型的烃源岩。     

内蒙红花沟金矿有关岩石中金等微量元素的丰度及其意义

本文首次系统地研究了内蒙红花沟金矿变质岩、花岗岩、石英斑岩和多种脉岩的Au、Ag等13种微量元素的丰度,并对其在矿源层研究和化探找矿工作中的意义进行了探讨。红花沟金矿各主要岩类的金丰度均在3.18～4.2ppb之间,斜长角闪岩的金丰度为4.2ppb,是金的矿源层。     

Geochemical approach to the Bou Hadjar hydrothermal system (NE Algeria)

The Bou Hadjar low-temperature hydrothermal system is located in northeast Algeria. The four main thermal springs that are the subject of the study emerge ith temperatures between 32 and 60°C from allochthonous formations. The reservoir temperature has been estimated from chemical compositions by utilizing simultaneously the silica, gas and sulfate-water oxygen isotope geothermometers, fluid-mineral equilibrium calculations, and a mixing model. According to these thermometric methods, the most probable subsurface temperature is in the range 75–106°C. The mixing model suggests a temperature of 125°C for the parent water.     

吐哈盆地雁木西油田天然气成因分析

雁木西油田所产天然气在吐哈盆地有一定的特殊性，主要表现为含有一定量的硫化氢气体，部分样品的氮气含量高、甲烷含量低、烃类碳同位素值较重，并且重烃碳同位素值发生了倒转。探讨这些特殊性有助于全面认识吐哈盆地的天然气来源、成因与分布规律等，为此在天然气地球化学特征分析的基础上，结合具体的地质条件对天然气的来源、成因进行了系统地分析并取得了如下认识：①雁木西油田的原油溶解气分布在鄯善群和白垩系油藏中，成因上为腐殖型天然气，由烃类和非烃类组成；②烃类气体由甲烷和重烃组成，不同组分的含量与干燥系数均在较宽的范围内变化，但都表现为湿气特征；③非烃类气体主要由N₂、H₂S、CO₂等组成，其中CO₂含量普遍较低；④烃类气体、部分非烃气体及其伴生的原油主要来自侏罗系烃源岩，部分高含量的氮气为大气来源，硫化氢与深部石炭系海相碳酸盐岩有关；⑤部分天然气遭受了次生变化，烃类碳同位素值偏重、重烃碳同位素值倒转均与细菌的生物降解作用有关。     

Accumulation and Mixing of Oils in Jinghu Sag of Subei Basin： Constraints from Thermal Maturity Parameters

Oils in Jinghu sag are abundant with high content of polar compounds and have a low ratio of saturate to aromatic hydrocarbons and a high ratio of resin to asphaltene. The gross composition of oils in the Jinghu sag suggests typical immature to low mature characteristics. Some compounds with low thermal stability were identified. Light hydrocarbons, a carbon preference index, an odd even index, n-alkane and hopane maturity parameters show mature features and little differences in the maturity level among oils. Sterane isomerization parameters indicate an immature to low mature status of oil. Transfer of the sedimentary center during sedimentation has led to different thermal histories among subsags and thus generated oils with different maturities. On the basis of source analyses, four migration and accumulation patterns with different maturity can be classified. Combined with available information on mergers of source, reservoir and long distance oil lateral migration, mixing conditions were present in the Jinghu sag. Experimental results indicate that maturity variations are caused by mixtures of hydrocarbons with different maturity.     

贵州省煤中有害微量元素的地球化学特性

对贵州省主要产煤区特别是西南部高污染无烟煤进行了系统采样,应用电感耦合等离子体原子吸收光谱(ICP-AES)、原子荧光光谱(AFS)、离子选择性电极和化学方法测定了煤中As,Hg,F,Cl,Cr,Cd,Mo等有害微量元素和形态硫的含量特性,应用等离子体低温灰化仪分离出煤中的无机矿物质,测试结果表明,煤中As,Hg,F,Cr,Cd,Mo等元素的含量均显著高于我国煤中的平均值,含量异常高的煤主要分布在贵州省的西南部.微量元素与矿物质总量之间的相关性并不十分明显,Hg与As与黄铁矿之间显著相关.     

重庆城口地区早寒武世黑色页岩地球化学特征及成矿规律

研究城口地区早寒武世黑色页岩地球化学特征、成矿规律及环境特征,并对早寒武世黑色页岩元素分布及其形成环境进行探讨。     

湖北白果坪磷矿镉地球化学特征及研究意义

通过对白果坪磷矿床中镉地球化学特征的研究,探讨了对磷块岩矿床中镉的表生地球化学作用过程研究的意义.白果坪磷矿风化磷矿中的镉含量较原生磷矿镉含量高近一倍,表明在地表氧化环境下,镉元素在酸性水溶液的作用下被氧化淋滤发生了明显迁移.镉在磷块岩中的赋存状态为类质同象和吸附态,在风化磷矿石中以吸附态为主.研究镉元素在表生风化作用下的活化-迁移-沉淀富集机理可以为防治磷矿山开采中可能产生的镉污染提供对策.     

Trace element geochemistry of the Obed Mountain deposit coals, Alberta, Canada

This study reports on the elemental concentrations and vertical variation of coal seams from the Obed Mountain deposit, Alberta Foothills, Canada. Results from two sections of Seam 1 show that the major elements (i.e. Al, Fe, Mg, K, Na, Ti, and Si) have high concentrations in intervals having high ash content, with the only exception of Ca. Similarities are apparent, in both sections, in the vertical variations of Th, U, Se, and Zn; Rb, Cs, and K; Sb, Mo, and W; Mn and Sr; and Ba, Cr, Co, Hf, and Sc. These similarities are also evident among the REEs, notably between Ce and La; also between Dy, Eu, and Sm. Most elements, with the exception of Ba and Sr are slightly more concentrated in Section 2 of Seam 1, located approximately 1.5Fig. km away from Section 1. Compared to Seam 1, Seam 2 has lower mean concentrations of elements. Boron in the coal ranges from 27 to 100 ppmw, though most values are less than 50 ppmw. Boron concentrations suggest a freshwater depositional environment. The element is depleted in the sedimentary partings (12–29 ppmw only) and is enriched in the coal interval near the roof and immediately beneath the partings. This enrichment shows possible downward mobilization of boron. Vertical variations of elements are helpful in delineating the boundaries between coal and sedimentary partings in the succession. The Obed Mountain coals are “clean” by world standards and their elemental concentrations are comparable with those in coals of a lower rank from the same coal formation used for power generation in Alberta. All sedimentary partings have low concentrations of Ba, Hf, Sc, Sr, Ta, Th, U, and REEs; this, along with the absence of an Eu negative anomaly suggests a non-volcanic origin for the partings.