探地雷达在地下管线探测中的应用

探地雷达技术是如今适应快速、准确、无损地探测地下障碍物而迅速发展的电磁技术。文中介绍了探地雷达的工作原理及工作方式，并通过结合工程实例来探讨探地雷达在地下管线探测中的广泛应用。     

横流环境中射流的数值研究

本文采用标准的k-ε模型及混合有限分析法对均匀横流环境中的铅直圆形射流进行了(射流比0.5～8)数值分析。所得射流轨迹线与实验资料吻合良好，且与理论分析得出了各种射流比(射流出流速度与横流速度之比)情况下的射流轨迹线、对称面上的内外边界线的统一数学表达式，得出了水平面上示踪质影响的最大宽度、射流横断面浓度最大值偏离射流中心值与射流比的关系式，还得出了射流是否发生附壁及产生分叉现象的界限值。文中数值结果清晰地显示射流背流面存在马蹄形的流动结构。     

大规格圆钢质量分析和控制

针对湘钢棒材厂生产大规格圆钢出现的表面质量问题，重点介绍了在成品轧机后采用U形辊道和立活套替换棍道；冷床输入辊道采用镶WT合金套；增设高压水除鳞装置；中间轧件尺寸精度控制等措施，成功的解决了大规格圆钢表面擦伤、“麻面”、尺寸超差等表面质量问题，产品质量显著提高。     

不锈钢绕带容器环板与绕带端头的焊接

本文通过焊接试验对奥氏体不锈钢绕带容器环板与绕带焊接工艺进行了研究分析,并得出了合理的焊接方法和工艺参数。     

3D圆阀塔板性能研究

介绍了3D圆阀塔板的结构特点和实验研究情况。以空气和水为工质进行了冷模实验,研究了3D圆阀塔板的塔板压降、雾沫夹带量和泄漏量等流体力学性能。利用氧解吸法测定其塔板效率,并在相同条件下与F1浮阀塔板进行了对比实验。结果表明,在相同条件下,3D圆阀塔板比传统F1浮阀塔板的塔板效率提高5%~15%,塔板压降约低100 Pa,泄漏量和雾沫夹带量与F1浮阀塔板基本相当,是一种综合性能优良的新型浮阀塔板。     

圆钢锭浇铸工艺试验

在不同锭型钢中A1含量及S含量、浇铸温度及浇铸时间等试验工艺条件下,对模铸20管钢、φ450mm、2.1t(圆波浪形)钢锭裂纹率的影响进行了分析与讨论,并确定了主要工艺参数。     

整体成型钼园舟研究

本研究采用特殊的方法制取钼园舟，研究结果表明，获得了满意的结果。     

环形锻件钢坯铸钢模上出模斜度的研究与应用

分析了环形锻件终锻成形前的预锻件,即:铸钢坯在浇注成形时使用模具的型腔结构对其铸钢坯的质量有严重影响的主要因素,如对型腔表面出模斜度值的改进提出了新的技术方案。     

How Non-native Species in Lake Erie Influence Trophic Transfer of Mercury and Lead to Top Predators

Lake Erie's food web has been dramatically modified by exotic species. Both exotic dreissenid mussels and the round goby Neogobius melanastomus have shifted the food web from a pelagicbased to a benthic-based one, potentially creating a new pathway for contaminant transfer to top predators. Before the invasion of round gobies, few predators of dreissenids occurred in Lake Erie, allowing contaminants to be confined to these benthic organisms. The invasion of the round goby has produced a new pathway through which these contaminants can enter the food web. To characterize heavy-metal transfer through this new food web and to assess risk to humans, water, surficial sediment, dreissenid, round goby, and smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieui samples were collected at three sites during summers, 2002 and 2003, and analyzed for total lead (Pb), total mercury (Hg), and methyl mercury (MeHg). In addition, we compared smallmouth bass Pb and Hg concentrations to those measured in 1993/1994, before round gobies were prevalent. Pb biodiminished and MeHg biomagnified through the food web to smallmouth bass; patterns were similar among our three sites. Total Pb concentrations in smallmouth bass were higher before the incorporation of round gobies into their diet. We attributed this decline to changes in food web structure, changes in contaminant burdens in prey, or declines in sediment Pb concentrations in Lake Erie. By comparison, Hg concentrations in smallmouth bass changed little, before and after the round goby invasion, possibly due to a shift in diet that increased growth. Despite a decline in sediment Hg concentrations in Lake Erie, smallmouth bass continued to accumulate Hg at historical rates possibly because of their high consumption rates of benthivorous round gobies. As smallmouth bass continue to consume round gobies during their lives, their Hg concentrations may well continue to increase, potentially increasing the risk of Hg contamination to humans.     

基于实验方法的硅胶圆管柔性关节静力学研究

采用两种不同材料的硅胶管和弹性骨架制作了柔性关节,对其进行静力学实验,得出了在相同气压下的弯曲角度和夹持力,并建立了柔性关节形变模型,获得了其气压下的形变特性。研究结果表明: 硅胶胶管邵氏硬度越小,其剪切弹性模量和弹性模量越小,其硅胶管制的柔性关节柔性和力学特性越好。该研究为弹性硅胶管在气动人工驱动器的应用进一步研究奠定了基础。