Broad-Spectral-Range Sustainability and Controllable Excitation of Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in α-MoO3

Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in orthorhombic-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO₃) show in-plane hyperbolicity, great wavelength compression, and ultralong lifetime, therefore holding great potential in nanophotonic applications. However, its polaritonic response in the far-infrared (FIR) range remains unexplored due to challenges in experimental characterization. Here, monochromated electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is used to probe HPhPs in α-MoO₃ in both mid-infrared (MIR) and FIR frequencies and correlate their behaviors with microstructures and orientations. It is found that low structural symmetry leads to various phonon modes and multiple Reststrahlen bands (RBs) over a broad spectral range (over 70 meV) and in different directions (55–63 meV and 119–125 meV along the b-axis, 68–106 meV along the c-axis, and 101–121 meV along the a-axis). These HPhPs can be selectively excited by controlling the direction of swift electrons. These findings provide new opportunities in nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications, such as directed light propagation, hyperlenses, and heat transfer.     

Corner flow in free liquid films

A lubrication-flow model for a free film in a corner is presented. The model, written in the hyperbolic coordinate system ξ = x ² −y ², η = 2xy, applies to films that are thin in the η-direction. The lubrication approximation yields two coupled evolution equations for the film thickness and the velocity field which, to lowest order, describes plug flow in the hyperbolic coordinates. A free film in a corner evolving under surface tension and gravity is investigated. The rate of thinning of a free film is compared to that of a film evolving over a solid substrate. Viscous shear and normal stresses are both captured in the model and are computed for the entire flow domain. It is shown that normal stress dominates over shear stress in the far field, while shear stress dominates close to the corner. This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrected page numbers.     

New two‐dimensional slope limiters for discontinuous Galerkin methods on arbitrary meshes

In this paper, we introduce an extension of Van Leer's slope limiter for two‐dimensional discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods on arbitrary unstructured quadrangular or triangular grids. The aim is to construct a non‐oscillatory shock capturing DG method for the approximation of hyperbolic conservative laws without adding excessive numerical dispersion. Unlike some splitting techniques that are limited to linear approximations on rectangular grids, in this work, the solution is approximated by means of piecewise quadratic functions. The main idea of this new reconstructing and limiting technique follows a well‐known approach where local maximum principle regions are defined by enforcing some constraints on the reconstruction of the solution. Numerical comparisons with some existing slope limiters on structured as well as on unstructured meshes show a superior accuracy of our proposed slope limiters. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Delay discounting of real and hypothetical rewards.

The degree to which real and hypothetical rewards were discounted across delays ranging from 6 hr to 1 year was explored in a within-subjects design. An adjusting-amounts procedure was used to estimate the subjective value of real and hypothetical rewards at each delay. A hyperbolic discounting function provided a significantly better fit to individual participants' preferences than did an exponential function. No significant effect of reward type on degree of hyperbolic discounting or area under the discounting curves was detected. These findings offer some support for the validity of using hypothetical rewards to estimate discounting rates in substance-abusing and other populations, but caution is suggested because this support is gleaned from a failure to detect an effect of reward type. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

分偏移距动校正方法的改进

在地震资料处理中，速度分析和动校正对资料品质的影响很大。由于动校正速度是随偏移距变化而变化的，而常规速度分析并没有考虑这一因素，动校正效果往往不是很理想，从而影响资料的叠加和成像效果。分偏移距动校方法是在不同偏移距上采用不同的速度进行动校正。但由于是在不同偏移距组上分别独立进行速度分析和动校正，因此不能将不同偏移距组的同一反射同相轴校正到同一to层位上。这样就需要进行繁琐的后续处理，而且还会降低同相轴的连续性和平滑性。为此，对该方法进行了一些改进，即固定to在不同的分偏移距段进行速度扫描，段与段之间的衔接问题采用平滑处理解决。理论模型分析表明，采取上述改进措施后，动校正效果得到了一定提高，改善了同相轴的连续性和平滑性。     

保单调插值的奇异混合三角/双曲B样条

为了使得插值曲线保单调,设计了两类新的平面参数曲线及其保单调插值算法.计算奇异混合函数,把三角/双曲多项式B样条曲线与奇异多边形通过奇异混合函数混合,无需解方程组或繁琐的迭代,得到自动插值给定平面点列且C2(或G1)连续的带形状参数的复合曲线,尤其能得到摆线、螺旋线、双曲线、悬链线等各类超越曲线.通过把插值曲线的导矢分量转化为类Bernstein多项式,并且利用Bernstein多项式非负的充要条件,得到插值曲线单调的充要条件,获得形状参数合适的取值范围. 该方法简单方便,所得参数范围保证了插值曲线保单调.     

非线性PID自学习控制方法研究

针对非线性、多变量、强耦合系统的控制问题,提出一种基于双曲函数的非线性PID自学习控制方法。在PID控制过程中,用双曲函数构造比例、积分、微分3个增益参数分别随误差变化的规律曲线,将传统线性PID控制律转化为非线性PID控制律的控制思想,并使用自学习算法实时调整3个非线性增益函数的增益系数,实现基于双曲函数的非线性PID自学习控制。仿真实验结果表明,与其他控制方法相比,该方法具有更强的鲁棒稳定性和抗扰动能力,是一种有效的控制方法,在非线性控制领域具有重要的应用价值。     

大跨双曲混凝土组合扭壳屋盖施工拆模优化分析

由于混凝土抗拉能力较差,双曲组合扭壳抵抗悬垂线方向的主拉应力控制至关重要.如果拆模顺序不当,可能会使壳体结构产生过大的拉应力.为解决此问题,以华工扭壳为例,对平行四边形底面双曲组合扭壳的满堂脚手架施工拆模顺序进行全面优化分析,并与工程实测进行对比,得出较为合理的拆模方式.     

子午向几何缺陷冷却塔的结构性能分析

钢筋混凝土双曲线冷却塔由于施工误差、混凝土长期徐变或收缩将产生不同程度的几何缺陷.为了解子午向几何缺陷对双曲线冷却塔结构性能的影响,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对产生缺陷前、后2种模型进行各种工况下的计算对比,分析该缺陷对结构动力特性、静力特性及稳定性的影响.计算结果表明,子午向的几何缺陷提高了结构的水平抗侧刚度,提高了一阶振动频率,减小了结构在水平荷载下的变形;在风荷载或自重作用下,缺陷部位均发生应力集中现象.荷载组合后的计算结果表明,环向轴力和子午向弯矩增大,而环向弯矩和子午向轴力变化较小;缺陷对温度作用下结构的性能几乎没有影响.按规范进行的稳定分析表明,缺陷极大地降低了塔筒的局部稳定安全系数.但是特征值屈曲分析表明,在塔筒喉部半径缩小后,在水平荷载作用下的屈曲系数有所提高,而在竖向荷载下的屈曲系数有所降低,双曲线形状的改变对塔筒在不同方向荷载下的屈曲具有不同的影响效果.     

桩土界面荷载传递模型的改进及其数值实现

目前,在数值模拟中,桩土界面的刚度缺乏简便可靠的确定方法.针对这一问题,本文提出了桩土界面改进双曲线模型,该模型中初始刚度由极限剪应力和极限相对位移的比值来确定,可考虑桩土相对滑移和土体深度效应的影响,并以有限差分软件FLAC3D为平台,利用其内嵌的FISH汇编语言编程,将改进双曲线模型应用到FLAC3D的桩土相互作用的模型中.最后,通过实例验证,将本文方法的计算值、FLAC3D内嵌理想弹塑性模型的计算值与相关文献中的结果进行对比.结果表明:本文提出的改进双曲线模型及数值实现是合理的,能够更为合理地模拟桩土共同作用.