Investigation on end-of-life electric and electronic equipment recycling and disposal system in China: legislation, education and dissemination

The Chinese obsolete electric and electronic equipments (EEE) recycling and disposal system on the point of view of legislation, education and dissemination were discussed, because of the highly increasing volume of electric and electronic products and that of its obsoletes today in China. The legislations and responsibilities of government, industry and consumer were discussed based on the balance of benefit and responsibility depending on the realization of their benefits in the whole life cycle of products and its status in the whole value chain. Not only the legislation and establishment of the so called “compulsory discarding system” will be a possible and effective solution to the difficulty of the obsolete collection and recycling for obsolete electric and electronic reclaiming industry, but also the education and dissemination. Education and dissemination were discussed as an important role which will emphasize the adjusting of policy and law on the development of electric and electronic industry production and its reclaiming. The education of stockholders’ environmental responsibility and the advocating of responsibility sharing should be implement for industry and consumer. Chinese EEE industry should emphasize the control of natural source, and should implement the environmental benign design in their production, such as design for dismantling, no dismantling, thermal treatment and green design. The perspectives for the way to advocate a harmonic society for Chinese people were described. Foundation item: Project(50235030) supported by the Fundamental Theory and Key Techniques for Remanufacturing of China     

Practices @ Home: Assimilating the Past and the Present for a Visionary Architecture

Guest-Editor Mehran Gharleghi describes the work of four Iranian practices - Fluid Motion Architects (FMA), Pouya Khazaeli Parsa, Arsh Design Studio and Kourosh Rafiey/Asar Consultant Engineers' Co) - that are worthy of international attention. Over the last decade, all have distinguished themselves by developing a body of work ‘that is not only globally informed but also conscious and proud of its local, regional and national identity’.     

关于电工电子系列课程改革课题组研究与实践情况的介绍

回顾与总结了“电工电子系列课程教学与课程体系改革的研究与实践”课题线的工作情况,并对教育部提出的下一轮教学改革的任务作一简述。     

ZigBee技术浅析

基于ZigBee无线连接技术低功耗、低成本、短时延、大网络容量、可靠、安全的特点,给出了ZigBee协议栈框架,探讨了协议栈中每一层的功能,分析了ZigBee技术的性能,希望对基于ZigBee技术的项目开发有所帮助。     

Investigation on end-of-life electric and electronic equipment recycling and disposal system in China: legislation, education and dissemination

The Chinese obsolete electric and electronic equipments (EEE) recycling and disposal system on the point of view of legislation, education and dissemination were discussed, because of the highly increasing volume of electric and electronic products and that of its obsoletes today in China. The legislations and responsibilities of go vernment, industry and consumer were discussed based on the balance of benefit and responsibility depending on the realization of their benefits in the whole life cycle of products and its status in the whole value chain. Not only the legislation and establishment of the so called "compulsory discarding system" will be a possible and effective solution to the difficulty of the obsolete collection and recycling for obsolete electric and electronic reclaiming industry, but also the education and dissemination. Education and dissemination were discussed as an important role which will emphasize the adjusting of policy and law on the development of electric and electronic industry production and its reclaiming. The education of stockholders' environmental responsibility and the advocating of responsibility sharing should be implement for industry and consumer. Chinese EEE industry should emphasize the control of natural source, and should implement the environmental benign design in their production, such as design for dismantling, no dismantling, thermal treatment and green design. The perspectives for the way to advocate a harmonic society for Chinese people were described.     

Priority-based IEEE 802.15.4 CSMA/CA mechanism for WSNs

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is widely used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a priority-based IEEE 802.15.4 carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism for WSNs. Considering traffic load and traffic type of sensor nodes, we classify sensor nodes into three types. In our mechanism, different contention parameters are set for nodes with different priority levels, in order that nodes with high priority achieve high probability to access the channel. By modeling the proposed mechanism using a Markov chain, we analyze and compute the successful transmission probability, throughput and energy consumption for nodes with different priority levels. Finally, our numerical results demonstrate that our mechanism performs well for WSNs.     

A multi-hop resource scheduling algorithm for IEEE 802.16j relay networks

The IEEE 802.16j standard defines both transparent and non-transparent relay transmission mode. The present study formulates and optimizes the relay resource scheduling problem for the case of a non-transparent relay network. It is shown that the resource scheduling problem is NP-Complete. A method is proposed for optimizing the position of the zone boundary adaptively during the resource scheduling process in order to maximize the system throughput. In addition, a low time complexity algorithm designated as MRRS (multi-hop relay resource scheduling) is proposed to obtain an approximate solution for the NP-Complete scheduling problem. In the proposed algorithm, the zone boundary is adjusted adaptively in accordance with the user distribution and the channel state information in such a way as to improve the utilization of the available slots. The simulation results show that MRRS achieves a higher throughput than existing relay resource scheduling algorithms (GenArgMax and Eliminate-Repeat) with no significant loss in fairness. In addition, it is shown that the performance improvement provided by MRRS increases as the hop-count is increased.     

原子荧光光谱法测定电子电气产品中的六价铬

样品中的六价铬用甲苯/碱液提取后,提取碱液过阳离子交换柱,六价铬直接流出,流出液经适当稀释后,以原子荧光光谱仪测定其含量。本方法优化了工作参数条件,方法回收率均在88.7%—99.8%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%,实际样品比对分析结果表明,方法具有良好的准确度,适用于电子电气产品中六价铬的分析。     

电子电气设备中塑料阻燃剂PBDE使用的危害性

多溴联苯醚(PBDE)广泛用作电子电气设备（EEE）产品中塑料件的阻燃剂,欧盟《WEEE指令》和《RoHS指令》的公布唤醒了世界各国对PBDE危害性的极大关注,本文在国内外多溴联苯醚(PBDE)危害性研究成果的基础上,介绍了电子电气设备(EEE)中多溴联苯醚(PBDE）使用的危害性。