基于本体的FMEA知识库的构建方法研究

为合理有效地利用失效模式与后果分析(potential failure mode and effects analysis,FMEA)知识,针对在解决制造过程中进行质量问题的分析和处理时,由于受现场人员知识和经验水平的制约而使分析结果具有极大的不确定性问题,提出了基于本体论构建的FMEA知识库,对FMEA过程形成的知识进行有效提取和集成.研究了FMEA知识的获取和分类,建立了一个基于本体的FMEA知识表示模型,并给出了一个基于本体的FMEA知识库框架结构,讨论了基于本体的FMEA知识检索和知识库的维护.通过FMEA知识库的建立,为质量问题的处理和分析提供了一个有效的决策支持途径.     

基于故障模式影响分析方法的脉冲行波管可靠性研究

运用故障模式影响分析方法分析了某型号脉冲行波管的主要故障模式,针对此类故障模式采取了相应的改进措施,降低了产品主要故障出现概率,提高了脉冲行波管的可靠性,同时提升了真空电子器件的产品质量。     

FlexRay总线架构下线控转向系统可靠性分析

文章在研究FlexRay总线理论基础上,对FlexRay总线式线控转向系统的可靠性进行研究,给出了具有容错结构的线控转向系统的方案。在对系统可靠性分析中采用FEMA的分析方法,有效的分析系统中的隐患;采用硬件冗余的方案设计出双通道冗余型的线控系统,大大提高FlexRay线控转向系统的可靠性要求。     

结合OWA算子和模糊DEMATEL的风险评估方法

针对传统故障模式与影响分析(FMEA)方法在实际应用中的不足,提出一种基于有序加权平均(OWA)算子和决策试行与评价实验法(DEMATEL)的风险排序方法。FMEA专家对故障模式的3个风险因子给出模糊评价信息,应用OWA算子对评估信息进行集结,得到各故障原因对故障模式的影响强度。采用模糊DEMATEL法构建FMEA系统要素间的初始直接影响矩阵,经过运算可得综合影响矩阵,并计算各故障原因的原因度,据此进行产品或系统的失效风险评估。运用该方法对地铁车门系统的基础部件进行安全性分析,并将所得结果与传统RPN方法的结果做对比,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

A fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process based approach to the process of railway risk information: A railway risk management system

Risk management is becoming increasingly important for railway companies in order to safeguard their passengers and employees while improving safety and reducing maintenance costs. However, in many circumstances, the application of probabilistic risk analysis tools may not give satisfactory results because the risk data are incomplete or there is a high level of uncertainty involved in the risk data. This article presents the development of a risk management system for railway risk analysis using fuzzy reasoning approach and fuzzy analytical hierarchy decision making process. In the system, fuzzy reasoning approach (FRA) is employed to estimate the risk level of each hazardous event in terms of failure frequency, consequence severity and consequence probability. This allows imprecision or approximate information in the risk analysis process. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) technique is then incorporated into the risk model to use its advantage in determining the relative importance of the risk contributions so that the risk assessment can be progressed from hazardous event level to hazard group level and finally to railway system level. This risk assessment system can evaluate both qualitative and quantitative risk data and information associated with a railway system effectively and efficiently, which will provide railway risk analysts, managers and engineers with a method and tool to improve their safety management of railway systems and set safety standards. A case study on risk assessment of shunting at Hammersmith depot is used to illustrate the application of the proposed risk assessment system.     

A fuzzy data envelopment analysis approach for FMEA

We present a data envelopment analysis approach for determining ranking indices among failure modes in which the typical FMEA parameters are modeled as fuzzy sets. By this approach, inference rules of the IF THEN kind can be bypassed. The proposed approach is applied to a typical PWR auxiliary feedwater system. The results are compared to those obtained by means of: the risk priority numbers, pure fuzzy logic concepts, and finally the DEA-APGF (profiling of severity efficiency) approach. The results demonstrate the potential of the combination of fuzzy logic concepts and data envelopment analysis for this class of problems.     

A reliability based maintenance policy; a case study

Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) incorporates sound guidance for managers who wish to attain high standards of maintenance at their operating plants. Since the amount and type of maintenance which is applied depend strongly on the machine or components age (DFR, CFR or IFR), on its replacement cost as well as on the cost and safety consequences of system failure, a careful analysis of the system components based on their reliability data should be done in order to optimize the maintenance program. This paper describes the methodology which was used at an aluminum plant in order to select critical machines and to develop an optimal maintenance policy based on reliability data of each machine, safety consequences of system failure, lead time and repair time, and components criticality.     

CDIC颌面及颅外科用钛骨固定器的安全风险分析方法

本文根据国家有关规定和相关标准，对三类医疗器械产品CDIC颌面及颅外科用钛骨固定器进行安全风险分析方法进行了介绍，应用该方法分析后，结论是产品的潜在风险均分布在广泛可接受区和合理可降低区，合理可降低区的潜在风险，只要实施了降低／控制风险措施，即可将风险降到最低。产品的受益远大于潜在风险，由产品造成的潜在风险是可以接受的，临床使用是安全的。     

质量风险管理在中药注射剂共线生产评估中的应用

为保证产品质量，避免交叉污染，天津天士力之骄药业有限公司采用ICHQ9推荐的风险管理工具——失效模式与效应分析（FMEA），对中药注射剂共线生产进行了风险评估，并将有持续性地改进行动。