用保护共沉淀法制备纳米ZrO2(Y2O3)粉体

用Tween-80保护共沉淀法制备了ZrO2(Y2O3）纳米粉体，用差热分析，热重分析，X射线衍射及透射电子显微镜等技术研究所了粉体的特征，结果表明：在700℃燃烧0.5h后ZrO2(Y2O3)粉体的平均粒径为3－9nm，比表面为128.5-134.5m^3g^-1,在1250℃煅烧8h后ZrO2(Y2O3)粉体已完全形成了立方相的ZrO2L大溶体，并且有非常好的烧结性能。     

Processing and oxidation of co-deposited Ni-Al coatings

Electrodeposited Ni matrix/Al microparticles or nanoparticles dispersed composite coatings (termed as EMCCs or ENCCs) are developed from a Ni-based electrolyte bath. The Al microparticles are in a size range of 1 -5 μm and the Al nanoparticles in an average size of 75 nm. The Al content in coatings increases with increase in the particle content in the bath. Particle size effect on the degree of codeposition is not significant. However, codeposition of Al nanoparticles instead of microparticles promotes more homogenous growth of Ni deposits on {111}, {200} and {220} planes. The oxidation at 1 050 ℃ of the as-deposited composite coatings shows that at a comparable Al content, ENCC of Ni-Al exhibits a better oxidation resistance than EMCC of Ni-Al due to the fast formation of an alumina scale during the transient stage of oxidation.     

镍—金刚石复合电镀的研究

报导镍-金刚石复合电镀的实验研究结果。实验表明,采用电流密度为2～2.5A/dm~2、温度为45～50℃、pH值为2.8～3.2,搅拌镀液15～20秒停3～4分钟,可获得金刚石微粒含量为8～9Wt％的优质复合镀层;在镀液配方、pH值不变的情况下,电流密度、温度和搅拌间歇时间是影响镀层机械物理性能的主要因素。     

Si-Al COATING ON PURE MOLYBDENUM SUBSTRATE AND ITS CYCLIC OXIDATION BEHAVIOR

The halide-activated pack cementation method is utilized to codeposit aluminum and silicon on Mo substrate. Emphasis is placed on the microstructure and elevated-temperature oxidation resistance of coatings. The results show that hexagonal Mo (Si, Al)2 as a main phase and a little amount of the lower disilicide Mo3Si3 was formed on Mo substrate through the halide-activated pack cementation method. The resultant Si-Al coating on Mo substrate exhibits excellent cyclic oxidation resistance. The excellent cyclic oxidation resistance of the coatings is attributed to the formation of alumina on the coatings during the oxidation.     

Effects of submicron diamonds on the growth of copper in Cu-diamond co-deposition

Submicron diamonds were co-deposited on aluminum substrates with copper from the acid copper sulfate electrolyte by electrolyte-suspension co-deposition.After submicron diamonds were added to the electrolyte,the shape of copper grains transformed from oval or round to polyhedron,the growth mode of copper grains transformed from columnar growth to gradual change in size,and the preferred orientation of copper grains transformed from (220) to (200).Analyzing the variation of cathodic overpotential,it was found that the cathodic overpotential tended to remain unchanged when copper plane (220) grew in the process of electrodepositing pure copper,while it tended to decrease with time when copper plane (200) grew m the process of co-deposition.It was inferred that copper plane (200) was propitious to the deposition of submicron diamonds.     

Characterization of PdAg/Al2O3 composite membrane by electroless co-deposition

In this work, PdAg/Al₂O₃ composite membranes prepared by electroless co-deposition technique have been studied. Effects of plating time, Ag composition and total concentration of metal ions on surface morphologies, composition and microstructure of the resulting layers were investigated. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and nitrogen permeation technique were used to characterize the as-prepared composite membranes. From the experimental results, it shows that the surface morphology of the deposited PdAg layer is strongly affected by the Ag content of the plating bath. Since large differences of deposition rates and growth modes are observed between Pd and Ag grains, the PdAg layer exhibits the dendritic structure. As the Ag content is approximately 50%, the dendritic structured PdAg layer reveals the largest nitrogen permeability with the smallest size of residual pores. Furthermore, a comprehensive electrochemical analysis is proposed to interpret the composition and structure of the PdAg layer. Eventually, the experimental results are quite consistent with those predicted from the electrochemical analysis.     

Characterization of La0.995Ca0.005NbO4/Ni anode functional layer by electrophoretic deposition in a La0.995Ca0.005NbO4 electrolyte based PCFC

The Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) technique has been applied to the preparation of a porous La_0.995Ca_0.005NbO₄/Ni composite anode layer, deposited on a porous pre-sintered La_0.995Ca_0.005NbO₄/Ni support. Powders of La_0.995Ca_0.005NbO₄ and NiO were suspended in a solution of acetylacetone, iodine and water. Selectivity in the composition of the deposited layer was analyzed as a function of the suspension compositions and deposition conditions. A quasi-symmetrical cell was produced by depositing La_0.995Ca_0.005NbO₄ electrolyte layer on the anode layer by EPD, and by applying a porous La_0.995Ca_0.005NbO₄/Ni counter electrode on the dense electrolyte layer by brushing. The performance of the electrodes was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3% wet H_2.     

Electrophoretic co-deposition of Bi2O3–multiwalled carbon nanotubes coating as supercapacitor electrode

Nafion is suggested as an efficient assistant in preparing supercapacitor by employing nanoparticles. In this work, using a bi-additive of 0.10-mM NaOH + 0.10 g L⁻¹ Nafion, Nafion-assisted electrophoretic co-deposition of Bi₂O₃–multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coating is successfully realized in ethanol solvent. The capacitance performances of the electrophoretic coatings in 6.0-M KOH electrolyte are investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge techniques. Comparing with Bi₂O₃ coating prepared with electrophoretic deposition (EPD) by employing other additive (such as polyethyleneimine), the Bi₂O₃ coating prepared by Nafion-assisted EPD shows a better capacitance performance. Benefiting from the improvement in coating conductivity caused by MWCNTs, with a small additional amount of 4.0 wt.%, the Bi₂O₃–MWCNTs coating exhibits an amazing 164% increase of mass-specific capacitance (473 F g⁻¹ at the current density of 1.0 A g⁻¹) in comparison with pure Bi₂O₃ coating (179 F g⁻¹ at the current density of 1.0 A g⁻¹). The cyclic stability test exhibits excellent capacitance retention of 88.7% over 3000 cycles at a constant current density of 10.0 A g⁻¹. This work combines the advantages of MWCNTs, Nafion, and EPD to provide a facile route for preparing Bi₂O₃-based coating as a high-performance supercapacitor electrode.     

Influence of electrodeposition parameters of Ni–W on Ni cathode for alkaline water electrolyser

In this study, different Ni–W coatings, obtained by cheap and technologically simple electrodeposition method, were examined as potential electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). All electrodepositions were done on a Ni mesh substrate from ammoniacal-citrate bath containing different concentrations of Na₂WO₄. The influence of deposition parameters, such as deposition current density, pH and composition of ammoniacal-citrate bath on electrocatalytic activity of obtained Ni–W coatings toward HER was examined by polarization curve measurements in 6 M KOH at room temperature. The morphology and tungsten content of the Ni–W coatings were investigated by means of SEM and EDS analysis. All investigated electrodes have shown high electrocatalytic activity for the HER. The samples obtained at higher deposition current densities had the lowest overvoltage for the HER. It has been shown that the plating bath pH value is very important parameter in obtaining active coatings. Results of the analysis of polarization curves, morphology of deposited Ni–W coatings and the content of tungsten in the coatings, indicate that the surface roughness of the coatings is responsible for their catalytic activity towards HER.