TaC涂层的氧化特征与氧化机制

用在空气中氧化、氧炔焰超高温烧蚀等方法对TaC涂层在不同温度的氧化特征与氧化机制进行研究。研究结果表明：TaC在508℃以上开始氧化,在508～690℃时氧化产物为六角Ta2O3固溶体,690～900℃时氧化产物转化为斜方Ta2O5晶体,900～1500℃时氧化产物为斜方Ta2O5,其形态为龟裂或多孔烧结态,未能形成对TaC的隔离保护膜;1500℃氧化时出现部分Ta2O5液相与Ta2O5斜方相共存的现象;在氧炔焰超高温2300℃烧蚀时形成大量的Ta2O5熔体液膜,熔体与TaC的润湿性很好。TaC涂层由低温无熔体情况下界面反应控制机制变为氧通过熔体溶解与扩散的控制机制。     

难熔金属碳化物Cr_3C_2、VC、WC、TaC、NbC及Ti(C、N)粉中硫的测定

研究了燃烧──—电导法测定金属陶瓷添加剂Cr3C2；VC；WC；TaC；NbC及Ti（C、N）粉中硫的测定条件，建立了分析方法．方法相对标准偏差5％左右，仪器的灵敏度为3X10－6，最低检测限为1ppm．     

C/C复合材料基TaC涂层低功率激光烧蚀特征

为研究TaC涂层的高温烧蚀特征和机理,用低功率激光仪对TaC涂层进行了不同时间的烧蚀试验,并用XRD,SEM等观测了该涂层在空气中的氧化与烧蚀过程。结果表明:在大气环境下激光烧蚀的开始阶段是TaC涂层的分解与游离碳向表面扩散,随即氧化生成含碳、氧、钽的熔体,随着时间的延长熔体氧化为低价的钽氧化物,最后生成Ta2O5;熔体在冷却过程中析出Ta2O5针状晶体。在熔体与TaC之间存在1～2μm由细小的晶体和孔隙组成的扩散过渡层,过渡层由碳、氧、钽组成。     

石墨表面TaC涂层的熔盐法制备及表征

目的 以K₂TaF₇和Ta粉为主要原料,在石墨材料表面制备TaC涂层。方法 反应物在1200℃的熔盐体系中保温3h,反应生成碳化物,经后续2300℃真空保温1h后,得到TaC涂层材料。采用XRD和SEM对涂层的组成结构进行表征,采用拉开法对涂层的和石墨基体的结合强度进行测量,采用纳米压痕对涂层的硬度和弹性模量进表征,最后对TaC涂层的抗腐蚀性能进行模拟测试评估和实际的SiC长晶测试。结果 熔盐法制备的TaC涂层连续地覆盖在石墨表面,保持了原始石墨的形貌,其物相组成为TaC,呈现出亮黄色,厚度为20～40μm,涂层的晶粒无择优取向生长,呈现出无序堆积的状态。TaC涂层与石墨基体的结合强度为9.49 MPa,硬度和弹性模量分别为14.42 GPa和123.32 GPa。TaC涂层样品于2 300℃的SiC腐蚀气氛环境下保温3 h,质量损失率仅为0.01 g/(m²·h),远低于同测试条件下无涂层石墨样品的质量损失率4.67 g/(m²·h)。在2 300℃氩气气氛下保温3 h的SiC粉包埋TaC涂层的接...     

Microstructure and wear resistance of TaC reinforced Ni-based coating by laser cladding

The in situ synthesized TaC particulate reinforced Ni-based composite coating was fabricated on a mild steel by laser cladding of powder mixture of Ni60 alloy powder with (Ta₂O₅ + C)-doping. The microstructure and wear resistance of the TaC/Ni60 composite coating were investigated. It is shown that the coating is bonded metallurgically to the substrate and has a homogeneous fine microstructure containing both approximate cubic TaC particle and acicular chromium carbide uniformly dispersed in the dual phase matrix of γ(Ni) solid solution and eutectic of Cr₃C₂, Fe₂B with γ(Ni). Compared to a Ni60 coating, the hardness of the TaC/Ni60 composite coating was enhanced by a factor of 1.38, could achieve a Vicker microhardness of Hv_0.31100. And the wear rate in a block on ring test against hardened steel was reduced by a factor of five. This is attributed to the presence of in situ synthesized TaC particles and their well distribution in the coating.     

Effect of boron addition on microstructure,mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of TaC ceramics

TaC ceramics with 0.03–0.60?wt% of boron additions were prepared by hot pressing at 2100?°C for 1?h under a pressure of 40?MPa. Effects of boron content on densification, phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the TaC ceramics were investigated. When the boron content was 0.12?wt% and above, full density was obtained due to reactions between boron and oxygen impurity at presence of TaC. Minor phases of TaB₂ and C were formed in the 0.24 and 0.60?wt% B compositions after gas-out of the oxygen impurity. Microstructure of the TaC ceramics was refined with increasing in boron content. The TaC ceramic with 0.24?wt% of boron showed the best mechanical properties with a Vickers hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of 17.7?GPa, 534?MPa and 4.6?MPa?m^1/2, respectively. When more boron was added, interfacial bonding of the TaC grains was strengthened causing a decrease in fracture toughness. Oxidation resistance of the TaC ceramics increased with boron content. Particularly, the 0.60?wt% B composition showed a weight gain of 0.0018?g/cm² after oxidization at 800?°C in air for 3?h.     

Sintering Mechanism and Microstructure of TaC/SiC Composites Consolidated by plasma-activated sintering

TaC/SiC composites with 5 wt% SiC addition were densified by plasma-activated sintering (PAS) at 1500–1800 °C for 5 min under 30 MPa. The effects of plasma-activated sintering on microstructures, densification and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results showed that TaC/SiC composites achieved a relative density more than 99% of the theoretical density at 1600 °C. A low eutectic liquid phase generated by the oxide on the particle surface was observed in the composite to realize a relatively low temperature sintering densification. While the TaC particle size decreased insignificantly with increasing sintering temperature, the transformation of morphology of SiC particles changing from equiaxed to elongated grain was activated, accompanying with a slight particle size decreasing of the SiC phase, thus promoting a relatively high flexural strength of 550 MPa under 1800 °C. Besides, some ultra-fine 2 nm Ta₂Si was observed in the glassy pockets, strengthening the amorphous phase and thus increasing the flexural strength.     

超高熔点TaxHf1-xC固溶陶瓷的制备工艺与性能研究进展

Ta_xHf_1-xC固溶陶瓷是碳化钽(TaC)和碳化铪(HfC)在一定条件下以任意比例形成的系列固溶体, 其熔点普遍在4000 K以上, 最高可达4300 K, 且硬度高、模量高、热导率低、抗高温氧化和抗烧蚀性能优异, 具备在极端热环境(>3000 K)下服役的潜力, 成为耐超高温材料领域的研究热点和前沿。本文综述了近年来Ta_xHf_1-xC固溶陶瓷在粉体合成技术、致密化工艺和机理、室温力学性能、热物理性能、抗氧化性能、抗烧蚀性能等方面所取得的研究进展, 分析了Ta_xHf_1-xC固溶陶瓷粉体不同合成技术的优劣及致密化的难点, 讨论了Ta_xHf_1-xC固溶陶瓷组成、结构和性能之间的相互关系。此外, 本文还指出了Ta_xHf_1-xC固溶陶瓷目前存在的挑战, 并对未来潜在的发展方向作了展望。     

Facile route to prepare TaC,NbC and WC nanoparticles

By a novel solid-state reaction process using amorphous C3N4 （α-C3N4） and transition metal oxides as starting reagents, cubic TaC, NbC and hexagonal WC nanoparticles were successfully synthesized at 1150 . The products were characterized by power X-ray diffraction （XRD）, field-emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX） transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution TEM （HRTEM）. The experimental results show that a-C3N4 obtained by the reaction between C3N3C13 and Li3N is a highly efficient carburation reagent and the transition metal oxides are completely transformed into the corresponding metal carbide nanoparticles at 1150 ℃, respectively, which is significantly lower than that reported for the traditional preparation of carbides, typically〉 1600 ℃. The TaC, NbC and WC nanoparticles are found to have an average particle size of 10 nm, 15 nm and 8 nm by TEM observation, respectively.     

Polyacrylic acid,a highly efficient dispersant for aqueous processing of tantalum carbide

Polyacrylic acid (PAA) with three different molecular weights (PAA-3000, PAA-15000, PAA-100000) was used as a dispersant to investigate the aqueous dispersion behavior of commercially available TaC powder. TaC stabilized with PAA-3000 polymer showed the best dispersion behavior according to zeta potential and rheological measurements. In addition, the TaC slurry in the presence of PAA-3000 had a minimized average particle size of merely 1.08 µm when dispersed in alkaline aqueous solutions. This was effective to break down any original agglomerates. A characteristic carboxylic peak was detected after adding PAA-3000 to the aqueous TaC system, using XPS analysis. Our TEM results confirmed that the surface properties of TaC were modified by the PAA-3000 dispersant. The slip-cast green body exhibits enhanced homogeneity compared to its dry-pressed counterpart. A dense TaC monolithic ceramic (>99%) was obtained after sintering. This study contributes to the understanding of advanced wet-forming techniques for TaC ceramics.