基于曲线拟合的毫米波雷达安装角度校准方法

毫米波雷达的安装角度校准是雷达正常使用并与摄像头进行数据融合的重要前提,雷达安装角度偏 转过大会导致雷达数据与摄像头数据融合失败,影响高级驾驶辅助系统(Advanced Driving Assistance System,ADAS) 的正常使用。文中提出一种基于曲线拟合的毫米波雷达安装角度校准方法,当车辆在道路上行驶时辅以车辆输入 的车速和偏航角信息,通过2000 个静止点进行曲线拟合得到雷达需要补偿的角度。相较于选择有护栏的道路进行 绕行和在标定场地部署角反射器进行安装角度校准的方法,这种方法适用的场景种类更多并且校准时间从15 分钟 以上缩短为5 分钟以下。经过实验验证,在花费更短时间完成校准后,校准精度与其它自校准方法相同为±5°。     

Behavioral adaptation of young and older drivers to an intersection crossing advisory system

An advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) provided information about the right of way regulation and safety to cross an upcoming intersection. Effects were studied in a longer-term study involving 18 healthy older drivers between the ages of 65 and 82 years and 18 healthy young drivers between the ages of 20 and 25 years. Participants repeatedly drove 25 km city routes in eight sessions on separate days over a period of two months in a driving simulator. In each age group, participants were randomly assigned to the control (no ADAS) and treatment (ADAS) group. The control group completed the whole experiment without the ADAS. The treatment group drove two sessions without (sessions 1 and 7) and six times with ADAS. Results indicate effects of ADAS on driving safety for young and older drivers, as intersection time and percentage of stops decreased, speed and critical intersection crossings increased, the number of crashes was lower for treatment groups than for control groups. The implications of results are discussed in terms of behavioral adaptation and safety.     

基于智能网联汽车的通信和信息安全研究

本文分析了智能网联汽车的快速发展概览,研究了智能网联汽车在车内系统、车外系统信息交互、云端系统和外部设备4个维度,详细分析了智能网联汽车通信和信息安全的漏洞与威胁风险.通过有针对性的安全防护策略,形成完整的智能网联汽车通信和信息安全的方法论.     

集成主被动式安全带的性能评估及优化分析

针对高级驾驶员辅助系统（ADAS）功能多、集成度低的情况,提出了将可逆预紧式安全带与车道偏离预警系统、前方碰撞预警系统和疲劳驾驶监测系统集成为一体的集成式主被动安全系统。在探讨了该集成系统的工作原理和控制策略基础上,通过开展志愿者实车道路实验研究了前方预警系统的碰撞时间阈值、安全带预紧力以及安全带预紧时产生的噪声三个因素对乘员主观感受的影响。对志愿者的主观评价和实验数据的对比分析表明：该集成系统的控制策略逻辑合理,在各个工况下能够主动触发以提醒和约束乘员;但是初期由于预警提醒的频次过高和噪声较大影响了乘员的驾驶体验。经过降低预警系统碰撞时间阈值和优化调整安全带的传动结构,提高了乘员的驾驶体验。该集成式主动安全系统可有效地辅助驾驶员驾驶,且满足乘员的主观可接受度。     

A real-time online data acquisition system for Dragon-I linear induction accelerator

An extensible high-speed accelerator data acquisition system (ADAS) for the Dragon-I linear induction accelerator has been developed.It comprises a VXI crate,a controller,four data acquisition plug-ins,and a host computer.A digital compensation algorithm is used to compensate for the distortion of high-speed signals arising from longdistance transmission.Compared with the traditional oscilloscope wall,ADAS has significant improvements in system integration,automation,and reliability.It achieves unified management of data acquisition and waveform monitoring and performs excellently with a 107-ps high-accuracy trigger and 32-channel signal monitoring.In this paper,we focus on the system architecture and hardware design of the ADAS,realization of the trigger,and digital compensation algorithm.     

高级驾驶辅助系统热仿真

文中对某高级驾驶辅助系统（Advanced Driving Assistance System, ADAS）硬件做了详细的热仿真。首先对前视摄像头、美化罩及乘员舱做了大空间自然对流简化,同时根据流动轨迹确定了美化罩最优的进风孔和出风孔开孔方式,然后根据主动安全域控制器的仿真结果得到了域控制器最优的安装位置和安装空间。介绍了芯片结温的计算方法,根据结温判断芯片是否满足散热设计要求。最后对热仿真和热测试得到的关键器件壳温做了对比,结果表明热仿真的相对误差小于3%。文中的仿真方法和结果可为ADAS硬件的散热设计和可靠性评估提供参考。     

Driver usage and understanding of adaptive cruise control

Automation, in terms of systems such as adaptive/active cruise control (ACC) or collision warning systems, is increasingly becoming a part of everyday driving. These systems are not perfect though, and the driver has to be prepared to reclaim control in situations very similar to those the system easily handles by itself. This paper uses a questionnaire answered by 130 ACC users to discuss future research needs in the area of driver assistance systems. Results show that the longer drivers use their systems, the more aware of its limitations they become. Moreover, the drivers report that ACC forces them to take control intermittently. According to theory, this might actually be better than a more perfect system, as it provides preparation for unexpected situations requiring the driver to reclaim control.     

A real-time online data acquisition system for Dragon-Ⅰ linear induction accelerator

An extensible high-speed accelerator data acquisition system (ADAS) for the Dragon-Ⅰ linear induction accelerator has been developed.It comprises a ⅤⅪ crate,a controller,four data acquisition plug-ins,and a host computer.A digital compensation algorithm is used to compensate for the distortion of high-speed signals arising from longdistance transmission.Compared with the traditional oscilloscope wall,ADAS has significant improvements in system integration,automation,and reliability.It achieves unified management of data acquisition and waveform monitoring and performs excellently with a 107-ps high-accuracy trigger and 32-channel signal monitoring.In this paper,we focus on the system architecture and hardware design of the ADAS,realization of the trigger,and digital compensation algorithm.     

基于 ADAS 平台的下线标定系统设计与实现

标定是汽车驾驶辅助系统中至关重要的一环,为了使驾驶辅助系统更加精确地感知目标,提升汽车驾驶主动安全性,设计了一种针对摄像头和毫米波雷达的多传感器下线标定系统;该系统通过利用摄像头和毫米波雷达自身结构特性建立数学模型,计算出各传感器的外部参数,将不同传感器感知的目标数据转换到一个统一的世界坐标系下,实现了摄像头和毫米波雷达的单独标定和联合标定;采用了基于CAN总线的UDS诊断服务作为通信媒介,实现了会话控制、安全访问、待机握手、例行程序控制等诊断服务,设计了符合前装量产标准的下线标定流程;为方便产线工人操作和简化前装量产中的操作步骤,设计了专门针对前装量产场景下的上位机标定软件;经过实验测试验证了该下线标定系统的可靠性、实时性和准确性,标定之后的测距误差均值在0.25m附近,毫米波雷达投影点与图像检测框坐标匹配的比率是93.2%,可以满足汽车辅助驾驶系统中摄像头和毫米波雷达感知精度的要求。     

金属耗能器的类型、性能及工程应用

金属耗能器是利用金属不同形式的弹塑性滞回变形来消耗能量。近年来，国内外研究开发了许多不同类型的金属耗能器，其中一些类型的金属滞回耗能器已在新建建筑和抗震加固工程中得到应用。本文介绍了几种应用较为广泛的新型金属耗能器的原理、构造、性能以及在实际工程的应用，并提出了今后需进一步研究解决的问题。