计费帐务系统发展趋势分析

计费帐务系统作为业务运营支撑系统的重要组成部分。其发展方向日益受到运营商的关注。通过对计量帐务系统的研究，首先介绍了传统计费模式的现状以及存在的问题，然后结合各大公司产品对计责帐务系统的关键技术进行了分析，最后提出未来计费帐务系统的特征及对其发展趋势的展望。     

ASON网络业务及要求

电信网发展正在由技术驱动向业务驱动演进。ASON第一次将控制层面引入了传送网，利用控制层面和分布在各传送设备的智能单元可以更方便地提供业务。本介绍了ASON的业务类型、业务等级、接入方法等属性，并重点介绍了几种业务模型实例及应用，对ASON管理平面对业务的管理进行了讨论，最后对业务的应用和ASON网络发展影响进行了探讨。     

基于单片机的多功能充电器的设计与实现

本课题主要研究基于单片机的多功能充电器,解决对不同电池的快速充电。通过对ATmega8的深入研究,利用它的高性能,设计完全实现了电池充电器设计的功能。本设计可以通过按键切换,对的密封铅酸电池(SLA)和镍镉电池(NiCd)进行充电,并通过LCD清楚地看到其充电状态。同时利用放大电路和Atmega8本身的AD转换器显示对电池电压和电流的实时测量,以较好的控制充电过程,保护电池。     

Challenges in real-time virtualization and predictable cloud computing

Cloud computing and virtualization technology have revolutionized general-purpose computing applications in the past decade. The cloud paradigm offers advantages through reduction of operation costs, server consolidation, flexible system configuration and elastic resource provisioning. However, despite the success of cloud computing for general-purpose computing, existing cloud computing and virtualization technology face tremendous challenges in supporting emerging soft real-time applications such as online video streaming, cloud-based gaming, and telecommunication management. These applications demand real-time performance in open, shared and virtualized computing environments. This paper identifies the technical challenges in supporting real-time applications in the cloud, surveys recent advancement in real-time virtualization and cloud computing technology, and offers research directions to enable cloud-based real-time applications in the future.     

多拓扑路由实现IP网络区分服务的优化算法*

在IP网络使用多拓扑技术对不同业务区分服务和路由优化的背景下,提出一种改进的链路权重优化启发式算法,在一定条件下以一定概率接受非可行解,从而引入松弛机制扩大候选解范围,避免搜索陷入局部最优。在仿真中将所提出的算法和已有算法进行了比较,结果证明该算法能够为每个高优先级需求的服务层协定（SLA）提供保证,有效降低全网总时延或提高网络吞吐量。     

基于输出理论的教学模式研究

以二语习得理论为出发点,输出理论为基础,研究能够有效提高学习者二语习得的教学模式。首先阐释了输出理论和输入理论的关系以及研究输出理论的重要性,其次分析了输出理论在二语习得中的重要作用,然后探讨了以输出理论为基础的教学模式,旨在提高二语教学水平和学习者二语习得能力。     

Negotiating SLAs-An Approach for a Generic Negotiation Framework for WS-Agreement

The current Web Services Agreement specification draft proposes a simple request-response protocol for agreement creation only addressing bilateral offer exchanges. This paper proposes a framework augmenting this WS-Agreement to enable negotiations according to a variety of bilateral and multilateral negotiation protocols. The framework design is based on a thorough analysis of taxonomies for negotiations from the literature in order to allow for capturing a variety of different negotiation models within a single, WS-Agreement compatible, framework. In order to provide for the intended flexibility, the proposed protocol takes a two-stage approach: a meta-protocol is conducted among interested parties to agree on a common negotiation protocol first before the real negotiation is carried out in the second step due to the protocol established in the first step.     

基于WS-Agreement的资源预留与QoS监控框架

目前还没有遵循OGSA/WSRF规范的网格服务中间件能够很好地支持基于QoS协商的网格资源管理,因此重点研究了如何设计一个执行服务级协定（SLA）的框架,能够在网格中协商资源预留和任务执行期间对所在资源的QoS监控。首先通过定义资源预留的XML Schema,使得资源请求者和提供者基于WS-Agreement能够协商包含关于资源预留的协定;然后遵循WSRF及WS-*规范设计和开发出一组Web服务用于构建一个基于WS-Agreement的资源预留与QoS监控框架（RMF）,并将其集成到Globus资源管理模型中;最后通过理论分析和模拟实验评估了RMF的综合性能。     

面向云计算的虚拟机动态迁移框架

根据云计算平台的特点,提出一种新型虚拟机动态迁移框架,并在Xen和KVM这2种典型的开源虚拟机监控器基础上,实现原型系统。测试结果表明,在不同类型计算资源的环境下,该动态迁移框架具有良好的性能,能够对动态迁移进行实时控制,从而满足服务等级协议的要求。     

Dynamic SLAs management in service oriented environments

The increasing adoption of service oriented architectures across different administrative domains, forces service providers to use effective mechanisms and strategies of resource management in order for them to be able to guarantee the quality levels their customers demands during service provisioning. Service level agreements (SLA) are the most common mechanism used to establish agreements on the quality of a service (QoS) between a service provider and a service consumer. The WS-Agreement specification, developed by the Open Grid Forum, is a Web Service protocol to establish agreements on the QoS level to be guaranteed in the provision of a service. The committed agreement cannot be modified during service provision and is effective until all activities pertaining to it are finished or until one of the signing party decides to terminate it. In B2B scenarios where several service providers are involved in the composition of a service, and each of them plays both the parts of provider and customer, several one-to-one SLAs need to be signed. In such a rigid context the global QoS of the final service can be strongly affected by any violation on each single SLA. In order to prevent such violations, SLAs need to adapt to any possible needs that might come up during service provision. In this work we focus on the WS-Agreement specification and propose to enhance the flexibility of its approach. We integrate new functionality to the protocol that enable the parties of a WS-Agreement to re-negotiate and modify its terms during the service provision, and show how a typical scenario of service composition can benefit from our proposal.