超高回采巷道顶部柔膜袋快速充填技术

针对阳泉煤业集团南庄煤矿8836运输巷局部超高,威胁安全生产的问题,实测了3个充填区域,设计了顶部柔膜袋快速充填方案,并进行了现场试验。结果表明:高水充填材料具备速凝早强特性,2 h强度1.25 MPa,28 d强度3.98 MPa,材料消耗约305 kg/m^3;效果考察表明,在工作面超前区,充填体下方单体柱受力均匀、明显,充填体接顶充分,工作面后方充填体垮落效果良好,未形成悬顶。     

15层全剪力墙结构居民楼定向爆破拆除

介绍了复杂环境下15层居民楼的定向爆破拆除案例,根据工程特点及周围环境制定了向西南方向倒塌的爆破方案。对1层⁵层非承重墙、楼梯进行局部预拆除;采用重心移出的方法计算爆破高度;计算了楼房的质量,用来确定预留墙体的面积;采用多重闭合电-非电复式起爆网路。通过合理的方案设计和参数选取,取得了良好的爆破效果,塌落振动未对周围建筑产生影响,可为类似工程提供参考。     

46700m~2楼房一次爆破拆除

东北汽配城为框架结构,总建筑面积46700m2,周边环境非常复杂。该建筑物共有260根柱子,断面尺寸不尽相同。按建筑伸缩缝将楼房分为5个部分,分别采用了原地坍塌、定向倾倒、折叠倾倒一次控制爆破技术,并将土石方爆破的斜线起爆技术用于拆除爆破。由于爆破设计、施工及安全措施得当,爆破获得圆满成功。     

渫水皂市水利枢纽坝区崩塌堆积体发育特征及防治对策

皂市水利枢纽库坝区有较大规模的崩塌堆积体5处。根据设计方案，导流隧洞、下游护岸、右岸上坝公路等工程，都不可避免会对崩塌堆积体前缘进行扰动，其稳定性受工程建设影响较大。根据危险性进行现状及预测评估结果，5处崩塌堆积体天然状态下处于基本稳定状态，现状评估危险性指数N=4，现状危险性小．但水利枢纽建设将影响它的稳定性，预测评估危险性指数N=4．5～6．7，预测危险性中等。因此需要采取工程处理措施。     

反倾岩石边坡变形破坏试验及有限元分析

根据相似理论建立地质力学模型,研究反倾层状边坡岩体的变形破坏机制。介绍了模型试验的设计和过程,研究了原型边坡的变形破坏机制和岩层倾角对边坡稳定性的影响。同时进行了Ansys模拟计算。通过比较这两种研究方法的结果,发现反倾层状边坡岩体的变形机制为倾倒变形,破坏模式为弯折破坏;破坏首先在坡顶产生,边坡变形加速的过程是在开挖结束一段时间后才出现;岩层倾角的变化对反倾边坡的变形影响不敏感,但对边坡变形加速持续时间的长短有较大的影响,岩层倾角越小,变形加速所持续的时间越长。     

湖北大冶鸡冠嘴金矿岩溶塌陷成因分析

本文以矿区工程实例为基础提出了三种岩溶塌陷的盖层地质概化模型．并对每一种模型的致塌机制进行了分析。提出了综合防治措施。     

玲珑金矿255巷道注浆加固技术

巷道的塌陷破坏是矿山中常见问题之一,不同的地质情况下,采用的治理方法也各不相同。本文分析了玲珑金矿255巷道塌陷机理,采用“拱桥法”注浆加固技术,通过合理选择注浆压力等工艺参数、对注浆加固过程进行优化控制,使玲珑金矿255新、旧巷道治理后已经恢复生产。实践证明,拱桥法注浆加固技术是一种行之有效的巷道加固方法。     

Energy absorption of axially compressed thin-walled square tubes with patterns

The paper suggests the introduction of patterns to the surface of conventional thin-walled square tubes to improve the energy absorption capacity under axial compressive loads. A quasi-static axial crushing analysis has been conducted numerically by the nonlinear explicit finite element code LS-DYNA. Two types of patterns constructed using the basic pyramid elements were introduced. Type A pattern was aimed at triggering the extensional mode for relatively thin square tubes whereas type B pattern was intended to develop new collapse mode capable of absorbing more energy during collapse. A total of 30 tubes with a length of 120 mm, thickness 1.2 mm and widths of 40 or 60 mm were simulated. Numerical results showed that all tubes with type A patterns developed the extensional collapse mode instead of the symmetric collapse mode and absorbed about 15–32.5% more energy than conventional thin-walled square tubes with a mass increase less than 5%. Meanwhile, a new collapse mode named octagonal collapse mode was observed for tubes with type B pattern and the energy absorption of tubes developing this mode increased by 54–93% compared with the conventional tube. The influence of various configurations of the patterns on the deformation and energy absorption of the tubes was also discussed. The paper opens up a new avenue in design of high energy absorption components.     

The culture gap and its needed closures

The development of an enormous culture gap, in which no individuals of advanced societies possess even a billionth of the non‐genetic information possessed by their entire society, has threatened a global collapse of civilisation. Critical parts of that gap must be rapidly bridged so that problems such as climate disruption, toxification of the Earth, loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and the decay of the epidemiological environment can be satisfactorily attacked. The essential need is to alter human behaviour to put society on a route to sustainability; one cheering development is a growing interest in the Millennium Assessment of Human Behaviour (MAHB), whose goal is to do just that.     

井壁失稳风险的可靠度理论评价方法

国内外学者针对井壁稳定的问题已经开展了较为深入的研究,建立了多种经验模型、解析模型和数值模拟方法,但针对输入参数的不确定性及其对井壁稳定分析结果影响的研究则较少、认识尚不明确。为此,以井壁稳定力学解析模型为基础,结合可靠度理论下的一次二阶矩方法,建立了基于可靠度理论的井壁失稳风险评价方法,研究了不同钻井液当量密度下的井壁稳定可靠概率,并考察了参数不确定程度对井壁稳定分析结果的影响规律。研究结果表明:①井壁稳定输入参数的分布规律基本满足正态分布,变异系数越高,则样本数据的不确定性越强,对井壁稳定分析结果的影响将更加显著;②随着钻井液当量密度的增加,井壁垮塌的概率逐渐降低,但井壁被压漏的概率也逐渐增加,在井壁坍塌和破裂可靠概率曲线交点以下能够找到一个合适的安全窗口;③各地质因素不确定性对井眼稳定的影响顺序为:地应力孔隙压力岩石强度。结论认为,在井壁稳定分析中准确确定地应力的大小、降低其不确定程度的影响,可以提高井壁稳定评价的准确性。