三端星型柔性直流配电系统的启停、协调控制

为实现三端星型柔性直流配电系统定直流电压端、定功率端、直流变压器端有序启动,首先设计了系统的启动控制策略,同时设计了功率可控端功率按既定斜率下降的停运控制策略。其次,提出了柔性直流配电系统的协调控制策略,在直流变压器低压侧的不同元件投切时,利用储能装置抑制功率波动,以实现元件的平滑投退。最后,通过RTDS仿真,结果表明所提控制策略能实现柔性直流配电系统的有序启动、协调运行和平滑停运。     

Active-reactive scheduling of activedistribution system considering interactiveload and battery storage

The increasing penetration of inverter-based distributed generations (DGs) significantly affects the fault characteristics of distribution networks. Fault analysis is a keystone for suitable protection scheme design. This paper presents the modelling methodology for distribution networks with inverter-based DGs and performs fault simulation based on the model. Firstly, a single inverter-based DG model based on the cascaded control structure is developed. Secondly, a simulation model of distribution network with two inverter-based DGs is established. Then, different fault simulations are performed based on the Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Theoretical analyses are conducted to justify the simulation results, including the equivalent circuit of distribution networks with inverter-based DGs and the solution method for loop currents     

向家坝800MW发电机过励限制器的剖析及试验

分析了过励限制器的功能特点和设计要求,提出了向家坝水电站800MW发电机过励限制器模型。通过RTDS仿真试验和动态数据分析,总结了过励限制器与过励保护、强励限制和发电机过负荷保护配合的技术特点,对大容量发电机组过励限制器应用提供了借鉴和参考。     

Geographically distributed real-time digital simulations using linear prediction

Real-time (RT) simulator is a powerful tool for analyzing operational and control algorithms in electric power systems engineering. For understanding the dynamic and transient behavior of a power systems, significant RT computation capabilities are essential. A single unit of RT simulator has limited simulation capabilities. The most common way of augmenting simulation capability is using a bank of locally connected RT simulators. However, creating a large-sized bank of RT simulators involves significant financial investments and hence may not be feasible at all research facilities. Power and energy systems research facilities that use RT simulators are at diverse physical locations. In addition to RT simulators, research facilities around the world house an array of facilities with unique power, energy, and control systems for innovative research. To leverage these unique research facilities, geographically distributed RT simulation based on Wide Area Network (WAN) is required. Typical RT simulators perform simulations with time-steps in the order of milliseconds to microseconds, whereas data latency for communication on WAN may be as high as a few hundred milliseconds. Such communication latency between RT simulators may lead to inaccuracies and instabilities in geographically distributed RT simulations. In this paper, the effect of communication latency on geographically distributed RT simulation is discussed and analyzed. In order to reduce the effect of the communication latency, a Real-Time Predictor (RTP), based on linear curve fitting is developed and integrated into the distributed RT simulation environment. Two geographically distributed digital RT simulators are used to perform dynamic simulations of an electric power system with a fixed communication latency and the predictor. Empirical results demonstrate the effects of communication latency on the simulation and the performance of the RTP to improve the accuracy of simulations.     

“风火打捆”交直流外送系统的暂态稳定控制研究

"风火打捆"交直流外送是未来千万千瓦级风电能源基地电力外送的重要方式之一,亟需掌握"风火打捆"交直流外送系统的稳定特性及其机理。功角是反映系统暂态稳定性的主要标志,分析了双馈电机的功角快变特性和"风火打捆"系统等值机械转动惯量对火电机组功角暂态稳定性的影响。针对系统的暂态稳定性问题,提出了一种附加控制策略,并设计出控制装置样机,可提高"风火打捆"系统的暂态稳定性。基于所提附加控制策略的试验样机通过了实时数字仿真器(Real Time Digital Simulator,RTDS)的闭环验证,结果表明:该附加控制策略通过改变直流输送功率和调节风机的有功输出,消除或减小了系统在暂态过程中的瞬时不平衡功率,增强了直流系统和风机对火电机组的等效阻尼作用,有效抑制了火电机组的功角摇摆幅度,提高了"风火打捆"系统的暂态稳定性。     

高压直流输电系统直流差动保护的改进及仿真

2012年9月12日楚穗特高压直流发生了因穗东站交流系统接地故障导致的直流差动保护（87DCM）动作跳闸事件,暴露出原87DCM保护不仅定值偏小、延时较短,而且逻辑算法中有积分特性,不能满足区外故障时正确不动作的要求。为了提高保护的可靠性,设计了无积分特性且具有告警段、速动段、灵敏段的三段式87DCM保护,并提出了各段定值的整定原则。利用RTDS对改进后的87DCM保护进行了校核,结果表明该保护满足选择性、可靠性、灵敏性、速动性要求。目前该保护已在高肇、兴安、楚穗、牛从、普侨直流工程中全面实施应用。     

基于RTDS的风电场等值建模与验证分析

针对风电场运行条件复杂、运行工况动态变化导致风电场输出功率的分散性问题,采用数理统计方法对风电场外特性进行稳态等值,考虑到大型风电场所处地形复杂、机群分布不规则带来的风速差异性问题,以风电场内长时间尺度实测风速数据作为特征变量,采用改进动态聚类算法进行机群划分,进而基于风电场参数对等值机模型的参数进行聚合辨识。基于RTDS实时数字建模及仿真试验分析结果表明,建立的风电场等值模型能够准确地反映风电场在不同风速及电网侧短路故障下的动态特性,可用于含双馈风电机组风电场接入电力系统稳定性分析。     

新东直流送端被动孤岛运行的逻辑判别优化

直流在孤岛运行方式下送端为弱交流系统,安全稳定控制对电网的稳定运行十分重要。分析了新东直流输电处于孤岛方式运行下的控制策略,结合新东直流安稳控制策略的验证,开展了RTDS仿真试验,并针对试验中暴露出的现有稳控系统对小孤岛状态判别的缺陷,深入分析了稳控系统中电厂稳控装置动作的原理,提出了优化的小孤岛判别方法,并验证了该方法的有效性。所提方法对于稳控系统测试标准化具有重要的借鉴意义。     

云广特高压直流输电工程送端孤岛频率控制分析

直流工程用于远离主干网架的水电站或火电厂的电力送出时,送端交流系统形成相对独立的“孤岛”。利用实时数字仿真器和控制保护系统SIMATIC TDC,对云南-广东特高压直流工程孤岛运行方式下的直流频率控制功能进行了仿真分析。针对在仿真过程中发现的频率控制功能所存在的缺陷进行了分析,提出了改进措施,并通过仿真验证了改进措施的有效性。     

基于RTDS的统一潮流控制器的建模与仿真

介绍了UPFC和RTDS的仿真应用情况,然后设计了UPFC的控制器的各个模块,其中包括脉冲信号调制模块、并联侧控制模块和串联侧控制模块,最后在RTDS中搭建了UPFC的仿真系统对UPFC进行仿真,并对其功率调节能力和电压调节能力进行了分析,验证了该模型的正确性.