基于改进下垂控制的多微网并联运行控制策略研究

多微网并联的电网系统结构复杂、连接方式多样,在并网、解列的过程中由于子微网之间的频率和电压偏差,会在平衡点产生较大的电动力,对系统产生冲击,影响系统的动态稳定。本文针对多微网并网、解列过程中控制精度和动态稳定的问题,基于长距离线路电压降落和电压相角偏移,提出了一种改进的下垂控制方法,减少了系统的电压震荡和频率波动。最后基于Matlab/Simulink建立仿真模型,仿真结果验证了改进控制策略的合理性和有效性。     

多能源微网参与电-气多能源市场的多主体主从博弈交易策略

针对多能源微网（MEMGs）具有丰富可调节资源的特点,基于区域电-气综合能源系统中配-微网络间不同层级的能源交互特性,提出一种MEMGs参与多能源市场的交易框架和多主体主从博弈的交易模型。通过MEMGs策略性参与区域能源市场交易,降低各主体购能成本,实现多个能源市场下多主体互动交易。将配电系统运营商和配气系统运营商视为领导者、各个多能源微网运营商（MEMGO）视为跟随者,以配电网节点边际电价和配气网节点边际气价作为各MEMGO的能源结算价格,构建考虑MEMGs参与电-气多能源市场的多主体主从博弈交易模型;在证明该模型存在Stackelberg均衡解的基础上,通过交替方向乘子法求解所提模型以保证各主体的信息私密性;通过REGESE13-G7和REGESE123-G20测试系统验证了所提多主体交易策略的可行性和有效性。     

考虑节点边际电价的配电网与多微电网双层鲁棒经济调度

可再生能源出力的不确定性给市场定价机制带来了挑战,实现市场参与者的利益均衡分配成为亟待解决的关键问题。提出一种计及风电出力不确定性的节点边际电价市场出清机制。建立配电网与多微电网协调优化调度的双层模型,上层模型为考虑风电出力及功率交互不确定性的配电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型,下层模型为考虑电价型需求响应的微电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型。通过配电网与微电网之间功率交互与电价信息的传递进行上、下层模型的迭代求解,实现不同市场参与者的利益均衡分配。测试系统的仿真结果验证了所提模型及求解方法的有效性。     

配电网故障情况下多微网互联能力分析

配电网故障时,可以通过多微电网互联供电进行黑启动,恢复重要非故障区域的供电。并网时,微电网群工作在与配网同步的工作模式;配电网故障时,各微电网将分别工作在不同的孤网状态。由于微电网内部的微源特性、负荷特性等存在巨大差异,因而在多微电网互联实现配电网黑启动和非故障区域恢复供电之前,需要对多微电网的互联能力进行分析,以保证多微电网互联后微电网群的安全运行。从多微电网互联后系统的频率稳定和备用容量调节能力角度对多微电网的互联能力进行了分析,提出了相应的互联判据;搭建了仿真模型,对多微电网互联后的动态过程进行验证,结果验证为实现多微电网互联提供理论支撑。     

MPC-Based Distributed Control for Intelligent Energy Management of AC Microgrids

Abstract

Power scheduling of distributed storage devices and renewable energy resources in microgrids is crucial for their reliable and optimal operation. Conventionally, the power scheduling problem is solved with a centralized energy management control, which has access to all the information from the overall system. This type of control has limitations related to computational burden, communication latencies, and missing information. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper is to propose a distributed energy management strategy, to reduce the operational cost of microgrids, and to enhance the computation time. The strategy is formulated based on the model predictive control method since it allows the control action in the current time-step to be optimized while taking into account the future time-steps. Outputs of the energy management system are the optimal power references generated for all energy resources based on the system’s demand, constraints, and objective functions. To illustrate the effectiveness of the distributed model predictive control, the proposed algorithm is validated through simulation, on a microgrid candidate via MATLAB/Simulink, and controller hardware-in-the-loop experiment on a LabVIEW platform using National Instruments control devices (myRIO). The results will show the computation time in the distributed IEM method is improved compared to centralized IEM. Additionally, the results will show the robustness of the distributed IEM in the plug and play scenario.     

Bilinear Control for Three-Phase Microgrids: A Proportional-Integral Passivity-Based Design

Abstract

A bilinear PI control based on passivity theory for the adequate integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in ac microgrids is presented in this paper. DERs are integrated into the grid by voltage source converters (VSC), the most common and suitable technology for this type of application. The proposed control guarantees asymptotically stable operation for the dynamical system under closed-loop operating scenarios via Hamiltonian and Lyapunov formulations. ZP load models and π-model of the transmission lines are considered in the stability analysis of the microgrid. Conventional PI control is also implemented for comparative purposes. Simulation results in Matlab/Simulink demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed control’s performance in a radial microgrid composed of a photovoltaic generator, a supercapacitor energy storage (SCES) system and unbalanced loads.     

基于不动点映射的多微网与配电网主从博弈定价策略及均衡求解方法

随着配电侧微电网接入数量的逐年提升和市场化改革的推进,开展多微网与配电网的协同优化定价问题具有重要意义。针对该问题,本文提出基于不动点映射的主从博弈定价策略,并分析系统博弈均衡状态的求解方法。首先,建立含多微网接入的配电网二阶锥最优潮流模型,并推导其等价的对偶模型以获得准确的节点边际电价。其次,考虑储能、分布式光伏和弹性负荷的协调,建立基于价格响应的微网群运行优化模型。最后,基于不动点理论描述含多微网的配电系统定价策略,利用基于外推改进的最佳响应算法进行求解实现博弈均衡,并基于压缩映射定理证明所提算法的收敛性。基于改进IEEE-33节点配电系统案例的仿真结果表明,所提方法能够有效求解多主体博弈问题并获得均衡解,且具有更高的求解效率。     

Topology-independent end-to-end learning model for improving the voltage profile in microgrids-integrated power distribution networks

With multiple microgrids (MGs) integrated into power distribution networks in a distributed manner, the penetration of renewable energy like photovoltaic (PV) power generation surges. However, the operation of power distribution networks is challenged by the issues of multiple power flow directions and voltage security. Accordingly, an efficient voltage control strategy is needed to ensure voltage security against ever-changing operating conditions, especially when the network topology information is absent or inaccurate. In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven voltage profile improvement model, denoted as system-wide composite adaptive network (SCAN), which depends on operational data instead of network topology details in the context of power distribution networks integrated with multiple MGs. Unlike existing studies that realize topology identification and decision-making optimization in sequence, the proposed end-to-end model determines the optimal voltage control decisions in one shot. More specifically, the proposed model consists of four modules, Pre-training Network and modified interior point methods with adversarial networks (Modified IPMAN) as core modules, and discriminator generative adversarial network (Dis-GAN) and Volt convolutional neural network (Volt-CNN) as ancillary modules. In particular, the generator in SCAN is trained by the core modules in sequence so as to form an end-to-end mode from data to decision. Numerical experiments based on IEEE 33-bus and 123-bus systems have validated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.     

双有源桥DC-DC变换器H∞混合灵敏度控制及优化

以双有源桥DC-DC变换器（DAB）为研究对象,针对交直流微网中因可再生能源的波动性和随机性、测量误差、运行工况变化等原因所导致的参数摄动问题,提出基于差分进化算法（DE）优化的H_∞混合灵敏度鲁棒控制（H_∞-MSC）策略。通过选取合适的加权函数对系统不同频段特性进行规划,得到理想的动态性能及鲁棒性能,并针对加权函数难以选取的缺点,采用DE算法对选择过程进行优化,通过迭代寻优匹配最佳控制器参数,改进H_∞-MSC算法。最后,通过半实物实验对比例积分（PI）单移相控制算法和DE-H_∞-MSC算法进行对比分析。研究结果表明,DE-H_∞-MSC算法能有效增强DAB系统的动态性能和鲁棒性能,可提高微电网系统运行的稳定性。     

基于无源性的直流微电网并联变换器控制策略

针对可再生能源聚合而形成带混合负载的直流微电网稳定性与协调性问题,提出一种将无源控制与改进非线性干扰观测器前馈补偿相结合的新型控制算法,在消除恒功率负载对直流微电网的影响的同时提高了系统鲁棒性,再利用线路阻抗补偿来改善分流精度与实现电压无偏差。该文利用Matlab/Simulink搭建并联DC-DC变换器仿真模型进行验证,通过对比传统无源控制与比例积分调节的无源控制表明,提出的控制策略抑制了恒功率负载与线路阻抗对直流微电网的影响。最后,在Opal-RT半实物实验平台验证了该策略的有效性。