Capacitive measuring system for two-phase flow monitoring. Part 1: Hardware design and evaluation

Two-phase flows are commonly found in many industrial applications, such as oil and gas production. The monitoring of such flows is performed either in field applications or in pilot plant studies. In both cases, simple and robust measuring techniques are required. Capacitive probes have been applied for void fraction measurement in pipes in research and industry. However, capacitive measuring systems applied so far are tailored for specific applications and may not be easily adaptable. In addition, more and more soft-computing methods are applied for advanced data processing and parameter extraction which requires more computational power of sensor systems for online data processing. We develop a capacitive system provided with a microcontroller in which necessary routines for data processing may be embedded. System design is detailed explained and system's performance is evaluated, showing appropriate accuracy and time response for the investigation of two-phase flows.     

Data driven nonparametric identification and model based control of glucose-insulin process in type 1 diabetics

Closed loop control of glucose homeostasis via subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring system can give better living to a type 1 diabetic patient. This paper deals with the real time implementation of internal model control (IMC) of subcutaneous insulin infusion. The model based control is applied on the nonparametric model of the patient identified in real time from input–output data. Meal simulation model of the glucose-insulin system of type 1 diabetic patient based on the work of Dalla Man et. al. is considered. This model is constructed in hardware platform that acts as the virtual patient. The data-driven nonparametric model of the virtual patient is identified in real time by computing Volterra kernels. The kernels are solved up to second order using recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm with short memory length of M = 2. The validation results of the identified model output and the actual output have shown good fit in both simulation and real time environments. The frequency domain kernels are used in internal model control to generate insulin dosage. The control algorithm is developed in simulation and implemented in real time with hardware in loop on dSPACE platform. The closed loop system yields good meal disturbance rejection, less undershoots, settling time and more profoundly smaller requirement of insulin infusion as compared to the earlier reported data.     

KINCO总线型触摸屏在电动大巴行业的应用

本文主要介绍KINCO总线型触摸屏在电动大巴电池管理系统中的应用。在这个控制系统中,触摸屏和微控制器通过CAN总线通信并完成电池组相关信息的数据采集。触摸屏监控到的主要参数：系统电压、系统电流、电池容量、电池温度、报警故障等。     

Prediction of calcium concentration in human blood serum using an artificial neural network

A predictive method, based on artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed to study absorbance and pH effects on the equilibrium of blood serum. This strategy has been used to analyze serum samples and to predict the calcium concentration in blood serum. A dedicated data acquisition system is designed and fabricated using a LPC2106 microcontroller with light emitting diode (LED) as source and photodiode as sensor to measure absorbance and to calculate the calcium concentration. A multilayer neural network with back propagation (BP) training algorithm is used to simulate different concentration of calcium (Ca²⁺) as a function of absorbance and pH, to correlate and predict calcium concentration. The computed calcium concentration by neural network is quite satisfactory with correlations R² = 0.998 and 0.995, standard errors of 0.0127 and 0.0122 in validation and testing stages respectively. Statistical analysis are carried out to check the accuracy and precision of the proposed ANN model and validation of results produce a relative error of about 3%. These results suggest that ANN can be efficiently applied and is in good agreement with values obtained with the current clinical spectrophotometric methods. Hence, ANN can be used as a complementary tool for studying metal ion complexion, with special attention to the blood serum analysis.     

同步仿生机械臂设计

本设计利用安装在人手臂部的加速度传感器采集运动信号,单片机智能运算后发出控制指令,实现机械臂与人臂的同步运动。系统将在采集传感器的输出模拟量经过单片机的处理产生PWM波,使用PWM波驱动舵机实现准确定位,使机械臂实现三自由度的运动。而且还可通过编程和仿生来完成各种预期的作业任务,在构造和性能上兼有人和机器各自的优点,体现了人的智能和适应性。     

带有太阳能充电功能的蔬菜大棚温度检测装置研究

基于C51单片机和PT100温度检测技术,设计了一种带有太阳能充电功能的大棚温度自动检测装置。该装置由太阳能电池板、A/D转换器、蓄电池、单片机、温度检测电路等模块组成。通过PT100热电阻桥式测温电路,对大棚温度进行实时监测;利用单片机控制技术实现太阳能电池板和蓄电池之间的充放电管理;利用八位点阵终端显示实时温度值。通过实验验证装置性能稳定,运行良好。     

A new wireless asynchronous data communications module for industrial applications

All the sensors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure used in industry provide analog outputs as inputs for their control units. Wireless transmission of the data has advantages on wired transmission such as USB port, parallel port and serial port and therefore has great importance for industrial applications. In this work, a new wireless asynchronous data communications module has been developed to send the earth magnetic field data around a ferromagnetic material detected by a KMZ51 AMR sensor. The transmitter module transmits the analog data obtained from a source to a computer environment where they are stored and then presented in a graphical form. In this design, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) transceiver working at the frequency of 433.92 MHz which is a frequency inside the so called Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM band) used for wireless communications. The analog data first fed into a 10-bit ADC controlled by a PIC microcontroller and then the digital data is sent to the transmitter. A preamble bit string is added in front of the data bits and another bit string for achieving synchronization and determination the start of the data is used. The data arriving at the receiver is taken by the microcontroller and sent to a LCD display as well as the serial port of a computer where it is written in a text file. A Visual Basic based graphics interface is designed to receive, store and present the data in the form of graphical shapes. In the paper, all the work has been explained in detail.     

一种单片称重系统电子设计与实现

国内从20世纪60年代中期开始模拟指针式电子秤的研制和生产,经历了模拟式电子秤、数字式电子秤和微机式电子秤三个阶段,功能上包括各种参数的设定、自动处理及毛重、净重、皮重和累加值的显示等。为了管理和参数设置的方便,还配有与上位计算机的串行通信接口。面向定量包装称量控制领域,借鉴国内外可编程称重控制器的设计,给出了可编程称重控制器的主要设计方案和技术指标,开发了一款基于C8051F020增强型单片机的可编程称重控制器,详细给出了称重控制器的设计方法,根据配料生产的工艺要求,采用单片微机设计,集测量控制一体化的新型称重控制器,可实现自动称重、配料控制和联机测控,具有较高的性能价格比,并具备了完善的可编程功能,是一款集称重控制、可编程控制、称重变送于一体,可准确方便的实现各种复杂控制的多功能称重控制器。设计的配料控制器具有可靠性高、抗干扰能力强、性价比高和体积小巧、功能全面等特点,它既可以作为单机仪表使用,也可以作为嵌入式仪表通过RS-232或RS-485标准接口与上位工控机组网联用。     

A portable wireless biometric multi-channel system

This article presents an 8-channel system for capturing bioelectric signals and transmitting them by the ZigBee protocol. It is a small, portable system with optimised power supply so that it can be battery fed. One of its main advantages is its versatility, since it enables each channel to be configured, in a dynamic and individualised way. This makes it possible to capture diverse bioelectric signals simultaneously, such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), etc. The developed system can be easily integrated into a Wireless Sensor Network based on ZigBee technology.     

A switching system based on microcontroller for successive applying of MGT and CPT on MOSFETs

A new, low cost switching system based on PIC 18F4550 microcontroller (MCU), called APL-SM v1.0 system, which enables the successive measuring of both the electrical characteristics in midgap-subthreshold technique (MGT) and charge-pumping currents in charge-pumping technique (CPT) of metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), has been developed. The APL-SM v1.0 system, instead of expensive switching matrix which price is considerably higher, could be used for the switching from MGT to CPT and vice versa. Using the appropriate program, the system allows the monitoring of MOSFETs during long time periods, helping the performing of long lasting experiments. The good agreement in the electrical characteristics, as well as in the charge-pumping currents, obtained using ultra low current, high speed Keithley switching matrix (SM) and APL-SM system, was obtained.