Synthesis of Poly(n-butyl methacrylate-co-pentaerythritolriacrylate) Gel Mediated by Cu(0)/CPDN and its Oil Absorbent Properties

Poly(n-butyl methacrylate-co-pentaerythritolriacrylate) (poly(n-BMA-co-PETA)) gel was first synthesized via reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) technique with Cu(0)/N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) as catalyst system, 2-cyanoprop-2-yl-1-dithionaphthalate (CPDN) as chain transfer agent, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent. The results exhibited well-controlled characters of the new RDRP technique. The poly(n-BMA-co-PETA) gel exhibited preferable three-dimensional network cross-linked structure. It possessed high oil absorption capacity and perfect reusability. The maximum oil absorption capacity was 52.6 g/g. The gel may have a number of potential applications in controlling oil pollution. The influence factors on oil absorbency were discussed in detail as well.     

Mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete containing rice husk ash with original and recycled asphalt pavement material

This study focused on the effects of rice husk ash (RHA) on the mechanical properties of roller compacted concrete (RCC) designed with original and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials. The RCC mixes were produced by partial substitution of cement with RHA at varying amounts of 3% and 5%. Four aggregate combinations including the mix with original aggregate, coarse RAP + fine original aggregate, coarse original aggregate + fine RAP and total RAP were considered. The main experimental design consisted of the compressive strength and three points bending tests. Bending test was used to measure the modulus of rupture, material’s energy absorbency and analyse the fatigue response of RCC mixes. All tests were performed after 7, 28 and 120 days curing except the fatigue test that performed on 120 days specimens. Adding RHA resulted in higher optimum moisture content (OMC) and lower maximum dry density. Furthermore, adding RAP with different dimensions reduced the OMC and maximum dry density. The material’s flexibility improved upon replacing 3% cement by RHA. However, the energy absorbency reduced by increasing the RHA content to 5%. The fatigue life of RCC mixes containing RAP material was lower than the conventional one. Furthermore, replacing the coarse aggregate by RAP led to higher fatigue life than the fine aggregate. There was a strong relationship (R² > 0.90) between the energy absorbency and fatigue response of RCC mixes. At higher stress ratios of 0.72, the mix with higher energy absorbency behaved better under repeated loadings. Besides, a reverse relationship was found between the fatigue life and material porosity. Adding 3% RHA reduced the porosity especially after 120 days curing and improved the fatigue resistance. However, the addition of RHA to 5% resulted in higher porosities and lower fatigue lives.     

冲击荷载循环作用下砂岩动态力学性能的围压效应研究

利用带围压装置的霍普金森压杆设备对砂岩在不同围压等级、不同应变率下的动态力学性能进行试验研究,分析了砂岩在冲击荷载循环作用下的累积比能量吸收值,损伤度与围压等参量之间的关系.研究结果表明:在围压作用下,砂岩的应力-应变曲线出现较明显的屈服平台,具有明显的脆性-延性转化特征.随着冲击荷载循环作用次数的增加,材料的弹性模量...     

纳秒级强激光对多晶硅片光吸收性能的影响

采用兆瓦级TEA CO2激光器输出的纳秒级强红外激光脉冲照射太阳能多晶硅片,用红外光谱仪测试了硅片的吸收谱,发现经激光脉冲照射后的太阳能多晶硅片对光的吸收能力大为增强,并对实验结果做出了初步的分析。     

微回流紫外分光光度法测定水质COD的研究

在重铬酸钾法的基础上,以增加催化剂和氧化剂的相对用量来缩短回流时间,用紫外分光光度计测定稀释回流液吸光度来替代硫酸亚铁铵的滴定,构建了水质COD值与吸光度之间的关系模型。结果表明该法测定水样的最大吸收波长为349 nm,相对标准偏差小于2.6%,测定范围在10～700 mg/L,可以满足一般水质的快速测定要求。     

合成条件对PAA/MMT高吸水性树脂性能的影响研究

聚合反应中影响树脂吸水性能的因素有很多,文章以单因素考察法对PAA/MMT高吸水性树脂的制备过程中的影响因素进行了研究主要讨论了交联剂量、分散剂量、引发剂量、中和度、反应温度等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响,为优化实验条件提供初步的依据.     

四烯丙基氯化铵交联的耐高温吸水树脂的研究

采用水溶液聚合法,以丙烯酸(AA)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体,四烯丙基氯化铵(TAAC)为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,制备了耐高温吸水树脂,考察了单体配比、引发剂和交联剂用量对吸水树脂在高温下吸水性能的影响,并对吸水树脂结构进行扫描电镜分析。研究结果表明,所合成的吸水树脂具有良好的耐高温性能,最佳合成条件:AMPS与AA的质量比为0.22,引发剂、交联剂与单体的物质的量比分别为0.11%、0.14%,此条件下合成的吸水树脂在300℃蒸馏水中的吸水倍率为248g/g。     

聚丙烯酸钠缓释作用及其在砂土中吸液性能的探讨

探讨了砂土和溶液中水量、时间、pH值、温度、肥料对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率的影响以及聚丙烯酸钠对肥料的缓释作用。实验表明,在砂土中,聚丙烯酸钠的吸液倍率比溶液中降低105g;吸液饱和时间比溶液中延长60min;pH值(4～10),温度(20℃～80℃)对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率影响不大;非电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响很小,电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响较大。经过96小时,吸收1.0%KCl和1.0%尿素溶液的聚丙烯酸钠对钾和氮素累积释放率分别不到25.0%和80.0%,说明聚丙烯酸钠对尿素和KCl均有一定的缓释作用。     

添加辣椒碱类化合物合成抗菌高吸水树脂

以过硫酸铵、亚硫酸氢钠作为引发剂，N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂，将木薯淀粉与丙烯酸、辣椒碱在水溶液中接枝共聚，合成了具有抗菌性的高吸水性树脂。文章主要考察了添加辣椒碱形式、反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量、丙烯酸中和度、交联剂用量对合成产物吸水性能的影响。     

微波辐射常压麦草中木质素快速提取方法研究

采用微波辐射技术,建立了从麦草中提取木质素的工艺.使用微波法分离木质素和纤维素是微波应用的一种新途径.考察了固液比例、微波辐射功率、辐射时间、碱浓度等对木质素提取效果的影响.结果表明,最佳提取工艺条件为:2 g样品在微波辐射功率为550 W,辐射时间为75 min,固液比为1:12.5,碱浓度为16%时,木质素提取液的吸光度达到1.25,并且验证性试验的结果很稳定.