一种使用多跳事实的端到端知识库实体描述生成方法

自动化实体描述生成有助于进一步提升知识图谱的应用价值,而流畅度高是实体描述文本的重要质量指标之一。该文提出使用知识库上多跳的事实来进行实体描述生成,从而贴近人工编撰的实体描述的行文风格,提升实体描述的流畅度。该文使用编码器—解码器框架,提出了一个端到端的神经网络模型,可以编码多跳的事实,并在解码器中使用关注机制对多跳事实进行表示。该文的实验结果表明,与基线模型相比,引入多跳事实后模型的BLEU-2和ROUGE-L等自动化指标分别提升约8.9个百分点和7.3个百分点。     

OWL‐based acquisition and editing of computer‐interpretable guidelines with the CompGuide editor

Computer‐Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) are the dominant medium for the delivery of clinical decision support, given the evidence‐based nature of their source material. Therefore, these machine‐readable versions have the ability to improve practitioner performance and conformance to standards, with availability at the point and time of care. The formalisation of Clinical Practice Guideline knowledge in a machine‐readable format is a crucial task to make it suitable for the integration in Clinical Decision Support Systems. However, the current tools for this purpose reveal shortcomings with respect to their ease of use and the support offered during CIG acquisition and editing. In this work, we characterise the current landscape of CIG acquisition tools based on the properties of guideline visualisation, organisation, simplicity, automation, manipulation of knowledge elements, and guideline storage and dissemination. Additionally, we describe the CompGuide Editor, a tool for the acquisition of CIGs in the CompGuide model for Clinical Practice Guidelines that also allows the editing of previously encoded guidelines. The Editor guides the users throughout the process of guideline encoding and does not require proficiency in any programming language. The features of the CIG encoding process are revealed through a comparison with already established tools for CIG acquisition.     

Ontology-based approach for the provision of simulation knowledge acquired by Data and Text Mining processes

Numerical simulation techniques such as Finite Element Analyses are essential in today's engineering design practices. However, comprehensive knowledge is required for the setup of reliable simulations to verify strength and further product properties. Due to limited capacities, design-accompanying simulations are performed too rarely by experienced simulation engineers. Therefore, product models are not sufficiently verified or the simulations lead to wrong design decisions, if they are applied by less experienced users. This results in belated redesigns of already detailed product models and to highly cost- and time-intensive iterations in product development.Thus, in order to support less experienced simulation users in setting up reliable Finite Element Analyses, a novel ontology-based approach is presented. The knowledge management tools developed on the basis of this approach allow an automated acquisition and target-oriented provision of necessary simulation knowledge. This knowledge is acquired from existing simulation models and text-based documentations from previous product developments by Text and Data Mining. By offering support to less experienced simulation users, the presented approach may finally lead to a more efficient and extensive application of reliable FEA in product development.     

SFEP文本因果关系提取及其与SFN转化研究

为将系统故障演化过程(system fault evolution process，SFEP)的文本描述转化为空间故障网络(space fault network，SFN)结构，用于故障分析，本文提出SFEP文本因果关系提取方法，及其与SFN基本结构的转化方法。首先给出SFEP中事件的几种典型因果关系。随后提出因果关系与SFN基本结构的转化流程。本文方法围绕着关键字和因果关系组模式展开，通过模型的不断学习补充和丰富关键字和组模式。最终使方法具备将SFEP文本转化为SFN结构的能力。以飞机起落架故障发生过程文本为例进行了应用，实验结果表明该方法可用于SFEP文本中的因果关系分析，并得到了理想的SFN。完善的关键字和组模式有利于使用计算机智能处理SFEP的SFN。     

Condition based maintenance of the two-beam laser welding in high volume manufacturing of piezoelectric pressure sensor

Two-beam laser welding (TBLW) is an advanced process for precise, low distortion joining of cylindrical miniature parts. The process is composed of a laser source, optics and various actuators, which form a sophisticated system for control and maintenance in high volume manufacturing. A well-established method for identifying welding defects and ensuring welding quality is the monitoring of plasma light emission in TBLW. Although such monitoring systems can detect a change in process status, they are not able to diagnose the nature of the fault. The main challenge in this research was to extend the use of quality-based monitoring systems to measure additional deterioration-related parameters and to estimate system deterioration from them by using expert knowledge.This paper shows a novel condition-based maintenance (CBM) for the TBLW system, which performs condition identification using online monitoring of plasma light emission in combination with offline inspection of the seam macrographs. A combination of quality parameters derived from seam macrographs of defective parts is used to identify process deterioration, such as contamination of the optics, misalignment of the optomechanical system, or reduced laser power. The information obtained is used to make predefined process adjustments based on expert domain knowledge. The implementation of the developed CBM in high volume manufacturing of piezoelectric pressure sensors resulted in more predictable TBLW by reducing system failures as well as shorter diagnosis times.     

Application of multivariate statistics and 3D visualization analysis in tacit knowledge diffusion map

Tacit knowledge is an important factor for enterprises and institutions to enhance their knowledge innovation and value-added capabilities, and it is also a basic link to enhance organizational learning capabilities. With the development of technology, the dissemination of tacit knowledge has increasingly shown complex and dynamic trends. In order to make the tacit knowledge in the enterprise better circulate and generate greater economic value, therefore, this paper proposes a study on the diffusion map of tacit knowledge based on multivariate statistics and 3D visualization analysis. First of all, this paper analyzes the internal relationship between organizational learning and organizational tacit knowledge integration and organizational tacit knowledge innovation, and combines multiple statistical methods to propose an organizational tacit knowledge integration method based on tacit knowledge management. Secondly, we combine 3D visualization and generative confrontation network methods to analyze the data of tacit knowledge dissemination, and visualize the distribution of knowledge dissemination in three dimensions. In the simulation experiment test, this paper reveals that the spreading efficiency of tacit knowledge in the network is affected by related factors. Through this model, we hope to explore the behavioral laws of different types of nodes in the network and propose effective countermeasures to improve the efficiency of knowledge dissemination.     

中文基本复合名词短语语义关系体系及知识库构建

名词短语一直是中外语言学领域的重要研究对象,近年来在自然语言处理领域也受到了研究者的持续关注。英文方面,已建立了一定规模的名词短语语义关系知识库。但迄今为止,尚未建立相应或更大规模的描述名词短语语义关系的中文资源。该文借鉴国内外诸多学者对名词短语语义分类的研究成果,对大规模真实语料中的基本复合名词短语实例进行试标注与分析,建立了中文基本复合名词短语语义关系体系及相应句法语义知识库,该库能够为中文基本复合名词短语句法语义的研究提供基础数据资源。目前该库共含有18 281条高频基本复合名词短语,每条短语均标注了语义关系、短语结构及是否指称实体等信息,每条短语包含的两个名词还分别标注了语义类信息。语义类信息基于北京大学《现代汉语语义词典》。基于该知识库,该文还做了基本复合名词短语句法语义的初步统计与分析。     

Knowledge-Based Virtual Modeling and Simulation of Manufacturing Processes for Industry 4.0

Abstract

Industry 4.0 aims at providing a digital representation of a production landscape, but the challenges in building, maintaining, optimizing, and evolving digital models in inter-organizational production chains have not been identified yet in a systematic manner. In this paper, various Industry 4.0 research and technical challenges are addressed, and their present scenario is discussed. Moreover, in this article, the novel concept of developing experience-based virtual models of engineering entities, process, and the factory is presented. These models of production units, processes, and procedures are accomplished by virtual engineering object (VEO), virtual engineering process (VEP), and virtual engineering factory (VEF), using the knowledge representation technique of Decisional DNA. This blend of the virtual and physical domains permits monitoring of systems and analysis of data to foresee problems before they occur, develop new opportunities, prevent downtime, and even plan for the future by using simulations. Furthermore, the proposed virtual model concept not only has the capability of Query Processing and Data Integration for Industrial Data but also real-time visualization of data stream processing.     

A knowledge construction methodology to automate case-based learning using clinical documents

The case-based learning (CBL) approach has gained attention in medical education as an alternative to traditional learning methodology. However, current CBL systems do not facilitate and provide computer-based domain knowledge to medical students for solving real-world clinical cases during CBL practice. To automate CBL, clinical documents are beneficial for constructing domain knowledge. In the literature, most systems and methodologies require a knowledge engineer to construct machine-readable knowledge. Keeping in view these facts, we present a knowledge construction methodology (KCM-CD) to construct domain knowledge ontology (i.e., structured declarative knowledge) from unstructured text in a systematic way using artificial intelligence techniques, with minimum intervention from a knowledge engineer. To utilize the strength of humans and computers, and to realize the KCM-CD methodology, an interactive case-based learning system(iCBLS) was developed. Finally, the developed ontological model was evaluated to evaluate the quality of domain knowledge in terms of coherence measure. The results showed that the overall domain model has positive coherence values, indicating that all words in each branch of the domain ontology are correlated with each other and the quality of the developed model is acceptable.