美国固体照明技术进展概况

介绍了美国能源部于2002年开始实施的固体照明(SSL)技术的"下一代照明计划".同时对美国SSL技术的研发、生产和使用现状以及召开学术会议的情况做了叙述.     

北京市部分学校教室采光照明现状分析

近年来我国学生视力不良检出率居高不下,并且呈现明显上升趋势,已经到了极为严重的程度.学校教室的采光照明问题是保护学生视力健康的重要部分.2004年我国重新修订了国家标准〈建筑照明设计标准〉GB50034-2004.本文对北京市部分大中小学校进行采光照明的调查分析,结果显示,北京市学校教室采光照明问题十分严重,与国家标准要求差距很大,在被调查的39间教室中,窗地面积比达标率为20.5%,课桌面照度达标率为25.6%,黑板照度达标率为零.     

The traditional Yemeni window and natural lighting

The traditional Yemeni window is considered to be one of the most important elements that characterize the yemeni architecture. The beauty of the traditional Yemeni window comes from its four main components which combined the functions of view, lighting, ventilation, protection, and privacy. These functions can be controlled by the occupants according to their social and environmental needs. The four main components are the lower part (Taqah), the fanlight (Qamariyah), the wooden external overhang (Konnah), and the small vent (Shaquos). Since fanlights provide natural lighting during day-time, the area of the lower part can be reduced and its exterior shutters can be closed without the need for artificial lighting. The internal natural lighting that is provided by the upper and lower parts of the window was investigated to see its quality. In this investigation, there were two main goals. The first is the contribution and quality of the internal light provided by the Qamariyah when shutters are closed. The second is the effect of the internal simple white cloth curtains, in the lower part, in the internal light quality. Visual measurements were taken in a typical room of a traditional house of the Old City of Sana'a, Yemen. From the findings, it was found that the fanlights (Qamariyat) provide low and soft homogeneous internal lighting which was as low as 22 lux average. However, the occupants have the ability to increase level of lighting to as high as 600 or 700 lux. This can be done simply by deciding which shutter to open and how many of them to be opened. In this paper, the methodology and findings will be presented and discussed.     

Color changes in cyanosis and the significance of congenital dichromasy and lighting

There are anecdotal reports of color vision deficient medical practitioners (particularly deuteranopes) having difficulty in recognizing cyanosis. An understanding of the color changes in oxygenated blood has led to a better understanding of the lighting needs for hospitals. Using the same database, this article investigates the propensity for color vision deficient observers to make mistakes with cyanotic patients. The possibilities for helping the observer with appropriate color of lighting are considered. The spectral reflectances of blood at varying oxygenation levels previously reported were used 7 ; 8 to calculate chromaticity and lightness. The direction of the chromaticity change was compared with the protanopic and deuteranopic confusion lines. An attempt was made to identify sources that enhanced color changes for the color deficient. The color change of blood oxygenation is closely aligned with the confusion lines of congenital dichromats (particularly protanopia) showing the potential for difficulty in making this decision. No source could be demonstrated to solve the problem or even reduce it significantly. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 428–432, 2007     

OPGW应用问题的探讨

根据多年的光纤复合架空地线(0PGW)应用经验与实践，从0PGW结构及组成、光纤余长、线路配合、金具配套、0PGW安装等方面，对0PGW应用中的若干问题进行详细的探讨。     

Light and color,some ethical issues

This is a comment to the editorial by J. Hutchings on “Talking about Color… and Ethics.” © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 233–235, 2007     

旋转轴对称LED均匀照明系统设计方法

基于边缘光学理论,提出了一种应用于LED照明的光学系统设计方法,分别实现基于透镜和反射器的LED均匀照明光学系统,可在一特定距离的目标面上形成均匀圆形光斑。采用基于蒙特卡罗法的光线追迹软件对两种光学系统进行模拟仿真,结果显示,目标面上光斑的均匀度优于85%,系统效率高于90%。     

汽车自适应照明系统数学模型研究

车辆夜间行驶安全是照明系统设计的主要研究课题．本文针对车辆夜间行驶状态进行分析,建立了车辆自适应照明系统数学模型．通过分析车辆制动距离、转弯半径和行驶速度,确定车辆不同行驶条件下AFS照明区极限转角计算方法,为自适应照明系统设计和关键参数的确定提供了理论依据．     

基于红外感应开关控制的建筑照明节能改造

介绍建筑公共照明控制现状和红外感应开关控制原理,并对照明控制节能改造进行经济分析.     

基于Ecotect模拟分析的校园建筑室内光环境研究

以苏州大学独墅湖校区校园建筑为例,采用实地调研、仪器测试、Ecotect数值模拟、统计分析等方法,通过计算采光系数以及Ecotect模拟分析室内光环境,凭借数据的对比分析来了解不同室内材料、采光形式对室内光环境的影响。了解到为了获得合理的采光系数应当选用浅色的墙面和顶面,建筑师进行立面设计的时候不要加过多的装饰线条,窗户的形状、大小、位置高低应当根据室内空间的大小、形状、层高而定。