聚砜酰胺纳米复合材料及其纤维的制备和表征

采用低温原位聚合技术合成聚砜酰胺/无机粉体纳米复合材料,选择性能较好的纺丝液,用湿法纺丝工艺制成纤维。通过试验分别对纺丝液体系和复合纤维体系进行表征,纺丝液体系:复合膜的结构,膜的力学性能和纺丝液的粘度;复合纤维体系:红外光谱分析化学结构,结晶度,形貌观察,热性能分析,以及力学性能测试和抗紫外老化性能分析。     

溶胀处理提高芳砜纶可染性

采用溶胀剂对芳砚纶织物进行预处理，可使芳砜纶可染性明显提高。研究了溶胀剂预处理芳砜纶织物在不同染色温度下的染色深度，以及溶胀剂处理后苯甲酸甲酯载体法染色。由广角X-射线衍射图谱分析知，经溶胀剂预处理后，芳砜纶纤维的结晶度略有增大；扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察表明，溶胀剂对芳砜纶纤维表面无明显蚀刻，纤维透染性较好；经测定，溶胀剂预处理芳砜纶织物用阳离子染料加载体苯甲酸甲酯染色，其耐洗、耐摩擦色牢度较高，耐光色牢度较差。     

芳砜纶纤维增强橡胶无石棉垫片密封板材研制--材料基本性能

对研制的芳砜纶纤维增强橡胶无石棉垫片密封板材的力学性能和密封性能,包括纤维含量、长径比及纤维与橡胶的界面结合等因素对材料性能的影响进行了比较系统的分析和研究。     

聚砜酰胺基单聚合物复合材料的热性能及降解动力学

采用热重分析对作为耐高温材料使用的聚砜酰胺基单聚合物复合材料(PSA SPCs)进行热性能研究。通过计算积分程序分解温度(IPDT)和温度指数Ts分别评价材料的热稳定性和长期使用温度,通过计算温度指数Tzg来表征耐热性能。PSA SPCs的IPDT、Ts以及Tzg分别为1305℃,248℃和255℃,而PSA树脂材料相对应的参数值依次是1162℃,243℃和244℃,表明PSA SPCs的热性能优于PSA树脂材料。采用不同升温速率,分别用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa法和Kissenger法研究其热降解动力学,计算得到反应活化能(Ea)分别为152.26 k J/mol,146.85 k J/mol,优于PSA树脂材料的Ea值(133.54 k J/mol,127.88 k J/mol)。     

Preparation of Polysulfonamide Porous Paper and Its Adsorption Properties

Three-dimensional porous paper was prepared by using polysulfonamide (PSA) fiber and pulp as the raw materials. The effect of PSA fiber to pulp ratios on the mechanical strength and adsorption properties (using methyl orange and rhodamine B dyes in their aqueous phase) of the paper were studied. The results showed that the tensile strength and elongation characteristics decreased as the PSA fiber to pulp ratio increased, while the tear strength increased. PSA paper showed good adsorption performance for both methyl orange and rhodamine B, with the adsorption process conforming to the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating monolayer chemical adsorption. The study has provided an improved theoretical and scientific basis for the further development and application of PSA paper.     

聚砜酰胺原液凝固性能研究

研究了凝固浴浓度、原液温度、聚合物相对分子质量、凝固浴中的盐分、共聚物分布序列和第三单体物质的量对聚砜酰胺原液的凝固值和临界浓度的影响。结果表明：凝固浴浓度越高,凝固值越高,而临界浓度基本不变;随着原液温度的提高,凝固值略有提高,临界浓度略有下降;凝固浴中盐分含量越大,凝固值越高,临界浓度越低;聚合物相对分子质量越大,凝固值越低,临界浓度越高;共聚物大分子链越规整,第三单体含量越少,则凝固值越低,临界浓度越高。     

芳砜纶纤维原料对其成纱及织物性能的影响

研究了芳砜纶纤维纺纱中,纤维长度对成纱性能影响的规律。采用不同长度的芳砜纶纤维在棉纺设备上进行纺纱对比,并对不同长度芳砜纶纤维纱织物的性能进行对比得出:在纱支一定时,芳砜纶纱及织物的拉伸性能随纤维长度增加而增加;纤维超过一定长度后拉伸性能下降,成纱毛羽则是先减少后增加。成纱条干在一定的纤维长度范围内,变化不大,纤维长度过长,则成纱条干明显恶化。芳砜纶织物的撕破性能变化与成纱拉伸性变化趋势类似。芳砜纶成品性能最佳时纤维长度为52 mm。     

芳砜纶应用于消防防护服的性能研究

验证了芳砜纶的热稳定性及隔热性能,实验表明芳砜纶纤维经300℃以下高温长时间处理,仍能保持原纤维3/4的拉伸断裂强度;芳砜纶有不亚于Nomex的隔热性能,以此推测芳砜纶在消防防护服中有很好的应用前景.     

High-Temperature Bearable Polysulfonamide/Polyurethane Composite Nanofibers’ Membranes for Filtration Application

Polysulfonamide (PSA)-based membranes are widely used for high-temperature filtration. PSA/polyurethane (TPU) composite membranes that can withstand a temperature exceeding 200 °C are fabricated by an electrospinning method. The effects of PSA/TPU mass ratio on the morphology and properties of the prepared composite membranes are investigated to obtain nanofibers with different diameters. These composite membranes are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry, and mechanical and filtration properties of membranes are also investigated. The maximum stress and elongation at break of PSA/TPU nanofibers’ membranes reach 13.66 ±1.43 MPa and 75.01 ± 3.78%, respectively, when the PSA/TPU mass ratio is 3:7. Moreover, filtration results show high filtration efficiency (>99%) and low pressure drop for diethyl-hexyl-sebacat (DEHS) and sodium chloride (NaCl) aerosol particles at 4 m³ h⁻¹ airflow velocity. Therefore, PSA/TPU composite membranes are a promising candidate for high-temperature filtration applications.     

Structure and property development of aromatic copolysulfonamide fibers during wet spinning process

The structure and performance changes of aromatic copolysulfonamide (co‐PSA) fibers that occurred during wet spinning process have been studied. While using different length scale characterization, including scan electron microscopy (SEM), wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS), and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), it was found that the molecular chains of co‐PSA formed an isotropic network during coagulation which further lead to extension and orientation of these chains during the subsequent stretching. As a result, only after heat stretching and heat setting the molecular chains tended to pack into crystal lattice in the fibrils. This gave rise to a much denser structure along the spinning line and the glass transition temperature of co‐PSA fibers increased a little after heat setting. Before heat stretching, the co‐PSA fibers were in amorphous state, and only the amorphous orientation was observed within the fibers. After heat stretching at the temperature higher than T_g, the fraction of amorphous region decreased, and the crystal structure formed in the fibers, which became more perfect during heat setting. The structure development during spinning process contributed toward the improvement of thermo‐mechanical stability, tenacity and modulus of the co‐PSA fibers. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42343.