碳酸铝铵低温热分解制备a-Al2O3超细粉末

利用硫酸铝铵溶液和碳酸氢铵溶液的沉淀反应制备碳酸铝铵前驱体，通过在碳酸铝铵中同时添加α–Al2O3籽晶和硝酸铵, 使得α相的转变温度从1150℃降低到950℃, 获得了尺寸均匀、团聚较小、平均粒径为90 nm的球形α–Al2O3超细粉末. 相变过程为：无定型→g→g+α→α，并没有出现高温过渡型相q相.     

高纯氧化铝制备技术的进展

综述了国内外高纯氧化铝的开发动向,主要介绍拜耳法、硫酸铝铵热解法、碱式碳酸铝铵热解法、有机铝水解、热解法的工艺及其应用领域。     

Preparation of micrometer-sized α-Al2O3 platelets by thermal decomposition of AACH

Micrometer-sized α-Al₂O₃ platelets with hexagonal shape were prepared by thermal decomposition of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide (AACH) using AlF₃ as an additive. The precursor and the calcined product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The α-Al₂O₃ platelets with the size of 2-3 μm were obtained by calcining AACH at 1200 °C with 5 wt.% AlF₃. The morphology modification is attributed to the various growth rates along different crystal orientations due to the adsorption and uneven distribution of AlF₃. A step growth mode is responsible for the formation of the platelets.     

AACH热解法制取高纯超细氧化铝粉

对ＡＡＣＨ（Ａｍｍｏｎｉｕｍ Ｄａｗｓｏｎｉｔｅ）热解法制取高纯超细氧化铝粉体进行了工业化试验研究。试验产品Ａｌ２Ｏ３纯度为三个九，平均粒径：０．５ｕｍ；粒度分布：〈０．３ｕｍ１８．６％，〈０．５ｕｍ５０．６％，〈１．０ｕｍ７４．９％，〈１．６ｕｍ９２．４％，〈３．０ｕｍ１００％；真密度虫状结构，烧结活性高，可望应用于透明氧化铝瓷、人工宝石工业制品、ＩＣ基片、切削工具、精密光学机械零件等诸多领域。     

Synthesis of Al2O3 whisker-reinforced yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) nanocomposites through in situ formation of alumina whiskers

Enhanced mechanical properties of yttria-stabilized zirconia based composites were obtained by introducing alumina whiskers as reinforcement. The alumina whiskers were formed in situ by decomposition of ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide (AACH) whiskers during calcination. The whiskers thus formed were amorphous and were converted to α-alumina during sintering at 1450 °C. The AACH whiskers were produced by hydrothermal treatment of an aqueous solution of urea and aluminum nitrate at 120 °C for 24 h. The Vickers hardness of the sintered composite sample increased with an increase in the alumina content up to 10 wt% and then decreased. The maximum hardness achieved at 10 wt% of alumina whiskers was 13.8 GPa, which further increased to 14.4 GPa with the addition of 1.0 wt% of cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB). The improved mechanical strength of the composites was attributed to the enhanced dispersion of alumina whiskers due to four times volume decrease during transformation of AACH to alumina and relatively lower aspect ratio of AACH whiskers as well as the deflocculating effect of CTAB.     

纳米碳酸铝铵前驱体制备的研究

以硫酸铝铵(NH4Al(SO4)2)和碳酸氢铵(NH4HCO3)为主要原料,采用沉淀法制备纳米碳酸铝铵(AACH)前驱体,并利用X射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜(TEM)对前驱体的物相和形貌进行表征.研究表明,滴定速度和陈化时间对前驱体的形貌略有影响,而滴定方式和pH值对其影响较大.将硫酸铝铵溶液滴入碳酸氢铵溶液中,调节体系的pH值9-10,并将其陈化12小时,可以得到较好的前驱体.     

煤系高岭岩制取超细氧化铝的试验研究

煤系高岭岩酸浸得到硫酸铝溶液,再采用N1923-P507混合萃取剂除铁、活性炭过滤除硅、共沉淀制取AACH结晶、热解煅烧等步骤,制得高纯超细氧化铝。讨论了用N1923-P507混合萃取剂进行三级逆流萃取时,水相pH值及萃取时间等操作条件对萃铁效果的影响;用TG-DTA研究了前驱物的热解特性,用XRD、TEM表征了AACH及其煅烧产物的物相及粒径;用ICP测定了煅烧产物的纯度。分析结果表明,铁的萃取率达到99.2%;AACH的纯度满足制取高纯超细A l2O3的要求;产品为粒径<70nm、纯度>99.95%的A l2O3。     

纳米Al2O3粉体的制备及其热稳定性的改善

用硫酸铝铵(NH4Al(SO4)2)和碳酸氢铵(NH4HCO3)作为原材料,通过沉淀法制备了一种新型的氧化铝的前驱体——碳酸铝铵(AACH)。研究了该前驱体焙烧时的相变行为与产物形貌,发现其相变过程为：无定型(300℃)→γ(700℃)→γ θ(1050℃)→θ α(1100℃)→α(1200℃),在1200℃的高温下氧化铝粉体粒子长得很大,粒子之间的烧结很严重,产物中有很多“树枝状”硬团聚。这些都会造成粉体比表面积的损失,选择SiO2作为添加剂来改善氧化铝粉体的热稳定性,结果显示SiO2能有效地阻止氧化铝纳米粉之间的烧结,抑制氧化铝的α相变,从而改善了粉体的热稳定性能。     

碳酸铝铵热解法制备超细Al2O3

以Al2(SO4)3与(NH4)2CO3为原料,采用液相沉淀法,制备出前驱物碳酸铝铵(AACH),并烧结得到Al2O3粉末。通过分析前驱物的热重曲线,确定了前驱物的高温分解过程;并结合对前驱物在不同烧结温度下所得产物XRD图谱的分析,确定了前驱物的高温相变过程为:AACH→AlOOH→Al2O3(无定型)→γ-Al2O3→θ-Al2O3→α-Al2O3。同时,干燥方式对超细Al2O3分散性的影响在本文中也进行了研究。     

从铝灰中回收铝制备超细氧化铝粉体过程研究

电解生产铝的过程中产生大量铝灰、铝渣,作废渣弃去,既污染环境又造成铝资源浪费.本文介绍了一条回收铝灰中的铝制备氧化铝粉体的新工艺.用硫酸浸取铝灰,使之转化为硫酸铝溶液,铝浸出率达95%以上;硫酸铝与碳酸氢铵反应生成前驱体碳酸铝铵沉淀和硫酸铵溶液,过滤、洗涤、煅烧碳酸铝铵得氧化铝扮体.所得产品经过XRD和SEM等方法检测为60mm的α-Al_2O_3.过程无废气、污水、新的废洼排放.