Gluten-free cakes with walnut flour: a technological,sensory, and microstructural approach

Walnut flour (WF), a by-product of walnut oil production, is characterised by high polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and fibre contents and presents suitability for bakery products. However, when using non-traditional ingredients, it is essential to evaluate the effect on the quality properties of the final product. So, this work aimed to assess the impact of WF on the technological, physicochemical, and sensory properties of gluten-free (GF) cakes. WF was added at a flour blend (cassava (CS) and maize (MS) starches and rice flour) at 0, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results showed that WF modified starch gelatinisation, increased amylose–lipid complex (ALC) content, and made crumbs easier to chew. Besides, the total dietary fibre (TDF) and protein content significantly increased. Cakes with 15% WF presented the highest specific volume (SV) and no differences in overall acceptability with respect to control. Hence, WF is a suitable ingredient for gluten-free bakery products.     

Green Measurements for Software Product Based on Sustainability Dimensions

Software is a central component in the modern world and vastly affects the environment’s sustainability. The demand for energy and resource requirements is rising when producing hardware and software units. Literature study reveals that many studies focused on green hardware; however, limited efforts were made in the greenness of software products. Green software products are necessary to solve the issues and problems related to the long-term use of software, especially from a sustainability perspective. Without a proper mechanism for measuring the greenness of a particular software product executed in a specific environment, the mentioned benefits will not be attained. Currently, there are not enough works to address this problem, and the green status of software products is uncertain and unsure. This paper aims to identify the green measurements based on sustainable dimensions in a software product. The second objective is to reveal the relationships between the elements and measurements through empirical study. The study is conducted in two phases. The first phase is the theoretical phase, where the main components, measurements and practices that influence the sustainability of a software product are identified. The second phase is the empirical study that involved 103 respondents in Malaysia investigating current practices of green software in the industrial environment and further identifying the main sustainability dimensions and measurements and their impact on achieving green software products. This study has revealed seven green measurements of software product: Productivity, Usability, Cost Reduction, Employee Support, Energy Efficiency, Resource Efficiency and Tool Support. The relationships are statistically significant, with a significance level of less than 0.01 (p = 0.000). Thus, the hypothesised relationships were all accepted. The contributions of this study revolve around the research perspectives of the measurements to attain a green software product.     

Optimal interval type-2 fuzzy fractional order super twisting algorithm: A second order sliding mode controller for fully-actuated and under-actuated nonlinear systems

In this paper, a novel interval type-2 fuzzy fractional order super twisting algorithm (IT2FFOSTA) which is essentially a second order sliding mode controller is presented. The proposed IT2FFOSTA enhances fractional order super twisting algorithm (FOSTA) by taking advantage of an interval type-2 fuzzy fractional order sliding surface (IT2FFOSS) for some classes of fully-actuated and under-actuated nonlinear systems in presence of uncertainty. The FOSTA significantly reduces the amount of chattering and the IT2FFOSS results in decreasing the tracking error, control effort, and chattering level. In order to control under-actuated systems, a hierarchical sliding surface is employed. The multi-tracker optimization algorithm is utilized to adjust the controller’s parameters; this leads to an optimal performance for the IT2FFOSTA. To examine the performance of the IT2FFOSTA, some simulation and experimental tests on three examples of different classes of fully-actuated and under-actuated systems, including ball and plate, inverted pendulum, and ball and beam systems are carried out. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the IT2FFOSTA in reducing the amount of chattering, tracking error, and control effort compared to those of the other control methods.     

基于PFC~(3D)对无底柱分段崩落法结构参数优化研究

为了减少矿山企业的采矿成本,提高矿山的经济效益,对无底柱分段崩落法的结构参数、多分段放矿等方面进行研究,分析与矿石的回收率和贫化率的关系。探讨以大间距结构参数为理论基础,结合矿山的实际放矿参数,确定正交试验因素,采用室内多分段放矿模型,分别对低贫化放矿和矿山现行截止品位放矿进行了试验,分别分析放矿结构参数与矿石回收率和贫化率的关系。采用计算机PFC~(3D)软件模拟低贫化放矿,将模拟所得数据采用回贫差因素分析方法进行分析,利用ORIGIN软件采用响应面法拟合函数分析回贫差和结构参数的关系,最后分析矿石回贫差与无底柱分段崩落法各结构参数的关系,结果表明提出的该矿山的无底柱分段崩落法结构参数为最优值。     

Global weak solutions to a spatio-temporal fractional Landau–Lifshitz–Bloch equation

The present paper deals with global existence of weak solutions of a time-space fractional Landau–Lifshitz–Bloch equation involving the weak Caputo derivative and a fractional Laplacian. We use Faedo–Galerkin method with some commutator estimates in order to prove global existence of weak solutions for the model. The uniqueness is also discussed in a special one dimensional case.     

基于宇宙量子算法的微小零件尺寸检测

通过建立主、从式宇宙空间结构改善了量子算法的运行效率,非正交二次B样条小波和最小二乘小波支持向量回归机对零件边缘进行检测,给出了微小零件尺寸检测流程。试验仿真显示该算法对微小零件尺寸测量数据波动范围较小,方差值相比其他方法值较低,其中UQ算法测量的外轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了75.29%,78.40%,64.47%,60.95%,52.15%;UQ算法测量的内轮直径测量方差值比HI、MM、AIT、IF、IGR算法分别减少了72.89%,76.75%,62.66%,59.22%,50.13%,提高了微小零件的精度测量。     

单自由度八杆仿生机构构型与尺度同步设计方法

单自由度八杆仿生机构杆长参数较多，是仿生机器人领域研究的难点之一。为提高设计效率，提出一种构型与尺度同步设计方法。在选定的运动链和机架的基础上，以不等式形式分步给出运动可行性及外形约束条件，使得上一步的杆长可作为下一步求解的已知值。通过该过程，在得到八杆仿生机构构型的同时，快速得到所有杆长的初步可行域。循环上述过程，逐步缩小约束条件的范围，可使得八杆机构的杆长快速接近目标值。在此基础上，分类讨论了连杆搭接顺序、约束条件及基本运动链的差异对求解难度及构型结果的影响。利用所提出的单自由度八杆仿生机构的设计方法，在对初始条件进行合理选取的前提下，可在初步得到构型的同时将杆长限定在较小范围内，实现了构型与尺度的同步设计。该方法还可应用于其他单自由度机构的设计当中，具有较好的借鉴意义。     

金属矿山采空区形状分形特征探索

引入分形理论研究金属矿山采空区形状特征,采用计盒维数方法分别计算了四个不同矿山单个采空区一维边界线、二维区域、三维边界曲面以及三维空间体的分维数,研究探索得知单个采空区形状具有良好的分形特性,进而将单采空区分维值计算方法拓展至采空区群顶板分维值计算,研究证明采空区群顶板三维曲面形状也具有明显的分形特征。分维值是反映采空区复杂程度的定量参数,其为复杂采空区形状特征研究提供了一种新的方法,可供类似研究借鉴。     

煤层注水对原煤孔隙及甲烷吸脱附性能的影响

煤层注水对防突具有显著效果,而煤层孔隙特性是影响瓦斯吸脱附及渗流的重要因素,为了从孔隙角度揭示不同注水压力对原煤体甲烷吸脱附性能的影响。选取首山矿己15-12070工作面进行煤层注水现场实验,使用氮吸附法得出各煤样孔隙特性并用分形理论计算孔隙粗糙度,使用静态容量法测出各煤样吸脱附参数。结果表明:注水后各孔径段孔隙量均有所增加,注水压力与比表面积、孔容及分形维数呈线性正相关关系;孔隙特征参数与甲烷吸脱附性能呈线性正相关关系;各煤样均出现甲烷吸脱附迟滞现象,且注水压力越高,甲烷吸附能力越强,脱附迟滞程度越大。煤层注水压力越大,煤的孔裂隙数量会增多且粗糙度增大,煤体倾向于保留更多的瓦斯。     

致密砂岩分形渗透率模型构建及关键分形参数计算方法

针对现有渗透率分形模型关键参数计算方法与渗透率相关性较差、迂曲度分形维数不能反映三维特征,造成致密砂岩渗透率预测困难的问题,基于致密砂岩孔隙结构分形特征及迂曲毛管束模型,构建了一种致密砂岩渗透率预测模型,提出了分形维数、迂曲度分形维数、特征长度的有效计算方法,并探讨了不同迂曲度计算方法对致密砂岩渗透率预测的影响。研究表明:构建的渗透率模型可以有效预测致密砂岩渗透率,更接近于实测值,计算得到分形维数与岩心渗透率相关性更强;不同迂曲度计算方法得到的致密砂岩迂曲度值差异较大,选取合适的迂曲度计算方法可以提高致密砂岩渗透率预测精度。研究成果可以准确、快速地预测渗透率,对致密砂岩油藏储层评价与有效开发具有重要意义。