几种丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与对比表征

选择几种自制的有机蒙脱土,利用双辊直接混炼法与丁腈橡胶复合,测试材料的力学性能,确定出了最佳的有机蒙脱土牌号。利用透射电子显微镜观察,确定制备出了半剥离型的丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土（NBR/OMMT）纳米复合材料;测试材料的应力-应变曲线表征了不同有机蒙脱土含量的纳米复合材料的力学性能;利用溶剂渗透性测试实验表征了纳米复合材料的耐油性提高;通过透射电子显微镜观察发现,采用有机蒙脱土预凝胶,成功地制备了全剥离型的NBR/OMMT纳米复合材料。     

Joint Effect of Compatibilizer and Organo-Montmorillonite on Compatibilization of Polyamide-6/Poly(phenylene oxide) Blend: Morphology and Properties

Compatibilizer (styrene–maleic anhydride copolymer, SMA) and organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) were introduced into immiscible polyamide-6 (PA6)/ poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) blend to obtain quaternary nanocomposites simply by melt extrusion. OMMT tactoids formed in PA6/PPO/OMMT ternary blend would become smaller or disappear with the addition of SMA. Besides, viscosity of SMA compatibilized PA6/PPO blend decreased a lot with the addition of OMMT. Based on these results, a mechanism for joint effect of SMA and OMMT in compatibilizing PA6 and PPO was proposed. We further studied water absorption and tensile properties of the nanocomposites, which were in consistent with the proposed mechanism.     

PBA/OMMT制备及其对PA6力学性能的影响

用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)将Na基蒙脱土(MMT)改性成有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用原位聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)/OMMT,并将其按适当比例添加到尼龙6(PA6)中。通过红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪等表征了OMMT、PBA/OMMT的结构,并检测了PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:添加5%的PBA/OMMT后,PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的拉伸强度提高了23.1%,缺口冲击强度的降低幅度有所减缓。     

蒙脱土对脲醛树脂性能的影响

以有机蒙脱土(OMMT)作为脲醛树脂(UF)胶粘剂的改性剂,制备UF/OMMT纳米复合材料;然后将其用于刨花板的制备,并采用红外光谱(FT-IR)法和X-射线衍射(XRD)法对纳米复合材料的结构进行了表征。结果表明:刨花板的力学性能随OMMT含量增加呈先升后降(或先升后降再升)态势,并且在w(OMMT)=3%时相对较好;当w(OMMT)=1%时,经硅烷偶联剂(KH-550)处理后的OMMT在UF反应终了阶段加入时,刨花板的综合力学性能相对最好;在纳米复合材料体系中,OMMT的层状纳米片层已被剥离,并且OMMT和UF之间发生了一定程度的化学反应,而偶联剂和OMMT之间并没有形成化学键。     

Effect of Clay Types on the Mechanical,Dynamic Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Polypropylene Nanocomposites

In the present investigation Polypropylene–Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene–organically modified MMT (PP-MAPP-OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing in a twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. The effect of clay chemistry and compatibilizer on the properties of the nanocomposites has been studied. Sodium montmorillonite has been organically modified using quaternary and alkyl amine intercalants. A comparative account with commercial quaternary ammonium modified clays i.e Cloisite 20A, Cloisite 15A and Cloisite 30B has been presented. Storage modulus of PP matrix also increased in the nanocomposites, indicating an increase in the stiffness of the matrix polymer with the addition of organically modified nanoclays. The morphology of the nanocomposites has been examined using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Morphological findings revealed efficient dispersion of organically modified nanoclays within the PP matrix. MAPP compatibilized PP/Cloisite 15A nanocomposites displayed finely dispersed exfoliated nanomorphology as compared with other systems.     

氨基硅油与蒙脱土协同阻燃尼龙6

通过熔融共混法制得尼龙6/纳米蒙脱土/氨基硅油复合材料,研究氨基硅油和蒙脱土的含量对共混物的力学性能和阻燃性能的影响.通过研究表明:蒙脱土的少量加入在很大程度上改善了尼龙6的力学性能和抗熔滴性能;纳米蒙脱土与氨基硅油(ASO)具有阻燃协同效应,使其极限氧指数(LOI)进一步提高.     

NBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的性能研究

通过机械共混法制备了丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土（NBR/OMMT）纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）对复合材料的结构进行表征。研究了OMMT用量对复合材料硫化性能、交联密度的影响。结果表明,少量的OMMT（5份）缩短了正硫化时间（t90）,提高了交联密度。随着OMMT用量的增加（5～20份）,t90逐渐延长,交联密度逐渐减小。对照炭黑的增强机理,对OMMT对橡胶的增强机理进行了初步探讨。从力学性能的变化趋势可以看出,随着OMMT用量的增加,拉伸强度提高。由此可知,OMMT对橡胶的增强机理是OMMT片层对橡胶大分子链的吸附作用。同时还研究了复合材料的热空气老化性能和热稳定性能。     

炭黑/蒙脱土并用对 HNBR复合材料性能的影响

为提高HNBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的性能,在分析螺杆泵定子橡胶实际破坏形式的基础上,结合各种检测手段研究炭黑的最佳加入份数以及炭黑/蒙脱土材料并用的效果.结果表明:炭黑N330用量对材料的硫化时间影响较小,但能显著提高门尼粘度和邵氏硬度;对HNBR/OMMT复合材料的机械性能、阿克隆磨耗性能及耐原油介质老化等性能进行...     

Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite in combination with metal oxides on the fire safety enhancement of intumescent flame-retarded epoxy resins

Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in combination with different metal oxides (Bi₂O₃, Sb₂O₃, and MoO₃) on the fire safety enhancement of the intumescent flame-retarded epoxy resins (EPs) were systematically evaluated. The results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that the OMMT and metal oxides acquire a uniform distribution in the EP matrix, and OMMT platelets exhibit a fully exfoliated state. The flammability and thermogravimetry (TG) tests show that the intumescent flame retardant (IFR)-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system can endow EPs with the higher synergistic efficiencies on the enhancement of flame retardancy, smoke suppression properties, and charring ability compared to those of IFR or IFR-OMMT system, and the synergistic efficiency is the following order: IFR/OMMT/Sb₂O₃ > IFR/OMMT/MoO₃ > IFR/OMMT/Bi₂O₃. In particular, the sample, filled with 1.5 wt% OMMT, 1.5 wt% Sb₂O₃, and 27 wt% IFR, passes the UL94 V-0 rating and acquires the highest limiting oxygen index value of 28.5% among the samples. The IFR-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system exerts a better synergistic effect on the generation of crosslinking and aromatic structures that supply the excellent charring effect and barrier effect for the EPs, and the synergistic efficiency of IFR-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system is varied with the types of metal oxides.     

OMMT/IIR纳米复合材料结构与性能的研究

采用熔体插层法制备有机蒙脱土(OMMT)／IIR纳米复合材料。试验结果表明，OMMT／IIR纳米复合材料是插层型纳米复合材料；与无机粘土／IIR微米复合材料及IIR相比，OMMT／HR纳米复合材料具有良好的物理性能，且其物理性能均随OMMT用量的增大而明显提高；与IIR相比，OMMT／HR纳米复合材料具有优异的气密性。