水下电视在西泉眼水库溢洪道水下检查中的应用

使用水下电视系统对哈尔滨市西泉眼水库溢洪道及附属结构进行了检查,查明了表面混凝土受冲蚀磨损和骨料出露情况,为水库溢洪道整体评价和管理提供了可靠的依据。实际应用表明,水下电视是进行库区水下结构损伤检查和安全评价的有效手段。     

水下结构物修复用先进机械手软硬件关键技术综述

机器人进行水下结构物维修时,不仅处于非结构化环境,而且存在浮游碰撞危险,作业区域可达性差,水下环境识别困难等特殊问题,所以,进一步提升机器人智能化水平非常重要。英国GRL公司用于焊缝检验的先进海底机械手ARM系统采用先进的人机接口以及工厂用机器人的某些技术,实现了机械手的控制。以ARM的开发经验为基础,目前GRL公司正在研制更为先进的机器人控制系统Polecat,该系统将用于ROV导航员的训练平台Rovsim以及一系列欧盟和商业项目之中,其适用场合不仅包括海洋工程,也包括核电和其他环境。     

ROV扭矩工具系统研制与应用

ROV扭矩工具(TT)是深水水下油气田开发过程中使用的水下机器人(ROV)作业装备。ROV扭矩工具系统是以ROV为核心,包括扭矩工具本体和控制系统,其结构尺寸和工作能力与工作效率是影响水下作业的便利性与作业成本的关键因素。依托南海某气田水下生产系统,参考ISO13628-8等规范,设计出具有多尺寸自适应接口、牙嵌离合换挡结构和锁紧机构的扭矩工具及其控制系统。采用有限元分析软件对扭矩工具关键部件进行仿真分析。完成了扭矩工具的样机研制并进行测试。测试结果表明：水下ROV扭矩工具的锁紧、解锁功能,换挡功能,马达闭环控制功能均可实现,技术参数满足设计要求。研究成果对ROV扭矩工具及其控制系统的技术发展和产品开发均有借鉴意义。     

Development of a stable localized visual inspection system for underwater structures

To avert potential crisis from Japan’s aging infrastructure and declining birth rate, the Japanese Government is planning to introduce robotic technology for the inspection of social infrastructure (such as pipes, dams, and bridges). Recording underwater positions is a difficult task for human divers who undertake conventional dam inspections. This study presents the Anchor Diver 5.2 system for efficient and effectual dam inspection. Anchor Diver 5.2 is based on an extended-tether-maneuvered remotely operated vehicle (ROV) equipped with cameras. The ROV is lowered into water by a hoist system from a boat and implements a visual survey of the concrete underwater structure. To improve the visibility of the ROV in murky and cloudy water, a novel concept named Water Loupe is proposed. In addition, a simple boat-fixing method is proposed to provide a stable base on the water surface, and the underwater position of the ROV, which cannot be accessed by global positioning systems, is recorded using a feasible localization method. Finally, the developed system was evaluated in field experiments conducted in the Amagase Dam, Japan, and its merits and problems are discussed.     

Vehicle Teleoperation Interfaces

Despite advances in autonomy, there will always be a need for human involvement in vehicle teleoperation. In particular, tasks such as exploration, reconnaissance and surveillance will continue to require human supervision, if not guidance and direct control. Thus, it is critical that the operator interface be as efficient and as capable as possible. In this paper, we provide an overview of vehicle teleoperation and present a summary of interfaces currently in use.     

一种基于分布式信息融合技术的水下机器人智能感知系统方案

水下机器人的研究和使用对人类开发海洋资源具 有重大意义．随着海洋探测深度的增加，自治水下机器人（AUV）正成为新的研究热点．为 解决AUV深海域探测所面临的通讯速率低和实时性问题，本文提出了“基于分布式信息融合 技术的水下机器人智能感知系统”的实施方案，并以贝壳抓取过程为实例，解释系统解决实 际问题的过程．     

提高浮力材料性能的研究

本文探讨了超轻质复合材料大空心球的浮力材料结构(此材料适用于1000m以内无人潜器上使用)和在保证抗压强度条件下,使浮力材料的密度最小、吸水率符合要求的设计方法.这种设计方法大幅度地提高了浮力材料的性能指标.     

OBLIQUE TOWING TEST AND MANEUVER SIMULATION AT LOW SPEED AND LARGE DRIFT ANGLE FOR DEEP SEA OPEN-FRAMED REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE

This article presents the newly designed oblique towing test in the horizontal plane for the scaled model of 4 500 m deep sea open-framed Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV),which is being researched and developed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University.Accurate hydrodynamics coefficients measurement is significant for the maneuverability and control system design.The scaled model of ROV was constructed by 1:1.6.Hydrodynamics tests of large drift angle were conducted through Large Amplitude Horizontal Planar Motion Mechanism (LAHPMM) under low speed.Multiple regression method is adopted to process the test data and obtain the related hydrodynamic coefficients.Simulations were designed for the horizontal plane motion of large drift angle to verify the coefficients calculated.And the results show that the data can satisfy with the design requirements of the ROV developed.     

遥控水下机器人（ROV）分布式控制系统

本文阐述了我国自行研制的６００ｍ水深作业型缆控水下机器人（ＲＯＶ）Ｂｉｔｂｕｓ（位总线）分布式控制系统的硬件结构和软件体系。     

水下卧式采油树研制及浅水试验

水下采油树是海洋油气开发的关键装备,该设备制造技术长期以来被国外垄断。为了加快我国海洋油气的开发步伐,降低开发成本,依托863计划课题和中石油重点研发项目,我国突破了水下高压密封、水下远程控制、复杂形面零件加工及检测等多项关键技术,成功研制了拥有自主知识产权的水下卧式采油树。厂内试验表明,其各项指标均已达到设计要求,18米浅水试验进一步验证了水下卧式采油树的安装回收功能、ROV操作性能和水下远程控制功能均满足设计要求,试验获得的基础数据及技术经验作为宝贵的科研成果,对下一步工程海试具有重要的指导意义。