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1.
陈程  陈鑫  徐凤  吴斌  李元媛  陆规 《化工学报》2021,72(11):5800-5809
湿法脱硫排出的废水是燃煤机组废水中最难处理的末端废水之一。热法固化是实现脱硫废水零排放的必然途径。通过构建整个燃煤机组厂级尺度热力系统虚拟仿真模型,从能量流、物料流、水平衡及其之间的相互影响机制的角度对比分析了目前三种主流不同脱硫工艺路线的优劣。在此基础上,提出了基于吸附式热泵和多效蒸馏浓缩,废热用于干燥的新型脱硫工艺,新工艺所需的高温烟气量最小,仅为旁路直喷式的1/5,为目前主流浓缩干燥方案的1/3,在回收水分的同时,极大降低高温烟气的消耗量,降低对主机安全性的影响。相关研究可以为燃煤机组脱硫废水零排放及深度节水提供新的解决思路。  相似文献   
2.
介绍电缆带电检测技术原理,针对一起由带电检测实际应用发现的缺陷,验证了局部放电测试的有效性和判断结果的正确性。案例分析表明,局部放电带电检测设备能够检测运行电缆中存在的放电缺陷,是一种有效的检出手段。在输电电缆的运行维护中普及局部放电带电检测,能够通过大数据分析,及时了解电缆运行状态,并发现运行电缆数据的异常变动,有利于缺陷的及时消除并降低电缆故障率。  相似文献   
3.
刘红坤  董亮  刘妍  唐辉 《辐射防护》2021,41(2):174-180
由于内陆厂址受纳水体容量有限,使得核电内陆厂址面临的一个关键问题就是液态流出物排放。本文通过对比分析三代压水堆内陆厂址液态流出物排放与现有排放国家标准要求,发现三代压水堆两项指标不能满足内陆厂址要求,即除氚、14C外其他放射性核素和氚排放均不能满足内陆厂址要求。针对除氚、14C外其他放射性核素排放,建议增加化学絮凝、离子交换床和反渗透装置以满足100 Bq/L的排放要求。针对氚排放,通过调整排放方式能满足2台机组氚排放要求,使得下游1 km处氚浓度不超过71 Bq/L;多机组内陆电厂的氚排放建议利用联合电解催化交换(CECE)和水精馏(WD)技术,以达到分离氚的目的。  相似文献   
4.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanopowder (P-25;Degussa AG) was treated using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a rotary electrode DBD (RE-DBD) reactor.Its electrical and optical characteristics were investigated during RE-DBD generation.The treated TiO2 nanopowder properties and structures were analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).After RE-DBD treatment,XRD measurements indicated that the anatase peak theta positions shifted from 25.3° to 25.1°,which can be attributed to the substitution of new functional groups in the TiO2 lattice.The FTIR results show that hydroxyl groups (OH) at 3400 cm-1 increased considerably.The mechanism used to modify the TiO2 nanopowder surface by air DBD treatment was confirmed from optical emission spectrum measurements.Reactive species,such as OH radical,ozone and atomic oxygen can play key roles in hydroxyl formation on the TiO2 nanopowder surface.  相似文献   
5.
α-Ni(OH)2 is a promising candidate of the currently commercialized β-Ni(OH)2 due to its higher theoretical discharge capacity in alkaline solution; however, its instability and poor conductivity plague the practical application. Herein, we propose α-Ni(OH)2 with Co doping and spherical structure to strengthen the stability and enhance the conductivity and use it as the cathode for nickel-metal hydride batteries. Studies show that proper Co doping promotes the electrochemical reaction between the active materials and the electrolyte due to the spherical α-Ni(OH)2 with enlarged interlayer distance and abundant hole channels, as well as high conductivity of Co, therefore, the obtained spherical α-Ni(OH)2 with 7 mol% Co doping delivers significantly improved discharge capability, which is 384.6 mAh g?1 at 70 mA g?1 (0.2 C), increased by 54.3 mAh g?1 compared with pure α-Ni(OH)2, and at a high current of 5 C, it still gives 269.4 mAh g?1, in contrast 218.5 mA g?1 for the pure α-Ni(OH)2. Besides, the cycling stability of the α-Ni(OH)2 with 7 mol% Co doping maintains 340 cycles at a capacity retention of 80% (1C), which is extended 110 cycles in contrast to the pure α-Ni(OH)2. These results provide the underpinning platform of α-Ni(OH)2 for battery applications with high discharge ability and cycle life.  相似文献   
6.
水电站局地天气要素的变化一直是泄洪雾化影响评价的重要组成部分,如何实现水电站局地气象场的高精度数值模拟,已成为泄洪雾化数值模拟方面亟需解决的重要问题。应用数值天气预报模式,采用松弛同化技术将泄洪时段的水舌风、温度、相对湿度、压强等物理参数,同化到数值天气预报模式的背景场中,并耦合小尺度诊断模型进行动力降尺度处理,首次将坝区物理场的水平分辨率提高到40 m,得到小尺度下锦屏一级水电站泄洪时段天气要素的变化情况和影响范围,为评价泄洪雾化对天气环境的影响提供研究基础。  相似文献   
7.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(6):5471-5492
The detection of reproductive tract disease (RTD) 3 wk postpartum is important because of its effect on subsequent reproductive outcomes. Numerous methods for the diagnosis of RTD are described, some of which are more practical and instantaneous in terms of diagnosis. Two of these methods involve identification of purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) and evidence of ultrasonographic uterine changes indicative of endometritis (UE). The objectives of our retrospective observational study were (1) to assess the association of PVD or UE score at the prebreeding examination (PBE) with the hazard of pregnancy within the subsequent breeding season; (2) to determine the test sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) at the point of sampling of both tests using a Bayesian latent class model; and (3) to determine the effect of varying positivity thresholds on test accuracy. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed an initial data set of 5,049 PBE from 2,460 spring-calved cows in 8 herds between 2014 and 2018. Each PBE was conducted once between 25 and 86 d in milk. At each PBE, vaginal discharge was obtained with a Metricheck device (Simcro) whereas uterine contents were assessed using transrectal ultrasonography. Purulent vaginal discharge was scored on a scale of 0 to 3 depending on discharge character, and UE was scored on a scale of 0 to 4 depending on the presence and consistency of intraluminal fluid. Cows with scores of ≥2 in either test had received treatment. Fertility data were available from 4,756 PBE after data exclusion. The association between PVD or UE score at the PBE and subsequent hazard of pregnancy was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Cows with a PVD score of 2 or 3 were less likely to conceive than cows with a PVD score 0 [score 2 hazard ratio (HR) = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59–0.94; score 3 HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.51–0.84]. Cows with a UE score of 1, 2, 3, or 4 were less likely to conceive than cows with a UE score of 0 (score 1 HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.73–0.93; score 2 HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.62–1.00; score 3 HR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.43–0.90; score 4 HR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.26–0.58). To determine the Se and Sp of PVD or UE score for diagnosis of RTD at the time of PBE, a Bayesian latent class model was fitted on 2,460 individual cow PBE. Flat priors were used for the Se and Sp of UE, whereas informative priors were used for PVD Se (mode = 65%, 5th percentile = 45%) and Sp (mode = 90%, 5th percentile = 80%) and RTD prevalence (mode = 20%, 5th percentile = 10%). Posterior estimates (median and 95% Bayesian probability intervals; BPI) were obtained using ‘rjags' (R Studio). The optimal test thresholds (PVD and UE score ≥1) were selected by assessing the effect of different thresholds on test estimates and using a misclassification cost analysis. Based on these, median (95% BPI) Se for PVD and UE score ≥1 were 44% (29–60%) and 67% (33–100%), respectively. Median Sp for PVD and UE score ≥1 were 90% (86–93%) and 91% (86–93%), respectively. Higher scores in both tests were associated with impaired fertility, and UE scoring with a threshold of ≥1 had the highest test Se and Sp estimates although test Se was conditional on days in milk when the PBE occurred.  相似文献   
8.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(16):23510-23517
In the present work, microstructural refinement and mechanical response of Al2O3–ZrO2 eutectics fabricated by a pulse discharge plasma assisted melting (PDPAM) method were investigated. The solidified microstructure evolves from polygonal eutectic colonies into irregular cellular colonies with increasing the superheating temperature of the melt from 1820 °C to 1900 °C. The average eutectic spacing inside the colonies decreases from 1.80 ± 0.10 μm to 0.25 ± 0.06 μm, and the coarse inter-colonial structure is refined, which is attributed to the increase in undercooling temperature. High-temperature microstructural stability of Al2O3–ZrO2 eutectics is improved significantly as contrasted with the as-sintered ceramics. Besides, the load dependence of Vickers hardness for Al2O3–ZrO2 eutectics is investigated.  相似文献   
9.
钟强 《山东煤炭科技》2022,40(1):47-48,52
针对东大煤矿16108运输顺槽在掘进前期存在探放水施工效率低、探水设计不合理、探水精度低、巷道水害隐患大等技术问题,在掘进后期对原探放水设计方案进行优化改进。实际应用效果表明:对16108运输顺槽探放水施工设计优化改进后,共计探放上覆12煤层采空区积水4328 m2,探水施工后巷道未出现涌水现象,探放水效果理想。  相似文献   
10.
在地下水超采区域内疏干排水采矿将会加剧地下水降落漏斗的扩展、严重破坏区域内地下水生态环境。金属矿山地下水零排放关键技术体系,针对矿山防治水与矿区地下水生态环境综合治理领域所面临的技术难题进行系统性研究,提出了包括采用帷幕注浆、井巷地表预注浆和矿坑水回灌等技术措施的系统方案,并针对其中重要技术参数进行了系统地研究。依托位于邯邢百泉泉域的典型大水矿山中关铁矿进行了实践,取得矿坑水零排放的理想效果,其技术体系原理、技术方法等对于解决国内外大水型矿山面临的紧迫难题提供借鉴。  相似文献   
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