爆炸预处理提高D级船板(WD钢)模拟CGHAZ韧性的研究

运用示波冲击和维氏硬度试验、扫描电镜断口和电子探针能谱分析、图象仪测定等手段研究了爆炸预处理对WD钢模拟CGHAZ韧性的影响，发现爆炸预处理具有显著提高WD钢大线能量(50kJ／cm)模拟CGHAZ韧性的效果，提高幅度达118％，其原因在于细化原奥氏体晶粒，生成了较多的先共析多边铁素体，软化了组织。     

焊接热循环对X-60管线钢中第二相粒子的影响

利用萃取复型技术。对Ti-V-Nb微合金钢母材及模拟焊接粗晶热影响区中第二相粒子进行了研究。结果表明，母材中的粒子为含有Ti、Nb、V的碳氮化合物复合粒子，其尺寸均在100nm以下；粒子的形状不规则，不同粒子具有不同的成分。焊接热循环后，焊接粗晶区中仍保留了较多的粒子，但粒子尺寸显著增大，粒子的形状由母材中的不规则状变为方形，粒子的含Ti显著提高。     

X70管线钢在役焊接局部脆化区的组织及精细结构

采用焊接热模拟试验研究了X70管线钢在役焊接粗晶区和临界粗晶区的显微组织及其精细结构,并和常规焊接进行了对比.结果表明,X70管线钢在役焊接粗晶区和临界粗晶区的组织在类别上与常规焊接相差不大,主要都是粒状贝氏体和贝氏体铁素体,不同的只是数量的多少和尺寸的大小.透射电镜下,在役焊接和常规焊接的粗晶区与临界粗晶区的主要形貌都是铁素体板条和分布在板条之间或板条基体上的岛状物,铁素体板条的亚结构都是高密度位错.在役焊接粗晶区和临界粗晶区的铁素体板条宽度都比常规焊接的要小,位错密度都比常规焊接的要高.     

氮对钒微合金钢粗晶热影响区(CGHAZ)的组织和性能的影响

用热模拟方法研究了氮含量对钒微合金钢粗晶热影响区(CGHAZ)的组织和性能的影响。结果表明,氮含量为0.0031%或0.021%时,CGHAZ的韧性较差。氮含量0.0031%时CGHAZ中有少量的Ti(C,N),晶界铁素体(GBF)较少,晶内有大量尺寸较大的侧板条铁素体(FSP),解理裂纹沿FSP的直线扩展使其韧性较差。氮含量0.021%时在CGHAZ中生成了较为粗大的(Ti, V)(C, N)和GBF,解理裂纹沿GBF扩展使其韧性较差。氮含量为0.012%时低温韧性较好,在CGHAZ中生成了大量细小的(Ti, V)(C, N)粒子,且GBF尺寸相对较小,晶内有大量的针状铁素体(AF)。这些因素都有利于阻止裂纹扩展,使其低温韧性显著提高。     

Effect of Cu addition on microstructure and impact toughness in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of high-strength low-alloy steels

The effects of Cu content on microstructure and impact toughness in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of high-strength low-alloy steels were investigated. It has been observed that the microstructure in the simulated CGHAZ of Cu-free steel is dominated by a small proportion of acicular ferrite and predominantly bainite with martensite–austenite constituent. Whereas, in the 0.45 and 1.01% Cu-containing steels, the acicular ferrite increased significantly due to the effective nucleation on intragranular inclusions with outer layer of MnS and CuS. The formation of acicular ferrite is attributed to superior high heat-affected zone impact toughness in the 0.45% Cu-containing steel. Furthermore, the increasing martensite–austenite constituent and ε-Cu precipitates in the simulated CGHAZ of 1.01% Cu-containing steel caused degradation in impact toughness.     

焊后热处理对T23钢热影响粗晶区微观组织的影响

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机和热处理炉对T23钢进行了焊接热模拟和焊后热处理试验,并运用金相、硬度、扫描电镜试验,研究了不同的焊后热处理温度对T23钢热影响粗晶区(CGHAZ)微观组织的影响.结果表明,焊态热模拟CGHAZ组织类型主要是板条马氏体和贝氏体的混合组织,具有很高的硬度.随着热处理温度的提高,CGHAZ晶粒趋于细化,硬度逐渐降低.但在700℃下,晶界出现了微孔洞和含W碳化物,硬度剧烈升高,应避免在此温度进行热处理.最后确定T23钢合理的焊后热处理为750℃×2h,可以获得良好的强韧性匹配.     

含Mg夹杂物对低合金高强度钢CGHAZ韧性的影响

摘要：采用Ca、Mg处理工艺研究不同夹杂物粒子对200kJ/cm大线能量焊接低合金高强度钢CGHAZ冲击韧性的影响,对各个试样CGHAZ的显微组织,晶粒尺寸和冲击功进行观察和分析。试验结果表明,在低合金高强度钢CGHAZ中,Mg处理钢的冲击性能明显高于Ca处理钢,主要原因是含Mg夹杂物粒子析出能力比含Ca夹杂物粒子强,在焊接过程中,含Mg夹杂物粒子对CGHAZ组织的钉扎作用更加显著;同时提高针状铁素体的含量,延长裂纹扩展路径,提高断裂时吸收的能量,使样品韧性得到提升。     

焊接工艺参数对X80管线钢焊接粗晶区低温韧性的影响

采用热模拟技术模拟了不同焊接条件下的焊接粗晶区 ,研究了工艺参数、组织和韧性的关系。结果表明 :线能量对冲击韧性的影响最为显著。当采用 8kJ/cm的线能量和 14 0℃的预热温度时 ,粗晶区的组织由板条贝氏体和一定量的粒状贝氏体组成 ,由于粒状贝氏体对板条贝氏体的分割作用 ,使板条贝氏体的长度较小 ,方向性弱 ,韧性优越。因此在焊接X80管线钢时 ,应采用较小的线能量和适当的预热温度。     

正火型V-N-Ti和Nb-V-Ti海工钢焊接粗晶热影响组织和韧性研究

用焊接热模拟方法研究了V-N-Ti和Nb-V-Ti微合金化正火型海工钢模拟粗晶热影响区(CGHAZ)组织和韧性的变化规律。结果表明,组织的不同使V-N-Ti设计正火型海工钢的模拟CGHAZ韧性比Nb-V-Ti钢的好。对于V-N-Ti钢,较高的N含量提高了富Ti(Ti, V)(C, N)粒子析出温度和铁素体形核能力,使模拟CGHAZ原始奥氏体晶粒和(取向差角为15°)晶粒细化,并生成能阻止或使解理裂纹的偏转细小多边形铁素体,因此具有良好的低温韧性。而Nb-V-Ti钢模拟CGHAZ原奥氏体晶界上的链状M-A、粗大的原始奥氏体晶粒和有效晶粒尺寸,是模拟CGHAZ韧性差的原因。     

Effect of inclusions on toughness and microstructures in simulated coarse-grain heat-affected zones of Al/Ti deoxidised and Nb/V microalloyed steels

To explore the effect of inclusions in the coarse-grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ), four groups were designed using the ‘Al/Ti deoxidised?+?Nb/V microalloyed’ technical route. The toughness of the CGHAZ of Al–Ti–V–N steel was greatly promoted by the presence of polygonal ferrite (PF) after high heat input rather than the traditionally used acicular ferrite (AF). Furthermore, micron-sized inclusions in AF or PF were analysed, and the results indicated that the TiN and V (CN) particles attached on the Ti/Al oxide inclusions induced the nucleation of AF and PF. That can be concluded that the nucleation mechanism of PF is similar to that of AF. In addition, smaller micron- and nanoscale-size inclusions observed by transmission electron microscopy could not induce the nucleation of AF and PF because of the low heterogeneous nucleation energy. Nevertheless, these inclusions can have a drag effect on grain boundary migration.