Hemispheric contributions to nonverbal abstract reasoning and problem solving.

Hemispheric involvement in reasoning abilities has been debated for some time, and it remains unclear whether the right hemisphere's involvement in problem solving is modality specific or dependent on the type of spatial reasoning required. In the current study, 2 types of nonverbal reasoning abilities were examined, spatial reasoning and proportional reasoning, in 109 patients with cerebrovascular disease that was confined to either the right or the left hemisphere or was diffuse in nature. Results indicated that no lateralizing effects were present based on type of spatial reasoning. Findings are consistent with the suggestion that higher order cognitive processes involved in nonverbal abstraction and problem solving are not strongly lateralized to the right hemisphere but rather are more generally distributed throughout the cortex. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Categorical ML — Category-theoretic modular programming

We consider an extension of the functional programming language Standard ML with a modular structure based upon concepts in category theory such as categories, functors, natural transformations and adjunctions. In essence, we are following the categorical imperative of considering arrows as well as objects. This is intended to enforce a certain mathematical rigour on the programmer, so that the only programs that can be expressed are those with a categorical significance. The essentially algebraic nature of category theory means that we may generate equational correctness conditions for the modular structure of programs, thus separating the correctness of individual functions from that of modules. We describe this programming language, give examples of its use, and explain how it is implemented in a type system.     

生物质可降解聚氨酯材料的研究进展

综述了近年来生物质可降解聚氨酯材料的种类,主要包括纤维素改性聚氨酯、低聚糖改性聚氨酯、木质素改性聚氨酯、单宁改性聚氨酯、树皮改性聚氨酯、淀粉改性聚氨酯及其它物质改性聚氨酯。     

利用语句结构信息的机器翻译自动评测初探

机器翻译评测对机器翻译有着极其重要的意义,它对翻译系统性能的提高做出了很大的贡献,同时促进了机器翻译的发展.本文在HNC机器翻译策略的基础上,对翻译语料的句类转换和句式转换做了初步的研究,并利用句类转换和句式转换的理论,建立了基于句类信息的自动评测的打分机制.     

多视点需求工程中视点集成过程的研究

多视点需求工程方法以视点的形式,分散、独立地获取和表示不同项目相关人员的需求信息.为生成一份统一的规格说明,必须对所有相关的视点进行集成.讨论了以公共开发方式作为视点的集成方式,并基于范畴理论对集成过程进行建模.同时,以公共开发的选取为导向,提出了视点集成的两种优化策略,并证明了它们的有效性.此外,讨论了视点集成的结果与集成的顺序之间的关系.     

基于范畴论的素描数据模型

针对关系数据库语义表达的不足,讨论了一种语义数据模型--基于范畴论的素描数据模型,从素描数据模型的形式化定义出发,以一种非形式化的方法分析了素描数据模型的基本概念,为更好地使用素描数据模型提供了基础.     

基于范畴计算的多目标语言程序生成架构

提出了一种基于范畴论的多目标语言程序生成架构,程序元素的元类型在程序元模型范畴中定义,常用的软件开发模式由元模型实例组成并带有可配置的参数,模式到可执行语言的表达式、函数、类型等映射由范畴函子统一定义。在实际应用开发时,通过函子计算将抽象模式精化到不同的目标语言程序范畴。各种语言的精化计算方式具有统一的契约规范,从而支持高度的灵活性和重用度水平。     

基于范畴的数据降维方法

范畴理论主要是一些特定数学的对象和映射的概括和抽象,在此利用范畴理论阐述图像分析和识别中的数据降维问题,定义高维数据降维范畴的过程,并以主成分分析范畴和等距映射范畴分别验证了范畴理论应用到图像数据降维问题中的正确性。     

知识的约简研究

本文首先给出了知识约简问题的形式定义,然后详细描述了知识库中面向范畴的约简,面向属性的约简和面向规则的约简方法,分别提出了面向属性的约简算法和面向规则的约简算法,最后进行了一些讨论。     

Presheaves as Configured Specifications

The paper addresses a notion of configuring systems, constructing them from specified component parts with specified sharing. This notion is independent of any underlying specification language and has been abstractly identified with the taking of colimits in category theory. Mathematically it is known that these can be expressed by presheaves and the present paper applies this idea to configuration. We interpret the category theory informally as follows. Suppose ? is a category whose objects are interpreted as specifications, and for which each morphism u : X→Y is interpreted as contravariant ‘instance reduction’, reducing instances of specification Y to instances of X. Then a presheaf P: Set ^?op represents a collection of instances that is closed under reduction. We develop an algebraic account of presheaves in which we present configurations by generators (for components) and relations (for shared reducts), and we outline a proposed configuration language based on the techniques. Oriat uses diagrams to express colimits of specifications, and we show that Oriat's category Diag(?) of finite diagrams is equivalent to the category of finitely presented presheaves over ?. Received May 1998 / Accepted in revised form August 2000