一种抗运动干扰的实时心率提取方法

针对基于容积脉搏波（PPG）提取运动心率时，传统心率提取算法由于运动噪声干扰使测量结果误差大、实时性不好的问题，提出一种抗运动干扰的实时心率提取方法。该方法通过实时小波去噪，同时结合三轴加速度信号（ACC）对运动进行分类训练，计算各运动状态心率增益，对实时心率值进行补偿。实验结果表明，通过与同时采集的ECG信号计算出的实时心率进行对比，绝对误差率仅为1.2%左右。相比传统心率提取算法，该算法具有抗干扰性强，实时准确的特点。     

Preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic silica-based surfaces by using polypropylene glycol and tetraethoxysilane precursors

Preparation of superhydrophobic silica-based surfaces via sol-gel process by adding polypropylene glycol (PPG) polymer into the precursor solution has been developed. Surface roughness of the films was obtained by removing the organic polymer at 500 °C and then the hydrophobic groups bonded onto the films were obtained by chemical reaction with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Physical properties of the as-prepared films were analyzed by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-VIS scanning spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The experimental parameters were varied by the type of silane species, the weight ratio of PPG solution to precursor solution, the hydrolysis time of the precursor solution, the molecular weight of PPG, the casting temperature and the evaporation temperature. The phase separation of the PPG polymer rich domain occurred on the substrates at a lower temperature. The result showed that the contact angles of the films prepared at 5 °C were greater than 150° when the weight ratio of PPG solution to precursor solution was 5. In addition, the transmittance of the films was greater than 80% simultaneously.     

Non-Contact Physiological Measurement System for Wearing Masks During the Epidemic

Physiological signals indicate a person’s physical and mental state at any given time. Accordingly, many studies extract physiological signals from the human body with non-contact methods, and most of them require facial feature points. However, under COVID-19, wearing a mask has become a must in many places, so how non-contact physiological information measurements can still be performed correctly even when a mask covers the facial information has become a focus of research. In this study, RGB and thermal infrared cameras were used to execute non-contact physiological information measurement systems for heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and forehead temperature for people wearing masks due to the pandemic. Using the green (G) minus red (R) signal in the RGB image, the region of interest (ROI) is established in the forehead and nose bridge regions. The photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms of the two regions are obtained after the acquired PPG signal is subjected to the optical flow method, baseline drift calibration, normalization, and bandpass filtering. The relevant parameters in Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for the regression model can correctly predict the heartbeat and blood pressure. In addition, the temperature change in the ROI of the mask after thermal image processing and filtering can be used to correctly determine the number of breaths. Meanwhile, the thermal image can be used to read the temperature average of the ROI of the forehead, and the forehead temperature can be obtained smoothly. The experimental results show that the above-mentioned physiological signals of a subject can be obtained in 6-s images with the error for both heart rate and blood pressure within 2%~3% and the error of forehead temperature within ±0.5°C.     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚丙二醇共聚醚酯热性能研究

采用熔融缩聚法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚丙二醇共聚醚酯（PET/PPG）,并采用核磁共振氢谱（1H-NMR）、热重分析（TGA）、差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、动态热分析（DMA）等研究了材料的结构与热性能,1H NMR结果证明了PET/PPG共聚物结构的存在,而且共聚物的组成与投料比非常接近;热分析的结果表明,聚醚链段的引入对热稳定性和熔融温度的影响不大,而玻璃化转变温度、冷结晶温度、冷结晶焓、储能模量、损耗正切的峰温均有明显下降.     

聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚合成工艺研究

环氧丙烷聚醚是以 -OH为端基 ,当作为增韧剂与环氧树脂反应时 ,活性较小。通过将聚醚二端引入环氧基团 ,制备聚醚类二缩水甘油醚 ,以提高聚醚类增韧剂的增韧性和反应活性。对合成工艺参数和产品性能进行了探讨     

由可见光谱视频中提取心率的对角累积量法

由于使用经典的联合近似特征对角化(JADE)算法从视频中估计光电容积脉搏波(Photoplethysmography,PPG)信号,再经快速傅里叶变换转化成的心率值与真实心率值的误差较大,本文提出使用基于对角累积量算法从视频中分离PPG信号,再经过快速傅里叶变换转换成心率的方法来提高心率测量的准确性。进行了从RGB彩色可见光视频信号中恢复心率值的实验。对比实验表明,基于对角累积量分离算法所得心率值与真实心率值差的绝对值的统计特征参数较JADE算法均有所降低,均值、标准差、均方根误差平均分别下降1.46,4.98和4.49。通过Bland-Altman图的分析表明,在95%的置信区间内,对角累积量算法所得心率的浮动范围较JADE算法减小了2倍以上,显示对角累积量算法具有更高的估计精度,对肤色亮度和外界自然光的要求更低,通过调整参数值,可使运行时间控制在1s之内,基本满足实时提取心率的要求。     

Ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone by poly(propyleneglycol) in the presence of a monomer activator

The ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone (CL) was induced by using polypropylene glycol (PPG) as an initiator in the presence of the monomer activator HCl·Et₂O to synthesize triblock copolymers composed of PPG and poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL). The degree of CL conversion and the molecular weight of PCL increased linearly with the polymerization time or with the feed ratio of CL to PPG in the presence of HCl·Et₂O in CH₂Cl₂ at 25 °C. The PCLs obtained had molecular weights close to the theoretical values calculated from the CL:PPG molar ratios and exhibited monomodal GPC curves with narrow polydispersity indexes. The apparent rate constant (k_app) for the polymerization of CL activated by HCl·Et₂O was greatly affected by the ratio of HCl·Et₂O/PPG. The activation energy for the polymerization of CL in this system was estimated to be 49.8 kJ/mol K. We successfully prepared PPG and PCL triblock copolymers using this activated monomer mechanism.     

聚氨酯结构对聚氨酯改性环氧树脂胶粘剂粘接性能的影响

合成了含不同硬段、软段及软段数均相对分子质量(M_n)的端异氰酸酯聚氨酯(IPTE),在一定条件下将其与环氧树脂E-51的仲羟基进行反应,制取聚氨酯(PU)改性环氧树脂(EP)。在相同固化条件下,测试了PU改性EP胶粘剂的剪切强度和剥离强度。研究结果表明,无论硬段是二苯基甲烷-4,4′-二异氰酸酯(MDI)还是甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI),剥离强度均随着软段M_n的增加而增大,特别是当硬段为MDI时,剥离强度可分别增加2.4倍[软段为端羟基聚醚二元醇(PPG)]和6倍[软段为端羟基聚酯二元醇(PA)];而当PPG为软段时,剪切强度随着软段M_n的增加而逐渐降低;当PA为软段时,剪切强度随着软段M_n的增加呈先升后降的趋势,当M_n=1000时达到最大值。     

The role of the ratio (PEG:PPG) of a triblock copolymer (PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG) in the cure kinetics,miscibility and thermal and mechanical properties in an epoxy matrix

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of different poly(ethylene glycol):poly(propylene glycol) (PEG:PPG) molar ratios in a triblock copolymer in the cure kinetics, miscibility and thermal and mechanical properties in an epoxy matrix. The poly(propylene glycol)‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(propylene glycol) (PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG) triblock copolymers used had two different molecular masses: 3300 and 2000 g mol^?1. The mass concentration of PEG in the copolymer structure played a key role in the miscibility and cure kinetics of the blend as well as in the thermal–mechanical properties. Phase separation was observed only for blends formed with the 3300 g mol^?1 triblock copolymer at 20 wt%. Concerning thermal properties, the miscibility of the copolymer in the epoxy matrix reduced the T_g value by 13 °C, although a 62% increase in fracture toughness (K_IC) was observed. After the addition of PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG with 3300 g mol^?1 there was a reduction in the modulus of elasticity by 8% compared to the neat matrix; no significant changes were observed in T_g values for the immiscible system. The use of PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG with 2000 g mol^?1 reduced the modulus of elasticity by approximately 47% and increased toughness (K_IC) up to 43%. Finally, for the curing kinetics of all materials, the incorporation of the triblock copolymer PPG‐b‐PEG‐b‐PPG delayed the cure reaction of the DGEBA/DDM (DGEBA, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A; DDM, Q3‐4,4′‐Diaminodiphenylmethane) system when there is miscibility and accelerated the cure reaction when it is immiscible. All experimental curing reactions could be fitted to the Kamal autocatalytic model presenting an excellent agreement with experimental data. This model was able to capture some interesting features of the addition of triblock copolymers in an epoxy resin. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry