柴油脱硫菌Rhodococcus sp.的分离及其性质考察

石油产品中的硫经过燃烧以SOx形式排放到大气中,对环境造成了严重的污染。生物脱硫被认为可以有效补充甚至取代传统的加氢脱硫(HDS)。从土壤中分离纯化得到47株菌又经进一步复筛得到7株有明显脱硫效果的菌,最终选出一株降解二苯并噻吩(DBT)的高效菌,经鉴定为红球菌Rhodococcussp.定名为ZY-75。通过正交实验确定该菌株的最佳发酵条件为:温度为30℃,硫源DBT的质量浓度为94.0mg/L,氮源NH4NO3的质量浓度为2.0g/L,碳源甘油的质量浓度为5g/L,培养时间为4d,pH值为7.0。并且初步考察了该菌株对柴油的脱出率,优化其发酵条件后DBT降解率达68%,该菌株对抚顺石油二厂重油催化裂化柴油和南油催化裂化柴油中硫的脱出率分别达到24.50%和31.19%。     

Medium optimization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodococcus erythropolis</Emphasis> LSSE8-1 by Taguchi methodology for petroleum biodesulfurization

High production of Rhodoccus erythropolis LSSE8-1 and its application for the treatment of diesel oils was investigated. Culture conditions were optimized by Taguchi orthogonal array experimental design methodology. High cell density cultivation of biocatalyst with pH control and fed-batch feeding strategies was further validated in a fermentor with the optimal factors. Cell concentration of 23.9 g dry cells/L was obtained after 96 h cultivation. The resting cells and direct fermentation suspension were applied for deep desulfurization of hydrodesulfurized diesel oils. It was observed that the sulfur content of the diesel decreased from 248 to 51 μg/g by two consecutive biodesulfurizations. It implied that the biodesulfurization process can be simplified by directly mixing cell cultivation suspension with diesel oil. The biocatalyst developed with the Taguchi method has the potential to be applied to produce ultra-low-sulfur petroleum oils.     

Modeling the relationship between microbial biomass and total viable count for a new bacterial isolate used in biodesulfurization of petroleum and its fractions

Microbial parameters in a biodesulfurization batch process are often needed to be defined as mass (mg/mL) rather than total viable count (cells/mL) or optical density. This study illustrates mathematical correlations between different techniques used for following up the growth of a new biodesulfurizing bacterial isolate.     

Microbial desulfurization of dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene in dodecane and straight-run diesel oil

The desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) and their mixture by lyophilized cells ofPseudomonas delafieldii R-8 was studied in the presence of dodecane. The desulfurization rate for 4,6-DMDBT was found to be about 40% in comparison with that for DBT. The desulfurization process for DBT and 4,6-DMDBT proceeded simultaneously without preference for either one. The desulfurization rate for each compound was decreased when they were mixed together. The extent of desulfurization of 4,6-DMDBT was increased with the increase of cell concentration and the decrease of the volume ratio of oil-to-water used. The specific desulfurization rate for 4,6-DMDBT could be reached to 10.4 mmol sulfur kg⁻¹ (cell) h⁻¹ [approximately 0.33 mg sulfur g⁻¹ (cell) h⁻¹].Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 showed high desulfurization capability for straight-run diesel oil (containing 1,807 mg/L of sulfur). About 1,000 mg/L of sulfur in diesel oil was removed by resting cells of this strain in 24 h of reaction. The specific desulfurization rate was 8.75 mmol sulfur kg⁻¹ (cell) h⁻¹.     

石油生物催化深度脱硫

简要综术字国外石油生物催化脱硫研究的新进展,介绍了生物催化脱硫的发展趋势和应用前景。     

Biodesulfurization of the Tabas deposit coal by microorganisms

The results are presented for the investigations of sulfur removal from coal by a mixed culture of microorganisms. Optimal conditions of the process are established (pH, size of coal particles, pulp density, temperature, etc.). They make it possible to reduce the content of pyrite and total sulfur by 91.84 and 53.5%, respectively. The decrease in ash content of coal under its leaching is noted.Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 101–112 May–June, 2004.     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌氧化Fe~(2+)的动力学研究

氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans,简称T.f菌)氧化Fe2+为Fe3+,可从中获得能量得以生长,Fe2+的氧化速度表征其代谢活性。文章设计了不同初始Fe2+浓度、pH值、接种量等条件培养T.f菌,测定培养过程中Fe2+浓度,通过对试验数据进行非线性拟合,得出了适合T.f菌生长过程的氧化Fe2+动力学模型,该模型拟合效果较好。研究中还对该模型进行了理论预示,得出了初始Fe2+浓度对T.f菌氧化动力学影响较大的结论。     

CHARMM force field parameters for 2′-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate, 2-hydroxybiphenyl,and related analogs

2′-Hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate (HBPS) desulfinase (DszB) catalyzes the cleavage of the carbon-sulfur bond from HBPS in the final step of microbial 4S pathway desulfurization reactions. DszB is notable for its substrate specificity and exhibits product inhibition, both of which hinder the overall 4S pathway turnover rate. To understand the molecular-level contributions to substrate and inhibitor binding to DszB, we plan to perform molecular dynamic simulations bound to an array of naphthenic molecules and biphenyl analogues of HBPS. However, many of the small molecules we are interested in are not included in standard force field packages, and thus, we must first produce accurate molecular mechanics force fields. Here, we develop and validate CHARMM-compatible force field parameters for the HBPS substrate, the 2-hydroxybiphenyl product, and potential inhibitors including: 2,2′-biphenol, 2-biphenyl carboxylic acid, 1,8-naphthosultam, and 1,8-naphthosultone. The selected molecules represent biphenyl compounds having both a single and double functional group and the planar naphthenic molecule class, all likely present in the oil-rich environment surrounding DszB-producing microorganisms. The Force Field Toolkit (ffTK) in VMD was used to optimize charge, bond distance, angle, and dihedral parameters. Optimized geometries were determined from quantum mechanical calculations. Molecular simulations of the molecules in explicit and implicit water solutions were conducted to assess the abilities of optimized parameters to recapitulate optimized geometries. Calculated infrared (IR) spectra were obtained and compared with experimental IR spectra for validation of the optimized MM parameters.