Microstructure evolution and cooperative reinforcement mechanisms of Al2O3/Al2O3 joints brazed by low-melting borosilicate glass

The Al₂O₃/SiO₂–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃–Na₂O glass/Al₂O₃ joints reinforced cooperatively by glass matrix and in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers were obtained via a low-melting borosilicate glass braze. The composition of glass seam transformed from SiO₂–B₂O₃–Na₂O to SiO₂–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃–Na₂O due to continuous diffusion and dissolution of Al₂O₃. An appropriate amount of [AlO₄] units introduced into the glass braze played a vital role in strengthening the glass network structure resulting to considerably improved mechanical strength of the glass seam. Meanwhile, plenty of in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers growing from the Al₂O₃/glass braze interface to the center of glass seam in various directions generated. Three-dimensional crisscross structures were fabricated at the Al₂O₃/glass braze interface domains, where were enhanced by crack-bridging and pull-out effect of the whiskers. Generally, ascribed to the cooperative reinforcement of the glass matrix in the seam and in-situ Al₄B₂O₉ whiskers at Al₂O₃/glass braze interface domains through reactions of Al₂O₃ and borosilicate glass braze, strength of the as-brazed joints was promoted prominently. The shear strength of the joints reached a maximum of 61 MPa brazed at 1050 °C for 60 min.     

Al2O3/Ti生物相容连接接头微观组织及力学性能

文中对Al₂O₃陶瓷和金属Ti表面磁控溅射Mo和Ti金属层,以纯Au箔钎料,研究连接工艺及Ti金属化层厚度对连接接头微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,焊缝主要由Au钎料和（Au,Mo） ss构成,（Au,Mo） ss中含有少量（Ti,Mo） ss和TixAuy金属间化合物.另外,在Al₂O₃/钎料界面处及焊缝中存在少量呈条状分布的TiO₂和Ti_xAl_y金属间化合物.连接工艺及Ti金属化层厚度主要影响各物相的数量及分布状态,通过影响焊缝中固溶体的分布均匀性及金属间化合物的数量而影响接头抗剪强度.当连接温度为1 080℃、保温时间为5 min、Ti金属化层厚度为0.2 μm时,接头的抗剪强度达到最大值138 MPa.     

钎焊中高温氧化对硬质合金的影响

研究了YG-11C硬质合金在900、950、1000℃下加热的氧化行为,并测试了在钎焊过程中受氧化的硬质合金刀头性能。结果表明,硬质合金在900℃以上加热10 min发生氧化,硬质相WC和粘结相Co被氧化成WO3和Co WO4;氧化后的硬质合金发生变形及增重,随温度升高,氧化现象更严重,变形增重更明显;高温钎焊后的硬质合金刀头表面氧化后,微观组织变得疏松多孔,硬度及耐磨性明显降低。     

制冷装置管道钎焊工艺

钎焊作为一种常用的焊接方法,在形状复杂和薄壁零件连接中获得广泛应用。本文针对制冷装置中管道连接的特点和要求,阐述制冷装置管道钎焊工艺的要点,包括钎焊前的检查和准备、加热焊接中的操作要领和钎焊后处理等。     

沥青砼路面铣刨刀具成形工艺设计

借鉴国内外同类刀具结构,设计路面铣刨刀具5CrMnMo刀体锻造成形工艺,并给出锻造成形用模具设计过程,设计对扣式预锻和哈夫式终锻胎模。同时设计YG8硬质合金刀头与5CrMnMo刀体采用105钎料炉中气体保护钎焊的连接成形工艺。经测试所设计成形工艺能够使国产沥青砼路面铣刨刀具使用寿命达到国外相关产品使用寿命水平。     

Flux modification for AC-TIG braze welding of aluminium to stainless steel

A modified flux consisting of KAlF₄ and aluminium powder was developed for AC-TIG braze welding of aluminium to stainless steel. By employing the flux, the arc instability and wetting angle was decreased significantly, and therefore a good joint shape was obtained. The wetting and spreading behaviour as well as the action mechanism of the flux were changed. Microstructure analysis suggested that the intermetallic compound (IMC) thickness increased obviously when the addition percentage of aluminium powder in the flux exceeded 40 wt-%. Results of tensile tests illustrated that a significant improvement in mechanical properties of the butt joint was obtained with the modified flux, and tensile strength increased from 125 to 170 MPa in maximum. Relationships between aluminium powder content in the flux and wetting angle, IMC thickness as well as tensile strength were established. Results indicated that the joint strength was affected both by weld shape and IMC thickness.     

带锯条高频钎焊工艺研究

通过对万能工具锯床带锯条高频感应钎焊工艺及其对带锯条组织影响的研究,确定了带锯条高频钎焊的合理工艺。实验结果表明,高频感应钎焊锯条焊口的抗拉强度、延伸率和弯曲性能分别为对接熔焊锯条的2.6倍、1.9倍和3.6倍。装机试验证明,高频感应钎焊旧锯条的寿命可赶上原锯条寿命。     

高温钎料PdCu-Ti在氧化铝陶瓷上的润湿性及界面反应

本文采用座滴法试验研究了合金系统ＰｄＣｕ－Ｔｉ在Ａｌ２Ｏ３上润湿性的变化规律，探讨了界面冶金及结合等行为，运用热力学理论对结果进行了分析，随Ｔｉ含量的增加及Ｐｄ含量的减少润湿角逐渐降低，Ｔｉ的加入使界面发生了一个双重变化；液相侧富氧，钛吸收层的生成及随后的固相侧氧化钛的生成，只有界面上生成一氧化钛，才能有较好的润湿行为和较强的结合力。     

采用加压瞬间液相连接技术焊接T91钢管

在1 230～1 260 ℃温度范围内进行了T91钢管的加压瞬间液相连接,利用电子探针研究了焊接温度对接头组织、成分的影响.结果表明:随着连接温度的提高,合金元素在接头区扩散加剧,接头组织趋于均匀化,但在1 260℃的连接温度下,接头区出现孔洞.采用先加热到1 260℃短时保温再降至1 230℃长时保温的双温加热模式,不仅可减少焊缝区的缺陷,而且可消除连接界面,实现无缝连接.接头拉伸时在母材断裂,弯曲180°不断,性能达到母材水平.另外,与钎料压力焊接头相比,加压瞬间液相连接接头变形小,两连接管具有很好的同轴度.     

电弧钎焊技术的应用及发展

阐述了TIG钎焊和MIG钎焊两种方法的工作原理及特点,比较了这两种焊接方法的异同,介绍了其焊接工艺过程和注意事项;详细介绍了电弧钎焊技术在国内外的发展历史,许多国家都已经对其进行了深入的研究,焊接工作者已经研制成功了电弧钎焊专用焊丝、焊机等;针对电弧钎焊具有硬钎焊和熔化焊的双重特点,对比分析了电弧钎焊与电弧焊和钎焊的异同,探讨了其应用领域和发展前景,在汽车业镀锌钢板连接、薄壁件生产以及异种材料连接上得到了广泛应用.电弧钎焊技术已经成为一种高效实用的焊接技术,将会得到更为广泛的应用.