复合亲水胶体及预糊化工艺在玉米挂面研制中的应用

通过添加复合亲水胶体,采用预糊化工艺,研究了纯玉米挂面的制作工艺及配方,其最佳工艺及配方为：玉米粉100％,海藻酸钠0．4％,CMC0．2％,黄原胶0．05％,高筋面粉8％,总加水量45％;预糊化程度7成。     

预糊化淀粉在食品中应用的研究进展

随着改性淀粉的不断发展,近年来人们对安全、环保、营养及便捷的改性淀粉需求显著增强,而预糊化淀粉(pre-gelatinized starch, PGS)是一种由物理方法改性的淀粉,其具有绿色环保和使用便捷的特点,更具备冷水可溶性、强保水性及黏弹性等。PGS作为一种性能优良且资源丰富的可降解生物改性原料,在面制品、米制品、烘焙食品及休闲食品等领域都有着广泛的应用。文章简述了PGS的制备方法、性质特点及开发应用,重点介绍了其在食品工业中应用的研究现状,并对其未来的研究方向及应用领域进行展望,旨在为推进PGS在食品工业中的应用提供参考。     

Crystallinity and Rheological Properties of Pregelatinized Rice Starches Differing in Amylose Content

Three rice starches with different amylose contents (Glutinous: 1.4%, Jasmine: 15.0% and Chiang: 20.2%) were pregelatinized in a double drum dryer at 110, 117 and 123°C. Starch crystallinity was determined by X‐ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Rheological properties were assessed by a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) and rheometer. Pregelatinized starches obtained from Glutinous (PGS) and Jasmine rice (PJS) gave an RVA pasting profile with cold peak viscosity. At drum temperature 110°C, PGS and PJS showed X‐ray patterns that were indicative of amorphous structures. However, pregelatinized Chiang rice starch (PCS) exhibited RVA hot peak viscosity and the presence of an amylose‐lipid complex with remaining granule structure. The PCS had a lower water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI) than PJS and PGS. After pregelatinization at increased drum temperature (117, 123°C), the PGS had a lower WAI, whereas PCS showed an opposite trend indicating lower degree of granule disruption. In addition, the cold peak viscosity of PGS and PJS decreased with increasing drum temperature. For all drum temperatures, the apparent viscosity at 25°C for PGS and PJS decreased with increasing shear rate, indicating shear‐thinning behavior.