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1.
《Journal of dairy science》2022,105(11):8621-8637
Lactobacillus reuteri fortified camel milk infant formula (CMIF) was produced. The effect of encapsulation in different matrices (sodium alginate and galacto-oligosaccharides) via spray drying, simulated infant gastrointestinal digestion (SIGID), and storage conditions (temperature and humidity) on the viability of L. reuteri in CMIF and the physicochemical properties of CMIF were evaluated. Compared with free cells, probiotic cell viability was significantly enhanced against SIGID conditions upon encapsulation. However, L. reuteri viability in CMIF decreased after 60 d of storage, predominantly at higher storage humidity and temperature levels. At the end of the storage period, significant changes in the color values were observed in all CMIF, with a reduction in their greenness, an increase in yellowness, and a wide variation in their whiteness. Moreover, pH values and caking behavior of all CMIF stored at higher temperature (40°C) and humidity [water activity (aw) = 0.52] levels were found to be significantly higher than the samples stored under other conditions. Over 30 d of storage at lower humidity conditions (aw = 0.11 and 0.33) and room temperature (25°C), no significant increase in CMIF lipid oxidation rates was noted. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that, compared with the other storage conditions, CMIF experienced fewer changes in functional groups when stored at aw = 0.11. Microscopic images showed typical morphological characteristics of milk powder, with round to spherical-shaped particles. Overall, camel milk fortified with encapsulated L. reuteri can be suggested as a promising alternative in infant formula industries, potentially able to maintain its physicochemical characteristics as well as viability of probiotic cells when stored at low humidity levels (aw = 0.11) and temperature (25°C), over 60 d of storage.  相似文献   
2.
This research aimed at studying the potential use of monoglyceride (MG) structured emulsions (MSEs) as delivery and protective systems for probiotic bacteria in Ricotta cheese. To this purpose, a low-fat commercial Ricotta cheese was added with MSEs formulated with milk, as water phase, and sunflower oil (MSE-SO) or anhydrous milk fat (MSE-AMF), as lipid phase. A commercial whole milk Ricotta cheese (W-RC) was considered as reference. A probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus strain was inoculated as free cells in W-RC or embedded into the MSEs and added to the low-fat Ricotta at the same reference fat content. After physico-chemical characterisation, L. rhamnosus viability and sample destructuring behaviour upon in vitro digestion were evaluated. At the end of in vitro digestion, both W-RC and sample containing MSE-SO were unable to protect cells. By contrast, sample with AMF ensured a sufficient probiotic viability, even after 14 days of storage at 4 °C. This result was attributed to system composition and structure. During the gastric phase, the presence of caseins and MG-AMF mixed structures induced the formation of clots, entrapping and protecting cells against the acidic pH of the stomach, as confirmed by confocal micrographs and particle size. During the intestinal phase, cell viability was guaranteed by the formation of mixed micelles promoted by MG. It was demonstrated that microbial cells located near MG structures where they found protection.  相似文献   
3.
该研究探讨了从健康鲈鱼肠道中筛选分离出高效降胆固醇的乳酸菌,通过菌株鉴定、耐酸、耐胆盐、疏水性、自凝聚力和代谢物抑菌性评价的测定,评价并考察其体外益生作用。采用胆盐水解酶测定和体外降胆固醇试验,筛选分离得到一株高效降胆固醇的菌株ZG2YLu05,其胆盐水解酶(BSH)粗酶活和胆固醇去除率分别为0.82 µmol/(h?mL)和50.09%;在pH 3.0的培养条件下培养8 h,菌株的耐酸存活率为83.33%;在胆盐浓度0.3%的培养条件下培养8 h,菌株的耐胆盐存活率高达89.31%;在二甲苯中菌株的疏水性为46.82%,静置24 h后菌株的自凝聚力为92.93%,说明菌株具有良好的黏附潜力;菌株代谢物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌都有明显的抑制作用;经形态学观察和16S rDNA鉴定为戊糖乳杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus pentosus)。该菌株能够作为潜在降胆固醇乳酸菌用于开发辅助降脂益生菌制剂的生产。  相似文献   
4.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is increasing worldwide, and there are no long-term preventive strategies to stop this growth. Emerging research shows that perturbations in the gut microbiome significantly contribute to the development of T2D, while microbiome modulators may be beneficial for T2D prevention. However, microbiome modulators that are effective, safe, affordable, and able to be administered daily are not yet available. Based on our previous pro- and prebiotic studies, we developed a novel synbiotic yogurt comprised of human-origin probiotics and plant-based prebiotics and investigated its impact on diet- and streptozotocin-induced T2D in mice. We compared the effects of our synbiotic yogurt to those of a commercially available yogurt (control yogurt). Interestingly, we found that the feeding of the synbiotic yogurt significantly reduced the development of hyperglycemia (diabetes) in response to high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin compared to milk-fed controls. Surprisingly, the control yogurt exacerbated diabetes progression. Synbiotic yogurt beneficially modulated the gut microbiota composition compared to milk, while the control yogurt negatively modulated it by significantly increasing the abundance of detrimental bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. In addition, the synbiotic yogurt protected pancreatic islet morphology compared to the milk control, while the control yogurt demonstrated worse effects on islets. These results suggest that our newly developed synbiotic yogurt protects against diabetes in mice and can be used as a therapeutic to prevent diabetes progression.  相似文献   
5.
本文采用邻苯二甲醛法从喙鲸内脏中筛选分离出一株高效降胆固醇能力的乳酸菌HJ-S2,考察并研究了乳酸菌HJ-S2的体外益生性能。通过耐酸、耐胆盐测定菌株的益生作用,研究了其对致病菌的抑菌作用及对人结肠癌细胞HT-29的粘附能力,利用形态学、API50CH和16S rDNA对菌株进行鉴定。乳酸菌HJ-S2体外降胆固醇能力达到48.82%,在p H值3的酸性环境中培养3h耐受率达到82.73%,在含0.3%的胆盐环境中培养3 h耐受率达80.62%。菌株代谢物对致病菌大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌均有一定的抑菌作用,且菌株对人结肠癌细胞HT-29很强的粘附能力,粘附细菌数为132.52,经鉴定为植物乳杆菌Lactobacillus plantarum,并命名为HJ-S2(CGMCCNO:17720)。筛选得到的植物乳杆菌HJ-S2体外具有高效降胆固醇能力,可进一步开发为功能性微生态制剂。  相似文献   
6.
越来越多的证据表明益生菌可以通过微生物-肠-脑轴来调节大脑功能和行为。本试验利用行为模型从益生菌库中初筛选出7株具有抗抑郁样/焦虑样行为潜能的乳酸菌菌株。进一步采用明暗箱和高架十字迷宫实验研究乳酸菌对健康小鼠焦虑样行为的影响;利用悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验研究乳酸菌对健康小鼠抑郁样行为的影响。研究显示补充马乳酒样乳杆菌ZW3,植物乳杆菌MA2和植物乳杆菌299(10~8CFU)4周后,与空白对照小鼠相比,可以增加小鼠在明暗箱中亮箱的停留时间和高架十字迷宫实验中开臂的停留时间,改善小鼠的焦虑样行为;此外这3株菌还可以降低小鼠在悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验中的不动时间,改善小鼠的抑郁样行为;并且它们可以降低小鼠脑区生物标记物5-羟色胺含量以及血清皮质酮水平。这些结果表明马乳酒样乳杆菌ZW3,植物乳杆菌MA2和植物乳杆菌299作为益生菌,具有改善焦虑样和抑郁样行为的潜能。  相似文献   
7.
以实验室77株益生菌为研究对象,从其菌体细胞代谢物(cell-free excretory supernatants,CFS)和细胞内容物(cell-free extracts,CFE)两方面分析菌株对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性;同时还从耐酸性、细胞黏附性等方面对具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的菌株进行了益生特性评价;最后利用主成分分析进行综合性评价,以期筛选出具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用的益生菌。结果表明,77株益生菌的CFE对α-葡萄糖苷酶没有抑制作用;而CFS对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有一定的抑制作用,抑制率为2.53%~15.76%。选取抑制率明显高于其他益生菌(编号为ST-2、1.1881、GS-3和BLP12)菌株进行益生特性的研究。其中ST-2表现出很高的耐酸性和细胞黏附性;GS-3在模拟消化液中有很强的耐受性等,各菌株特性不一。主成分分析表明菌株BLP12的综合性能最好:其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率可达15.10%;于pH 2.0孵育3 h后,存活率能达到71.04%;于2.0%的胆盐条件下孵育24 h,存活率为0.70%;依次经模拟唾液、胃液、肠液消化后,存活率仍能达到88.27%,但对HT-29细胞的黏附率较低,仅为1.93%,总体上菌株BLP12对体外模拟胃肠环境的适应性很强。该菌株经过16S基因序列鉴定为植物乳杆菌,可作为降糖益生菌株应用于降糖食品的开发。  相似文献   
8.
9.
In this study, some probiotic characteristics such as antimicrobial activity, vancomycin resistance, growth ability at pH, resistance to bile salts, bile salt deconjugation and hydrophobicity of 30 Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans strains isolated and identified from raw milk and various dairy products were investigated. According to the study results, antimicrobial activity profiling, pH and bile salt resistance and bile salt deconjugation ability of Enterococcus strains varied depending on the species and strains and all the strains showed resistance to the tested bile salt concentrations. It was concluded that the E. faecium and E. durans strains tested showed probiotic characteristics and have the potential to be used in food production.  相似文献   
10.
为从酢辣椒筛选出具有益生特性的菌株,开发辣椒益生菌产品,本实验从地方特色发酵食品酢辣椒中分离得到16株乳酸菌,以产酸速度、耐人工胃液能力为指标进行初筛,通过生化实验和16S rDNA序列分析方法鉴定;并通过研究菌株对工艺逆境的耐受能力,表面疏水性和自聚合能力以及抑菌活性、抗氧化能力、降解亚硝盐能力和安全特性来评价乳酸菌的益生特性。结果表明:发酵乳杆菌17-1、发酵乳杆菌18-2和短乳杆菌L3-5能耐受0.4%苯酚、溶酶菌和热处理;具有较高的表面疏水性和自聚合能力;能产生具有广谱抑菌效果的细菌素来抑制病原菌的生长;菌株L3-5和17-1具有较高的抗氧化能力;3株菌都具有胆盐水解酶活性和产γ-氨基丁酸能力,并且都属于安全性菌株。综上所述,传统酢辣椒是分离益生乳酸菌新的天然来源,从中分离得到的发酵乳杆菌17-1、发酵乳杆菌18-2和短乳杆菌L3-5可以作为潜在的益生性菌株。  相似文献   
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