Strength and dilatancy behaviors of deep sands in Shanghai with a focus on grain size and shape effect

With rapid development of infrastructures like tunnels and open excavations in Shanghai, investigations on deeper soils have become critically important. Most of the existing laboratory works were focused on the clayey strata up to Layer 6 in Shanghai, i.e. at depth of up to 40 m. In this paper, Layers 7, 9, and 11, which were mostly formed of sandy soils at depth of up to 150 m, were experimentally investigated with respect to physico-mechanical behaviors. The stress–strain behaviors were analyzed by the consolidated drained/undrained (CD/CU) triaxial tests under monotonic loading. One-dimensional (1D) oedometer tests were performed to investigate the consolidation properties of the sandy soils. Specimens were prepared at three different relative densities for each layer. Also, the micro-images and particle size analyzers were used to analyze the shape and size of the sand grains. The influences of grain size, density, and angularity on the stress–strain behaviors and compressibility were also studied. Compared to the other layers, Layer 11 had the smallest mean grain size (D₅₀), highest compressibility, and lowest shear strength. In contrast, Layer 9 had the largest mean grain size, lowest compressibility, and highest shear strength. Layer 7 was of intermediate mean grain size, exhibiting more compressibility and less shear strength than that of Layer 9. Also, the critical state parameters and maximum dilatancy rate of different layers were discussed.     

Effects of deformation rate on properties of Nd,Y-codoped CaF2 transparent ceramics

Different deformation rates of Nd,Y-codoped CaF₂ transparent ceramics were prepared by ceramization of single crystals. The deformation rate effects on the crystallization behaviors, microstructures, mechanical properties, and optical performances were investigated for the first time. The results indicate that the comprehensive performances of Nd,Y-codoped CaF₂ ceramic (△a?=?62%) are the most optimal compared with other ceramics having different deformation rates (△a?=?34%, 40%, 50%, and 75%). In further investigations of the optical properties, the Nd,Y-codoped CaF₂ ceramic (△a?=?62%) sample exhibited a high transparency (T_a?>?91%, 3-mm thick，250?～?1200?nm), low light scattering, superior fracture toughness (K_1c?～?0.71?MPa·m^1/2), strong fluorescence emission, long lifetime (τ?=?348.72?μs), and broad FWHM (29.2?nm), promising a good candidate for high-power laser material.     

新冠肺炎疫情对上海经济社会发展的影响机制与应对策略

新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称新冠肺炎)疫情对上海经济社会发展造成了诸多影响,上海正在深入学习贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,坚定推进"两手抓、两手硬、两手赢"。通过电话咨询部分企业家、查阅媒体相关文献、对比SARS疫情、政策分析等方式,研究认为新冠肺炎疫情对上海经济发展的影响可以从"短期-中期-长期"的时间序列进行分析,而对社会发展影响则可从"个人-社区-城市-社会"空间序列进行探讨,在影响机制的基础上还提出了相应的对策建议。     

Influence of LiBO2 addition on the microstructure and lithium-ion conductivity of Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3(x = 0.3) ceramic electrolyte

Concerning the safety problems of conventional Li-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes, it is crucial to develop reliable solid-state electrolytes with high ionic conductivity. Li_1+xAl_xTi_2?x(PO₄)₃ (LATP, x = 0.3) is regarded as one of the most promising solid electrolytes due to its high ionic conductivity and excellent chemical stability to humidity.Herein, a new strategy is proposed for improving the sintering behavior and enhancing the ionic conductivity of LATP by using LiBO₂ as the sintering aid via liquid phase sintering. The as-prepared sample LATP with homogeneous microstructure and high relative density of 97.1% was successfully synthesized, yielding high total ionic conductivity of 3.5 × 10^?4 S cm^?1 and low activation energy of 0.39 eV at room temperature. It was found that the addition of LiBO₂ could effectively enhance the densification and increase the ionic conductivity of LATP electrolyte, proving an effective way to synthesis LATP ceramics by a simple and reliable route.     

城市滨水空间生态系统服务供需匹配的空间智慧

当前生态系统服务空间性研究大多在区域或城市尺度上开展,风景园林生态实践的指导性较为有限,研究聚焦场地尺度,旨在从生态系统服务供需视角看待城市滨水空间的发展与规划设计实践。在已有生态系统服务供需方面文献爬梳的基础上,提出影响需求的三大因素及其需求类型的划分方法,甄别影响城市滨水空间生态系统服务供给能力的核心指标,选取上海苏州河市区段进行实证研究,采取田野调查法、文献研究法,并基于GIS进行需求目标与供给能力的空间制图。通过拟合分析比对创新性地提出指导城市滨水空间生态实践的三大空间智慧:1)基于需求目标研判制定发展策略的空间智慧;2)分段分类型供给满足存量更新需求的空间智慧;3)生态系统服务供需平衡转向匹配的空间智慧,为城市滨水空间的生态实践提出理论依据、评价标准及技术支撑。     

上海软土的非饱和三轴强度

由于吸力的影响,非饱和土的力学性状与饱和土有着很大的差异,饱和土的有关强度理论无法简单地运用于解决非饱和土问题。本文通过室内吸力控制的非饱和土三轴剪切试验,研究上海地区软土的强度特征。结果表明:上海软土(④层灰色淤泥质粘土)非饱和强度在低吸力范围内,与吸力基本呈线性增长关系,验证了非饱和土的双变量强度理论的适用性;上海地区第④层灰色淤泥质粘土的非饱和土抗剪强度参数?b约为10.6°。随着非饱和土问题的研究的逐步深入,非饱和土强度理论在上海地区软土地层中的应用,还有待进一步研究和完善。     

适合中国城市特征的TOD规划设计原则

回答两个问题:①基于美国城市发展背景的TOD适用于中国城市吗?②如何使TOD原则在中国的城市发展背景下可操作?并总结出基于中国城市特征的的TOD规划设计原则.     

上海市磁悬浮交通规划与实践

磁悬浮交通是一种新型的交通工具 ,笔者从国际上的磁悬浮交通研究和发展的态势、以及上海市高速磁悬浮交通示范运营线的规划实践 ,论述了上海市规划建设磁悬浮交通的目的和意义 ,并提出了磁悬浮交通发展的初步设想     

上海近代城市规划及其制度背景与城市空间形态特征

基于上海多样拼贴的城市形态特征,分析了公共租界城市规划意识从无到有的历程以及法租界和1927年后上海市政府的城市规划,讨论重点是规划中对城市形态规定的差异及其不同实现途径和制度背景,找到不同城市形态的成因、显性特征和隐藏秩序.     

从规划管理体制的制约析上海市编制单元规划的改进方向

由于管理体制与市场运行机制之间存在较大差距,我国的规划管理工作存在诸多问题,涉及决策、实施、监督等各个规划环节.控详规划编制单元作为上海规划改革的重点,为解决规划管理中存在的问题提供了一定的可能性,但目前的编制单元规划仍停留在一般的技术层面.编制单元规划的改进可从明确法定地位、制定立法程序、规范编制体制和编制成果等方面入手.