生物标志物在生物药临床研究中的应用及生物分析策略

中国生物药研发进入快车道，新药研发费用不断攀升，但并没有提高药物上市的成功率，因此亟需对药物研发模式进行转变。为了提高药物研发成功率，以生物标志物为核心的转化医学新药研发模式被普遍接受。本文综述了以生物标志物为核心的转化医学新药研发思路，生物标志物在生物药临床研究中的应用，生物标志物生物分析策略，生物标志物在生物药临床研究中的机遇与挑战。通过对标国际，寻找中国优势，从生物标志物为立足点的转化医学研发模式寻找机遇，中国可以尽早做成具有全球影响力的创新药。     

The application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in clinical pharmacological oncology research

Metal-based anticancer agents are frequently used in the treatment of a wide variety of cancer types. The monitoring of these anticancer agents in biological samples is important to understand their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and metabolism. In addition, determination of metals originating from anticancer agents is relevant to assess occupational exposure of health care personnel working with these drugs. The high sensitivity of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has resulted in an increased popularity of this technique for the analysis of metal-based anticancer drugs. In addition to the quantitative analysis of the metal of interest in a sample, ICP-MS can be used as an ultrasensitive metal selective detector in combination with speciation techniques such as liquid chromatography. In the current review we provide a systematic survey of publications describing the analysis of platinum- and ruthenium-containing anticancer agents using ICP-MS, focused on the determination of total metal concentrations and on the speciation of metal compounds in biological fluids, DNA- and protein-adducts, and environmental samples. We conclude that ICP-MS is a powerful tool for the quantitative analysis of metal-based anticancer agents from multiple sample sources.     

SRB法处理酸性矿山废水的实验研究

硫酸盐酸性矿山废水是我国矿区水污染中对生态环境破坏影响最大的污染源之一,通过实验室静态实验确定高效SRB最佳生长条件参数为温度35℃,pH 7.0,COD/SO42-比值为1.3,Fe2+=150 mg/L。最后,利用自行设计、研制的内升流(流化床)外降流(生物膜滤池)式厌氧生物反应器进行同步除硫、脱氮、除磷、去除重金属离子酸性废水综合治理的可行性研究,实验表明这一研究思路和工艺设计是可行性的,废水综合处理可达到较为满意的效果。     

Bioconjugated silica nanoparticles: Development and applications

Advanced bioanalysis, including accurate quantitation, has driven the need to understand biology and medicine at the molecular level. Bioconjugated silica nanoparticles have the potential to address this emerging challenge. Particularly intriguing diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer and infectious disease as well as uses in gene and drug delivery, have also been found for silica nanoparticles. In this review, we describe the synthesis, bioconjugation, and applications of silica nanoparticles in different bioanalysis formats, such as selective tagging, barcoding, and separation of a wide range of biomedically important targets. Overall, we envisage that further development of these nanoparticles will provide a variety of advanced tools for molecular biology, genomics, proteomics and medicine. Electronic Supplementary Material  Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users.     

Photo‐electrochemical Bioanalysis of Guanosine Monophosphate Using Coupled Enzymatic Reactions at a CdS/ZnS Quantum Dot Electrode

A photo‐electrochemical sensor for the specific detection of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) is demonstrated, based on three enzymes combined in a coupled reaction assay. The first reaction involves the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐dependent conversion of GMP to guanosine diphosphate (GDP) by guanylate kinase, which warrants substrate specificity. The reaction products ADP and GDPare co‐substrates for the enzymatic conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate in a second reaction mediated by pyruvate kinase. Pyruvate in turn is the co‐substrate for lactate dehydrogenase that generates lactate via oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) NADH to NAD⁺. This third enzymatic reaction is electrochemically detected. For this purpose a CdS/ZnS quantum dot (QD) electrode is illuminated and the photocurrent response under fixed potential conditions is evaluated. The sequential enzyme reactions are first evaluated in solution. Subsequently, a sensor for GMP is constructed using polyelectrolytes for enzyme immobilization.     

微流控芯片电泳分析研究进展

综述了近年来微流控芯片技术设计加工、检测、应用方面的研究进展。主要包括电泳芯片制作的新方法、检测手段的创新以及在DNA、氨基酸、蛋白质、生物标记物、食品等方面的应用近况,并对微流控芯片电泳分析的发展进行了总结和展望。     

毛细管电泳-质谱联用技术及其在药物和生物分析中的应用

毛细管电泳-质谱（CE-MS）联用技术是在液相色谱-质谱联用技术基础上发展起来的一项新型分析技术,它结合了毛细管电泳具有的分离效率高、分离速度快、样品消耗量少以及质谱检测具有的高灵敏度和强结构解析能力等优点,现已成为倍受分析化学工作者关注的新型微量分析技术。目前,CE-MS联用技术是中药有效成分分析,体内药物分析以及生物样品,如氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质和多糖等分析的重要手段。本文对CE-MS联用技术中同轴鞘流及无鞘流纳流电喷雾等几种接口装置的研究进展,CE-MS技术在中药活性成分分析及多级质谱结构解析以及氨基酸、多肽及蛋白质等生物样品分析中的应用研究进行了综述,并对该技术的发展进行了展望。     

有机波谱与生物波谱分析新方法及计算机在现代分析化学中的应用

叙述了①有机波谱与生物波谱分析中的新方法;②计算机在现代有机分析中的应用;③质谱在有机分析中的应用。并对有机分析的发展进行了展望。     

β-胡萝卜素生产技术和市场分析

本文分析了β-胡萝卜素的国内外市场前景,以及3种生产工艺:化学合成、天然产物提取和生物法。其中重点介绍了生物法的生产工艺,投资额及消耗。生物法β-胡萝卜素具有良好的发展前景。