乳白玻璃制品中棕,蓝色条纹的分析

乳白玻璃制品中棕、蓝色条纹的分析傅喜英，马延伦（山东德州玻璃厂２５３０１９）ＴｈｅＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＣｏｒｄｓａｎｄＢｌｕｅＣｏｒｄｓｉｎｔｈｅＯｐａｌＧｌａｓｓＰｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ￥ＦｕＸｉｙｉｎｇ；ＭａＹａｎｌｕｎ（Ｓｈａｎｄｏｎ...     

欧泊的变彩机理及其应用开发

欧泊的变彩机理及其应用开发陈显求，姜玲章（中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所２０００５０）ＴｈｅＭｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆＰｌａｙ－ｏｆ－ＣｏｌｏｒａｎｄｔｈｅＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＯｐａｌｓ￥ＣｈｅｎＸｉａｎｑｉｕ；ＪｉａｎｇＬｉ...     

氟挥发对氟化物乳白玻璃瓶罐生产的影响

氟挥发对氟化物乳白玻璃瓶罐生产的影响陆德明，周俊梅，付希英（山东轻工业学院２５０１００）（山东德州玻璃厂２５３０１９）ＴｈｅＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｆＦｌｕｏｒｉｎｅＶｏｌａｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｎＰｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＦｌｕｏｒｉｄｅｏｐａｌＧｌａｓ...     

蛋白石轻质页岩开发与应用研究进展

介绍了嫩江蛋白石页岩可以配制出负离子添加剂，应用到涂料、橡胶、塑料、纤维等材料中，研究所形成的复合材料的结构和性能，制备出了21世纪环保型健康的新型功能材料。     

Spectroscopic investigations of nanoporous SiO2 impregnated with Ag β-diketonates from supercritical solution of carbon dioxide

Porous materials based on SiO₂ containing nanoparticles of silver (NP Ag) are perspective objects for different medico-biological and optoelectronic applications. In the present work nanoporous glasses Vycor (pore size ∼4 nm) and synthetic opal matrices (OM, void size ∼40 nm) impregnated with β-diketonates of silver (Ag(hfac)COD) via solution of supercritical carbon dioxide were studied. Paramagnetic molecules Cu(hfac)₂ were used as spectroscopic probes permitting to obtain the information about the incorporation of similar organometallic molecules into these matrices. Spectra of absorption and electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in the samples of porous SiO₂ containing Ag(hfac)COD were studied before and after heat treatment in air atmosphere. In both materials impregnated at temperature above 50 °C the absorption band at 420-430 nm (the plasmon resonance (PR) band)) typical for nanoparticles of metallic Ag is observed. This band increases in the intensity at heat treatment or at an increase in temperature of impregnation processing. Features of the formation of the PR band in each case depends on sizes and shape of voids in the samples as well as on conditions of heat treatment. The states of paramagnetic centers formed after Ag(hfac)COD introduction are analyzed.     

The effects of lithium hydroxide solution on alkali silica reaction gels created with opal

The reaction of Nevada opal with calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide solutions was investigated. In addition, opal was exposed to a combined solution of these three hydroxides. The progress of the three reactions was followed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD results indicated the presence of a low-angle peak exclusive to the lithium-based reactions. The NMR results suggested a change in the silicate structure in the presence of lithium. These techniques indicated that the reaction of the alkali with the opal starting material is inhibited and perhaps stopped in the presence of lithium hydroxide. SEM revealed that the morphology of the reaction products on the surface of the reacted opal grains is markedly different invariably. It was concluded that evidence to support the theory of a protective layer exists and that the nature of the layer varies with ion type.     

Breaking “Tirpitz”: Cryptanalysis of the Japanese-German joint naval cipher

This article gives the solutions of the only four messages known to still exist from the previously unbroken Japanese-German joint naval radio communications traffic in the system known as “Tirpitz,” which used the specially-designed model T Enigma machine. It also explains the methods used by the author to break the messages, and gives some background on the model T Enigma and its usages.     

Template synthesis of structured titania using inverse opal gels

Inverse opal gels with varied content of acid groups were used as templates to synthesize structured crystalline titania materials. TiO₂ with opal, inverse opal, and gradient structure were obtained by altering composition of the gels and precursor concentration. The mechanism of the template synthesis by using opal gels was proposed.     

Fabrication and characterization of novel composite membranes composed of photonic crystals and TiO2 nanotube array films

Novel composite membranes composed of photonic crystals (PCs) and TiO₂ nanotube array (TNA) films have been fabricated by combining the room temperature floating self-assembly (RTFSA) method, recently developed by our research group, and the liquid-phase deposition technique. By applying this combined procedure, polystyrene (PS) opal PC/TNA and TiO₂ inverse opal PC/TNA composite membranes were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy analyses showed that the membrane samples possessed very high crystalline quality. Notably, the ordered packing of the PS microspheres from the top to the bottom of the opal PC film was not affected by the surface roughness of the porous TNA substrate. This is attributed to the self-assembly mechanism of the colloidal particles, which produces a three-dimensional ordered structure in the RTFSA method. Herein, the crystallization of the colloidal particles occurred at the surface of the colloidal suspension, and the crystal growth proceeded downward from the surface of the suspension to the substrate.     

Robust polymer gel opals - An easy approach by inter-sphere cross-linking gel nanoparticle assembly in acetone

Narrowly distributed poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIPAM-co-AA) nanoparticles with different particle sizes were synthesized and used as building blocks to form crystalline polymer gels. It was found that PNIPAM-co-AA nanoparticles can self-assemble into crystalline arrays in organic solvent as indicated by their iridescent colors and by the scattering peak in UV-vis spectra caused by Bragg diffraction. These crystalline structures were stabilized in acetone using epichlorohydrin to cross-link neighboring particles at ∼90 °C. The resultant opals had much higher polymer concentration than that of similar hydrogels. Due to their higher polymer contents, these opals had much better mechanical strength and could undergo the solvent exchange from an organic solvent to water without being broken. Kinetics of the solvent exchange was measured and explained in terms of the volume phase transition of the PNIPAM in mixed solvents. Shear modulus of the opal was measured in the linear stress-yield ranges for the same gel crystals in both acetone and water.