Applying Feature-Weighted Gradient Decent K-Nearest Neighbor to Select Promising Projects for Scientific Funding

Due to its outstanding ability in processing large quantity and high-dimensional data, machine learning models have been used in many cases, such as pattern recognition, classification, spam filtering, data mining and forecasting. As an outstanding machine learning algorithm, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) has been widely used in different situations, yet in selecting qualified applicants for winning a funding is almost new. The major problem lies in how to accurately determine the importance of attributes. In this paper, we propose a Feature-weighted Gradient Decent K-Nearest Neighbor (FGDKNN) method to classify funding applicants in to two types: approved ones or not approved ones. The FGDKNN is based on a gradient decent learning algorithm to update weight. It updatesthe weight of labels by minimizing error ratio iteratively, so that the importance of attributes can be described better. We investigate the performance of FGDKNN with Beijing Innofund. The results show that FGDKNN performs about 23%, 20%, 18%, 15% better than KNN, SVM, DT and ANN, respectively. Moreover, the FGDKNN has fast convergence time under different training scales, and has good performance under different settings.     

How does a bank's involvement interplay with a firm's capacity investment? An analysis and comparison of different consortium structures

As nonrecourse project finance (rather than financing on a sovereign basis) is becoming more prevalent worldwide, financing institutions have to collaborate more closely with firms to optimize capacity‐investment and financing decisions. Under this background, this paper presents a stylized Stackelberg games model, taking into account the firm's capacity investment as well as the bank's interest rate and funding ratio decisions. Consortium structures between bank and firm are formalized into five modes based on industry practice, namely, the integrated consortium, pure shareholder funding, bank as leader, full coordination, and bank as follower. The optimality and equilibrium of each of the five modes are analytically derived, and their existence and uniqueness are demonstrated. Valuable economic insights are obtained through both modeling analysis and numerical experiments, with the main findings including the following: (i) a lack of bank financing leads to insufficient capacity investment and poor consortium performance; (ii) interest rate and funding ratio play important but different roles in the bank's risk management; (iii) the bank's proactivity in leading and coordinating the consortium is critical for the two parties’ overall performance; and (iv) if the bank is the follower, the firm's capacity decision is irrelevant to the bank's loan contract, and the consortium cannot be coordinated to the first‐best level of performance.     

2021年度国家自然科学基金委员会化学工程与工业化学科学基金项目申请和评审工作综述

总结了2021年度国家自然科学基金委员会化学工程与工业化学科学基金各类项目的申请和资助情况,分析了化学工程与工业化学科学基金各类项目在实施新学科代码后的变化,并为下一年的项目申报工作提出了建议。     

Grant and contract activity in 2010.

Presents the grant and contract activity for 2010. The information provided includes the title, grant or sponsor, and total award. Most of the grants include multiyear funding. Only active grants in excess of $1,500 are listed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Oslo transport packages 1–3: success by local initiatives

Queues, traffic jam and chaos characterised Oslo in the 1980s. The region Oslo/Akershus had for decades in vain been waiting for national finance in order to solve the problem. A local transport package based on road charging gave the funding for building roads. The region grew by 22% in population in the period 2000–2012. The road traffic has increased by 6% and the public transport by 38% in Oslo, a massive success. Sixty percent of the funds are now invested in public transport. Public attitudes are rather positive. There are still queues, but they are reduced. The local firm ‘Fjellinjen’ owned by Oslo and Akershus do not pay dividends and has reduced administrative and running costs to 10%.     

Local‐scale Benefits of River Connectivity Restoration Planning Beyond Jurisdictional Boundaries

Conservation planning aims to optimize outcomes for select species or ecosystems by directing resources toward high‐return sites. The possibility that local benefits might be increased by directing resources beyond the focal area is rarely considered. We present a case study of restoring river connectivity for migratory fish of the Great Lakes Basin by removing dams and road crossings within municipal jurisdictions versus their broader watersheds. We found that greater river connectivity could often be achieved by considering both intra‐jurisdictional and extra‐jurisdictional barriers. Focusing on jurisdictional barriers alone generally forfeited <20% (median = 0%) of habitat gains for those who value solely habitat gains within the jurisdiction, but >75% (median = 100%) for planners who value larger‐scale habitat gains. Similarly, cost savings tended to be between ?50% and +50%, but in some cases were very negative. Our study underscores the local‐scale benefits of broadening restoration investments, especially for decision makers of the Great Lakes Basin and contributes to a discussion of appropriate and efficient scales of conservation planning. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

零售商资金约束供应链中的金融服务与营运管理协调策略

基于零售商存在资金约束和破产成本的条件假设,研究由一个供应商与一个零售商组成的二级供应链中的外部金融服务和营运管理协调策略.研究表明,不确定需求分布下零售商的融资能力和订购水平是有限的.资金不足零售商可通过外部金融服务实现最优订购,为供应链创造价值,并且金融市场的竞争程度、零售商的初始资金量和破产成本率会影响零售商的订购策略、供应商的批发价策略和供应链绩效.     

北京基础研究发展现状与相关政策研究

从战略部署、优先领域、人才状况、经费投入、管理体制,以及自然科学基金的资助体系、资助格局、管理与评审办法等方面,全面分析、描述了北京基础研究的发展现状,并对北京基础研究的发展定位、经费投入、机制创新、管理制度等方面提出了建议.     

Advancing mental health in political places.

The author describes his career as a psychologist serving in elected office. He found that by his attending to individual concerns, supporting community consensus on key issues, playing the outsider role, leading an issue individually, and calling media attention to a problem, city hall could be moved to action. In the state legislature, the author serves in the minority but has made an impact by amending legislation, sponsoring less controversial bills, or generating enough public support for a bill that the majority advances its own similar bill. He identified the following mental health needs in Ohio: better understanding by legislators of the nature and impact of mental illness, adequate funding, mental health parity legislation, and more effective advocacy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A national imperative: Public funding of psychological services.

This article discusses the history of Canadian psychology and the publicly funded health care system. Reasons are provided for the current situation, in which psychology is largely not publicly funded, and the current situation in psychology is contrasted with that history, to make the argument that modifications are possible. Different models and methods of funding, related to service providers, service recipients, and the actual services themselves are reviewed. An argument is made that public funding should be provided to clinical psychologists who provide empirically supported services to patients with diagnosable mental health problems. The article concludes with a response to some anticipated criticisms of the position taken, and ideas about political advocacy to advance the agenda of public funding of psychological services. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)