浅议生态环境监测机构的风险控制

现阶段,为了探索创新性的发展途径,生态环境监测机构应始终增强风险控制意识。应加强风险管理,立足于风险控制,以求不断健康发展。     

基于第三方物流的家具配送开放式车辆路径问题

为了降低家具配送成本,提高物流效率,基于第三方物流配送模式,构建了以总行驶距离最短和车辆数最少为最优目标的开放式车辆路径问题(open vehicle routing problem,OVRP)数学模型,并设计了一个改进的两阶段禁忌搜索算法进行求解,第1阶段求解包含所有客户的TSP(traveling salesman problem)路径来作为第2阶段划分OVRP路径的基础.设计了一个随机动态禁忌表,并将"邻域算子编号"和"邻域交换点对"同时作为禁忌对象,避免了过度禁忌的情况.另外,对5个邻域算子进行了测试,表明采用由点交换、分序点插入、点逆序和前点前向插入这4个算子组成的多邻域结构体效果最佳.经算例测试和文献对比,验证了设计算法的有效性,采用第三方物流配送比自营物流配送更节省成本.     

文献计量视角下半导体材料SiC和GaN研究态势

Based on bibliometric, national and international research output within 2000~2018 of the third generation of semiconductor material SiC and GaN was collected. Analysis and studies were made in the region of time distribution, research forces and research hotspots. The general international development tendency and scientific research level in China were also discussed. Meanwhile, study directions clustering and burst key words detecting were used to discover and explain the inner law of evolutionary in this field, especially in the different research focus of various development stages. This paper could also provide a reference on research and arrangement in further studies.     

Applications of Diglycolamide Based Solvent Extraction Processes in Spent Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing,Part 1: TODGA

Over the last decade there has been much interest in the applications of diglycolamide (DGA) ligands for the extraction of the trivalent lanthanide and actinide ions from PUREX high active raffinates or dissolved spent nuclear fuel. Of the DGAs, the N,N,N’,N’-tetraoctyldiglycolamide (TODGA) is the best known and most widely studied. A number of new actinide separation processes have been proposed based on extraction with TODGA. This review covers TODGA-based processes and extraction data, specifically focusing on how phase modifiers have been used to increase metal loading and thus enhance the operating process envelopes. Effects of third phase formation and the organic phase speciation are reviewed in this context. Relevant aspects of the extraction chemistry of important solvents (TODGA-modifier-diluent combinations) are described and their performances demonstrated by a consideration of the published flowsheet tests. It is seen that modifiers are successfully enabling the use of TODGA in actinide separation processes but to date the identification and testing of suitable modifiers has been rather empirical. There is a growing understanding of the fundamental chemistry occurring in the organic phase and how that affects extractant speciation and metal loading capacity but studies are still needed if TODGA-based flowsheets are to become an industrially deployable option for minor actinide (MA) recovery processes.     

高压输送管路中的应力分析和管壁厚计算

高压输送管路中管壁厚的计算和确定是高压管路设计中的一个十分重要的问题。从分析高压输送管路中的应力入手 ,运用第 3强度理论推导了高压输送管路中管壁厚的计算公式 ,从而为高压输送管路设计中管壁厚的选择提供了理论依据     

光伏逆变器短路电流3次谐波及其对保护的影响分析

系统发生不对称故障时,短路电流、电压中出现负序分量,导致光伏逆变器直流母线电压中产生二倍频振荡,该振荡分量经过控制回路流通后将在光伏逆变器输出短路电流中生成3次谐波。推导了逆变器输出短路电流3次谐波的解析表达式,计及光伏逆变器的限幅控制特性、负序控制策略、低电压穿越策略,研究了3次谐波的变化特性,然后分析了3次谐波对变压器差动保护电流互感器饱和判据的影响,指出某些工况下光伏逆变器输出短路电流中的3次谐波含量较大,可能造成变压器差动保护误闭锁,导致变压器区内故障无法切除,并提出了相应的应对策略。大量的仿真试验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。     

改性玄武岩纤维增强树脂基摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能

以聚醋酸乙烯酯改性玄武岩纤维、环氧乳液改性玄武岩纤维、硅烷偶联剂(KH550)改性玄武岩纤维、玄武岩矿物纤维为增强纤维,采用热压成型法制备改性玄武岩纤维增强树脂基复合材料,研究不同改性玄武岩纤维对复合材料硬度、冲击强度和摩擦磨损性能的影响。采用SEM和EDS对摩擦表面、磨屑形貌进行显微分析和元素分析。研究结果表明:4种改性玄武岩纤维作为增强纤维制备的树脂基摩擦材料具有相近的力学性能;聚醋酸乙烯酯改性玄武岩纤维增强树脂基摩擦材料具有更好的抗热衰退性能和摩擦磨损性能,在制动过程中更有利于形成完整稳定的摩擦膜。     

成品油长输管道泄漏事故树风险分析

分析了某在建成品油长输管道投运后可能导致泄漏事故的诸因素,建立了泄漏事故树模型。通过泄漏事故树的最小径集以及基本事件的结构重要度对泄漏事件做了定性分析,识别引起管道泄漏的主要因素,提出了安全防范措施,为更好地实施长输管道安全管理提供重要依据。     

A Suit of Silver: The Underdress of a Knight of the Garter in the Late Seventeenth Century

This paper describes the cut and construction of the doublet and hose worn as underdress to the robes and insignia of the Knights of the Most Noble Order of the Garter at the English Court under Charles II. This example belonged to Charles Stuart, sixth Duke of Lennox and third Duke of Richmond (1639–1672), who was created a knight of the Garter in 1661. It is interesting on several counts: the dominant textile is a very pure cloth of silver; the elaborate hose are constructed with reference to earlier seventeenth-century models; the garments exemplify Charles II’s understanding of the importance of ceremony to successful kingship. The suit was conserved for an exhibition at the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh and the essay gives some account of discoveries made through this process. In addition, the garments are placed in the context of late seventeenth- century dress.