Owner’s Risk Allocation and Contractor’s Role Behavior in a Project: A Parallel-mediation Model

Risk allocation decisions are of critical importance in project management. The present study proposes an explanation for how risk allocation in a contract motivates a contractor to cooperate with a project owner. Theories of risk allocation and trust were used to motivate the research. Using a survey methodology, we collected data concerning 124 construction projects in China. We found that risk allocation influenced the contractor’s role behavior through the contractor’s feeling of being trusted but not the contractor’s trust in the owner. Feeling of being trusted partially mediated the effect of risk allocation on the contractor’s in-role (i.e., contractual) behavior and fully mediated the effect on extra-role behavior. The study introduces a social and psychological view of the impacts of risk allocation to the project and engineering management literature. We contribute to theory by arguing and demonstrating the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between risk allocation and contractor behavior. From a practical standpoint, we conclude that contractual risk allocation has a significant impact on building a trusting relationship between owners and contractors and that contractors who feel trusted perform both contractually mandated actions and actions external to the contract more diligently, resulting in the likelihood of improved outcomes for both parties.     

Effect of in-app components,medium, and screen size of electronic textbooks on reading performance,behavior, and perception

Although many app-based textbooks are available for students, reading have not been thoroughly outlined. This study aimed to understand how changes from paper to electronic textbooks have affected the academic reading task, investigate student users’ perceptions of in-app components and screen sizes, and identify issues affecting in-app components and task requirements. A mixed factorial design experiment was employed. Results showed that there were no significant changes in comprehension and time spent reading between print text and the iPad. Yet, student highlighting, notetaking, and reading behavior and perception significantly changed based on condition. In addition, students struggled to use in-app components and found them frustrating especially when accounting for sentence splitting. The findings presented can assist in understanding the changes in student reading behavior, which can be used to improve interface design of future e-textbooks.     

诊改视域下师生课堂互动行为研究

提升教学质量是高职院校人才培养工作的永恒主题。在信息化时代的今天,信息技术的融合为课堂教学的诊断与评估提供了新的视角。本文在弗兰德斯互动分析理论(FIAS)基础上,基于应用软件,对高校师生课堂互动行为进行研究。自动生成合理的分析报告,可为教师提升教学能力提供反思和改进的依据,帮助教师在教学过程中发现问题并及时诊改。     

2024A铝合金高温流变行为及本构关系研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对2024A铝合金进行等温热轧,对其高温流变行为进行了研究。通过试验获得2024A铝合金在温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1时的真应力-真应变曲线。结果表明,2024A铝合金的流变应力与温度、应变速率和变形量之间呈非线性关系,流变应力随着应变速率增大而升高,随着变形温度的升高而降低。基于试验数据,分别建立考虑应变补偿的Arrhenius和修正的Johnson-Cook(M-JC)本构模型,引入统计学方法对模型精度进行量化评估:Arrhenius模型的平均相对误差和均方根误差分别为5.02%和5.88MPa,M-JC模型的平均相对误差和均方根误差分别为3.72%和5.27MPa,可见M-JC模型预测精度优于Arrhenius模型,说明M-JC模型能更为准确地描述2024A铝合金的高温轧制过程中的流变行为。     

Toward a new generic behavior model for human centered system simulation

The simulation of Human Centered Systems (HCS) has attracted increasingly attention in recent research. These systems involve individuals playing key roles, such as workers in manufacturing systems, soldiers in military operations, and investors in stock markets. The complexity simulating such systems is due to the need for modeling individual and group behavior and the integration of psychological and socio-technical aspects that can affect individual and HCS global performance. Although several models have been proposed to simulate such systems, most of them suffer from limitations pertaining to the integration of some factors, an inadequacy that will be discussed and elaborated on in this paper. The current study presents a new model for HCS simulation based on recent social and psychological theories. A model implementation example involving the simulation of a manufacturing system, considered as a HCS, is presented.     

基于行为自适应的台钻主轴轴径视觉测量策略

鉴于视觉测量过程行为的多样性与影响关系的复杂性,提出基于行为自适应的台钻主轴视觉测量新策略。采用周向分工位采集图像与轴向分段提取轮廓结合的组合采样法获取被测信息,并建立了主轴轴径视觉测量系统;设计曝光自适应图像采集、图像批处理、误差反馈闭环测量等功能集成的行为自适应视觉测量流程并开发相应软件。以某型号台钻主轴为对象,开展曝光区间自适应优选实验,多工位、多轴、多采样方案测量实验误差分析与稳定性评定。结果表明：所提出的行为自适应测量策略通过获取测量行为变化对测量误差的影响,形成闭环测量,可有效提高测量的稳定性,不仅满足台钻主轴高精度轴段测量需求,还有利于推动测量智能化发展。     

思维科学的新发展与建筑符号学的近期前景

要应对目前城市化和国际化时期城市设计和建筑设计所面临的几个普遍性问题,建筑符号学能够有所贡献.为此它需要某些扩展,并与思维科学的最新发展相结合.该文回顾了建筑符号学的学问传承,分析了最近的思维科学诸学科尤其是环境行为研究(EBR)对建筑--建筑群设计构成法研究的影响,指出了建筑符号学的近期前景.     

TPB理论框架下高校教师教学改革行为意愿研究——以河南省高校为例

教师教学改革的认知、态度、行为直接决定改革成效。基于计划行为理论,采用结构方程模型探索高校教师教学改革的行为意愿。研究表明,态度、知觉行为控制,职业认同和主观规范均能正向影响教师教学改革行为意愿,但其作用力依次减弱。职业认同不仅直接影响教师教学改革行为意愿,而且通过教师态度间接影响主体行为意愿,且中介效应显著,态度和主观规范在不同群组间的影响效应存在显著差异。基于以上研究结论,探讨其背后原因,并提出针对性建议。     

解读行为心理在环境质量评价中的重要作用——厦门白鹭洲户外空间质量分析

本文跟踪记录了厦门市民在白鹭洲公园的活动规律,从行为心理的角度分析了白鹭洲公园的城市设计质量,指出关心人的行为心理及行为习惯是提高城市户外空间质量的重要途径,呼唤人性化城的市设计。     

类型:行为、意象与文化内涵

建筑中的类型具有行为和意象两个方面的含义,由于类型具有一定的社会性,因此其行为模式和意象形态具有一定的文化内涵.通过对上述两个方面的延续、转化和发展,当代建筑设计可以和传统保持一定的内在联系,并发展出本土自身的建筑语言.