重组大肠杆菌VG1(pTU14)合成3-羟基丁酸酯-3-羟戊酸酯共聚物的研究

摇瓶培养结果表明,重组大肠杆菌E.coli VG1(pTU14)可以在培养基中加入丙酸的环境下合成聚(3-羟基丁酸-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PHBV),且丙酸的初浓度和加入时间是影响细菌生长、PHBV积累和产品中HV分率的关键因素.在摇瓶补料分批培养中,通过监测细胞生长、PHBV积累和丙酸的消耗过程,优化并确定了丙酸的补料策略.E.coli VG1(pTU14)经过48 h的摇瓶补料分批培养,菌体干重、PHBV浓度、PHBV含量和HV摩尔分率,分别达到16.6g/L、13.1g/L、78.7%和7.2%.PHBV相对于葡萄糖的得率、HV相对于丙酸的得率和PHBV的产率分别为0.327g/g、0.343g/g和0.273g/L/h.     

Eco-friendly electronics,based on nanocomposites of biopolyester reinforced with carbon nanotubes: a review

ABSTRACT

Fabrication of electronic materials from nanocomposite of biopolyesters reinforced with carbon nanotubes can be regarded as the effective alternative for conventional nanocomposites consisting of non-biodegradable polymers. Commercial availability of biopolyester-based nanocomposites is limited because of their high cost compared to other polymers, but the factor of their compostable nature is worthless for environmental protection. Such nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable sensors, EMI materials, etc. In this review, the current progress of biopolyester/CNTs nanocomposites in the field of biodegradable electronics is reviewed and also the impact of CNTs dispersion on electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of eco composites is stipulated.     

Miscibility,crystallization kinetics,and mechanical properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)(PHBV)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate)(P3/4HB) blends

Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)(PHBV)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P3/4HB) blend films were prepared by solvent‐cast method. The nonisothermal crystallization results showed that PHBV and P3/4HB are miscible due to a single glass transition temperature (T_g), which is dependent on blend composition. The isothermal crystallization results demonstrate that the crystallization rate of PHBV becomes slower after adding amorphous P3/4HB with 19.2 mol% 4HB, which could be proved through depression of equilibrium melt point ($T_m^o$ ) from 183.7°C to 177.6°C. For pure PHBV and PHBV/P3/4HB (80/20) blend, the maximum crystallization rate appeared at 88°C and 84°C, respectively. FTIR analysis showed that PHBV/P3/4HB blend films would maintain the helical structure, similar to pure PHBV. Meanwhile, with increasing P3/4HB content, the inter‐ and intra‐interactions of PHBV and P3/4HB decrease gradually. Besides, a lower elastic modulus and a higher elongation at break were obtained, which show that the addition of P3/4HB would make the brittle PHBV to ductile materials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

The morphology and thermal properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotube and poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) composite

Nanocomposites based on poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared by solution processing. Ultrasonic energy was used to uniformly disperse MWNTs in solutions and to incorporate them into composites. Microscopic observation reveals that polymer‐coated MWNTs dispersed homogenously in the PHBV matrix. The thermal properties and the crystallization behavior of the composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, the nucleant effect of MWNTs on the crystallization of PHBV was confirmed, and carbon nanotubes were found to enhanced the thermal stability of PHBV in nitrogen. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Production of triacylglycerol and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by the toluene-degrading bacterium Rhodococcus aetherivorans IAR1

Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) produced by various bacteria has been intensively investigated as a promising biodegradable plastic, but required a supply of an expensive precursor as a secondary carbon source for its production. In a previous study, we identified a new bacterial strain, Rhodococcus aetherivorans IAR1, which synthesizes PHBV from toluene without the supply of a precursor. Toluene is the volatile organic compound most abundantly emitted to the environment. In the present paper, we show that R. aetherivorans IAR1 produces triacylglycerols (TAGs) simultaneously with PHBV. Both PHBV and TAGs were synthesized before the nitrogen source is completely exhausted. The cellular content of PHBV reached 10% of cell dry weight (CDW) and its synthesis ceased even during intermittent supply of toluene. However, accumulation of TAGs continued during cultivation and their cellular content reached 24% of CDW at the end of cultivation. Cerulenin inhibited TAG production and increased PHBV cellular content up to 30% of CDW. The mole fraction of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) in PHBV produced from toluene increased from 60% to 80% during its accumulation. Fatty acid compositions of TAGs produced from acetate and toluene were different. At the end of cultivation, the mole fraction of C17:0, one of odd-carbon number fatty acids, was 5% on toluene or 10% on acetate while the mole fraction of 3HV in PHBV from toluene was as high as that in PHBV from acetate, suggesting that a C5 intermediate of toluene degradation might directly become a precursor of 3HV whereas propionyl-CoA is required for the incorporation of C17:0 into TAGs.     

BG/PHBV复合多孔组织工程支架材料的动物植入实验观察

本文研究了溶胶-凝胶生物玻璃／聚羟基烷酸脂(BG／PHBV)复合多孔支架材料与成骨细胞的生物相容性,并对植入动物体内的BG／PHBV和羟基磷灰石／聚羟基烷酸脂(HA／PHBV)两种材料的成骨情况进行了SEM跟踪测试。结果表明：在动物实验中,与HA／PHBV复合多孔支架材料相对照,BG／PHBV植入后,新生骨形成时间早,骨修复完成时间早,降解速度快。     

Osteointegration of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) scaffolds incorporated with violacein

This work reports on the production and in vivo evaluation of biodegradable scaffolds of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) incorporated with violacein, an antibiotic and antitumoral agent. PHBV produced in a bioreactor by Chromobacterium violaceum was pressed and partially sintered to produce scaffolds with 3 mm of diameter and 3 mm of height. The scaffolds were microstructurally characterized and exhibited suitable micromorphology for bone ingrowth. The PHBV-violacein scaffolds were implanted in femur of Wistar rats, extracted and analyzed after 30 and 60 days of surgery. Histological evaluation revealed that no inflammatory reaction occurred and new bone tissue was formed in the implant. The results indicated that PHBVs with violacein are potential candidates for application in regenerative bone tissue engineering.     

壳聚糖/聚羟基丁酸戊酸共聚酯生物降解复合膜的制备

以冰乙酸为溶剂,将壳聚糖（CS）与聚3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚酯（PHBV）采用共混流延法制备成CS/PHBV生物降解复合膜。采用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱对复合膜进行了表征,并研究了不同质量比CS/PHBV复合膜的力学性能、透氧性能、热稳定性以及生物降解性能。结果表明：随着壳聚糖含量的增加,复合膜断面密实,蜂窝状结构消失,复合膜中羟基和酯基增多;当m_CS∶m_PHBV为3∶1时,CS/PHBV生物降解复合膜的拉伸强度与弹性模量达到最大值,分别为3.57和26.84 MPa;当m_CS∶m_PHBV为4∶1时,复合膜的透氧系数最小,为27.7×10^-15 cm³·cm/（cm²·s·Pa）;同时,壳聚糖的加入,提高了CS/PHBV复合膜的生物降解性。     

Miscibility and crystallization behavior of biodegradable poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)/phenolic blends

Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/phenolic blends are new miscible crystalline/amorphous polymer blends prepared via solution casting method in this work, as evidenced by the single composition dependent glass transition temperature. The measured T_gs can be well fitted by the Kwei equation with a q value of 13.6 for the PHBV/phenolic blends, indicating that the interaction between the two components is strong. The negative polymer–polymer interaction parameter, obtained from the melting depression of PHBV using the Nishi‐Wang equation, indicating the thermal miscibility of PHBV and phenolic. The spherulitic morphology and crystal structure of PHBV/phenolic blends were studied with polar optical microscopy and wide angle X‐ray diffraction compared with those of neat PHBV. It is found that the growth rates of PHBV in the blends are lower than that in neat PHBV at a given crystallization temperature, and the crystal structure of PHBV is not modified by the presence of phenolic in the PHBV/phenolic blends, but the crystallinity decrease with the increasing of phenolic. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012