钡盐法处理六价铬电镀废水及最优工艺参数研究

使用钡盐法对铬废水处理,对p H值在废水中的初值、反映温度计量结果、重铬酸钾的浓度等,在回收六价铬的影响效果进行了分析。对废水中的六价铬使用了源自吸收的分光光度法回收。经过处理后,废水中的p H为8~9的时候,六价铬的回收在9%。废水中的六价铬随着其浓度不断上升增加。超过10℃的时候,六价铬的反应没有非常大的影响,但是当温度降低到10℃以下的时候,回收率就逐步下降了。经过处理之后,六价铬的浓度达到了0.276 7 mg/L,达到了相关规定的标准。     

Microstructural and Tribological Behavior of Pulse Electroplated Nickel Barrier on Copper Conductors

The microstructural, mechanical, and tribological behaviors of electroplated Ni on Cu conducting substrates have been investigated in this study. The microstructural studies were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that initially (111) with (220), (200) Ni texture components were predominant in the coating, and increasing the current density from 0.1 to 0.5 A/cm² led to the development of a strong (111) texture. The presence of ultrafine grains coupled with a (111) Ni texture improved the coating microhardness and wear properties significantly. It was shown that with an increase in current density, wear resistance of the coatings improved significantly and the electrical resistivity increased due to the highly populated grain boundaries.     

Macroporous silicon for high-capacitance devices using metal electrodes

In this paper, high-capacity energy storage devices based on macroporous silicon are demonstrated. Small footprint devices with large specific capacitances up to 100 nF/mm², and an absolute capacitance above 15 μF, have been successfully fabricated using standard microelectronics and MEMS techniques. The fabricated devices are suitable for high-density system integration. The use of 3-D silicon structures allows achieving a large surface to volume ratio. The macroporous silicon structures are fabricated by electrochemical etching of silicon. This technique allows creating large structures of tubes with either straight or modulated radial profiles in depth. Furthermore, a very large aspect ratio is possible with this fabrication method. Macroporous silicon grown this way permits well-controlled structure definition with excellent repeatability and surface quality. Additionally, structure geometry can be accurately controlled to meet designer specifications. Macroporous silicon is used as one of the electrodes over which a silicon dioxide insulating layer is grown. Several insulator thicknesses have been tested. The second capacitor electrode is a solid nickel filling of the pores prepared by electroplating in a low-temperature industry standard process. The use of high-conductivity materials allows reaching small equivalent series resistance near 1 Ω. Thanks to these improvements, the presented devices are capable of operating up to 10 kHz.

PACS

84.32.Tt; 81.15.Pq; 81.05.Rm     

金刚石颗粒表面均匀电镀工艺研究

介绍在金刚石颗粒表面均匀电镀金属的工艺.以镀镍为例研究金刚石表面化学镀、电镀的工艺.设计了一种新型、多用途金刚石表面电镀的装置.用此装置也可在其他导电或者不导电的小颗粒表面电镀或者复合镀金属.在金刚石表面化学镀上一层导电的金属以后,再以滚镀的方式将电镀层加厚,可获得厚度在10～200μm的均匀金属镀层.同时还介绍了电镀后金刚石表面镀膜厚度的计算方法和电镀过程中要注意的一些问题,并简介了补镀的工艺和方法.     

Computer Cathodic Orientation Device: Functional Properties of Electroformed Nickel Shells

A new developed device, computer cathodic orientation system, was tested to analyze functional properties of electroformed shells of nickel. Several applications, such as rapid tooling, may require thickness uniformity, where the tool or mold is made by electroforming, starting from the 3D model. This system enables the programed movement of the cathode (the model) in front of the anode with the main objective of achieving thickness uniformity. Different strategies were carried out, and parameters such as thicknesses and flexural modulus were measured for each sample. Results showed the apparent influence of this apparatus on the thickness distribution and the flexural modulus. Either the rate of mean thickness or central thickness was improved when the strategy of modifying relative position took place. Also, the flexural modulus was influenced by the approach carried out in the sequence of movement.     

Fabrication and adhesion strength of Cu/Ni-Cr/polyimide films for flexible printed circuits

The adhesion strength of a Cu/Ni-Cr/polyimide flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL), was evaluated according to the thickness of the Ni-Cr (Ni:Cr = 95:5 ratio) seed layer using the 90° peel test. The changes in the morphology, chemical bonding and adhesion properties were characterized by SEM, AFM and XPS. The peel strength of the FCCL increased with increasing thickness of the Ni-Cr seed layer, due to the increase in the ion bombardment caused by the higher power used in the Ni-Cr sputtering process. This increase in the FCCL peel strength was attributed to the lower proportion of C-N bonds and higher proportion of C-O bonds in the polyimide surface. The adhesion strength between the metal and polyimide was mostly attributed to the chemical interaction between the metal layer and the functional groups of the polyimide.     

电镀铜粒影响因素探究

随着客户需求的不断变化和对PCB产品外观越来越高的要求,我公司客户对产品外观的要求更为严格,使得我们迫切需要对于过程中影响PCB板件外观的主要因素进行控制。本文主要从电镀铜粒着手,简述铜粒产生的影响因素,并提出可行性建议,给整个铜粒状况改善提供思路和方向。     

Room temperature mass production of carbon nanotube field emission micro-cathode arrays using electroplating of a CNT/Ni composite followed by micro-machining

A room temperature fabrication method for the mass production of carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission micro-cathode arrays is reported. The technique combines electroplating of a CNT/Ni composite and micro-machining. This method combines the advantages of direct growth and screen printing conventionally used to fabricate such structures and avoids their disadvantages. Due to its integration and room temperature processing, the technique is proven to be advantageous in mass production and low cost. Results of field emission testing show that the CNT micro-cathodes have excellent field-emission properties, such as high current density (15.7 mA/cm²), field enhancement factor (2.4 × 10⁶/cm), and good stability (109 h for 10% degradation of current density from 400 μA/cm²).     

Electrochemical fabrication of a porous nanostructured nickel hydroxide film electrode with superior pseudocapacitive performance

A porous nickel film is prepared by selectively anodic dissolution of copper from an electrodeposited Ni-Cu alloy film. A porous nanostructured nickel hydroxide film electrode is further fabricated by the cathodic electrodeposition of Ni(OH)₂ film on the obtained porous nickel film. The specific capacitances of the as-prepared porous nanostructured Ni(OH)₂ film electrode at current densities of 2, 5 and 10 A/g are 1634, 1563 and 1512 F/g, respectively. The nanoporous Ni substrate significantly improves the electrochemically cyclic stability of the electrodeposited nickel hydroxide film in 1.0 M KOH solution. The superior pseudocapacitive properties such as large specific capacitance, excellent rate capability and improved electrochemically cyclic stability of the as-prepared nickel hydroxide electrode suggest its potential application in electrochemical capacitors.     

电沉积梯度功能镀层的研究进展

论述了功能梯度镀层的概念，性能，应用及制备方法，复合电沉积法是制备梯度功能材料的重要方法之一，具有控制简单，易于操作，投资少，可处理复杂工件等优点，本文综述了电沉积法用于制备梯度功能镀层的原理，特点，研究现状及应用前景。