Local toolpath smoothing for five-axis machine tools

When five axis CNC machine tools follow series linear toolpath segments, the drives experience velocity, acceleration and jerk discontinuities at the block transition points. The discontinuities result in fluctuations on machine tool motions which lead to poor surface quality. This paper proposes to insert quintic and septic micro-splines for the tool tip and tool-orientation, respectively, at the adjacent linear toolpath segments. Optimal control points are calculated for position and orientation splines to achieve C³ continuity at the junctions while respecting user-defined tolerance limits. The geometrically smoothed corners are traveled at a smoothly varying feed with cubic acceleration trajectory profile. The proposed method is experimentally demonstrated to show improvements in motion smoothness and tracking accuracy in five-axis machining of free-form surfaces found in dies, molds and aerospace parts.     

Prediction model of surface residual stress within a machined surface by combining two orthogonal plane models

The variation of surface residual stress within a machined surface layer caused by face turning was studied. The size of the tool’s corner radius and the feed rate affect residual stress. A process model using the finite element method is proposed and the mechanical effects of the corner radius and feed rate on a machined surface were discussed. When a tool with a small corner radius is used, surface residual stress perpendicular to the cutting direction becomes compression stress. As well, surface residual stress changes from tension to compression as the feed rate decreases. The process model consists of an orthogonal cutting simulation and an indentation-like simulation of a corner radius into a work piece surface. The simulated results show quantitative agreement with the residual stress measured experimentally. The integrity of the machined surface will be controlled more efficiently if the cutting conditions during finishing are determined with the proper consideration of the surface generating process.     

一种提取随机排列胶囊分离边缘的方法

提取随机排列胶囊图像中分离的、单个的边缘,是胶囊缺陷检测与计数的前提。随机排列的胶囊具有倾斜度不确定和多胶囊粘连的特点。由此,本文先提取胶囊的边缘,再将＂点＂连接与＂线＂连接的胶囊边缘逐步分离,最终完成分离边缘的提取。经过现场实验测试,该方法的边缘识别正确率达到97%。     

蝶类昆虫识别算法的研究与分析

提出利用边缘检测及角点提取来识别蝶类昆虫的方法.通过用四种边缘检测算子对鳞翅目蝴蝶进行边缘检测并作比较分析,从中找出鳞翅目昆虫边缘检测的最佳边缘检测算子,然后对边缘检测后的图像进行了角点提取特征信息,通过实验能够得到蝶类图像的特征,为下一步蝶类识别奠定了基础.     

基于先验知识的月球车视觉系统特征提取方法

为了满足月面巡视探测器的自主导航要求。提出一种新的基于先验知识的特征点提取算法。首先,根据先验知识对原始图像进行预分割成危险区域和安全区域,然后在危险区域里面进行特征点的选取工作,对特征点用于以后的匹配和目标定位,进而用于视觉系统的导航工作。与传统算法相比,提取方法可以有效减少计算量,使选取特征点更加准确,提高后续匹配阶段的处理速度和匹配精度。在模拟试验场的双目视觉照片中,通过实验取得较好的效果。     

一种用于图像序列拼接的角点检测算法

分析了Harris角点检测算子的实现原理及其用于图像序列拼接时存在的不足,从几个方面提出了改进:用新的X和Y方向梯度算子求取图像导数,对灰度变化更敏感;改进了角点响应函数,避免了k值选择的随机性;根据图像序列首图像自动确定R阈值,提高了算法的自动处理能力和速度;根据目标像素点的8邻域范围进行亚像素精确定位,角点位置更加准确.实验结果表明,改进算法无需人工干预,特征点提取的速度比传统算法提高了约61.3%,能更好地适应图像拼接的实际应用,是一种快速有效的角点检测方法.     

A marker-less assembly stage recognition method based on corner feature

Fast and robust product assembly stage recognition is a key step in human–machine cooperative assembly. To solve the recognition problem of similar adjacent assembly stages, a marker-less assembly stage recognition method is proposed based on corner feature between an assembling product and a digital model. Considering the geometric features of mechanical products, a corner identification method is proposed based on the circumferential angle difference (CADF). Then a corner matching method based on distance constraint is studied for ICP registration to realize the point cloud registration between the product and digital model. Based on the registration relationship, a similarity algorithm based on proximity point proportion is used to calculate the similarity between models and the input assembling product. The model with the greatest similarity is taken as the stage recognition result. In experiments on four group assembling products, the average stage recognition accuracy is 96.15%, which indicates that the proposed method can solve the stage recognition problem. The corner identification method based on the CADF outperforms the Harris-3D corner detection method in the efficiency of assembly stage recognition.     

基于角点的监控摄像头干扰检测

提出一种新的实时检测摄像头干扰的方法,建立一种基于最小核值相似区SUSAN(Smallest Univalve Segment AssimilatingNucleus)角点的图像特征函数,由于干扰发生时相对的几帧图像与正常图像相比会发生显著变化,因此通过比较图像的特征函数值来检测干扰的发生。利用一种逻辑判断方法做到对突变和渐变干扰的全面检测,并且避免对无害行为的误检,使之更具鲁棒性。对比已有的方法,分别对不同场景及不同类型的摄像头遮挡和转动干扰进行了多组测试,实验结果显示,该方法明显优于其它算法,能够很好地检测出对摄像头的遮挡及转动干扰,并且很好地避免了对无害行为的误检。     

Improved Interface Conditions for 2<Emphasis Type="Italic">D</Emphasis> Domain Decomposition with Corners: Numerical Applications

This article deals with a local improvement of domain decomposition methods for 2-dimensional elliptic problems for which either the geometry or the domain decomposition presents conical singularities. After explaining the main results of the theoretical analysis carried out in Chniti et al. (Calcolo 45, 2008), the numerical experiments presented in this article confirm the optimality properties of the new interface conditions.     

基于灰度差统计的角点检测方法

提出了一种新的基于灰度差统计的角点检测方法。该方法以原始图像全图的灰度差统计结果作为出发点，采用的灰度脊跟踪算法和累积角度判别原则不仅能提供角点的准确位置，还能确定各角点的开张角度和方向。由于省略了边缘检测过程，因此较大地提高了角点检测的效率。实验证明该方法应用在大部分真实图像的角点检测效果优异，同时运行速度能满足大部分角点检测应用的需要。