三维催化电解法处理丙烯腈废水的探讨

丙烯腈是重要的化工原料,在合成纤维、塑料等领域有着广阔的应用前景。但其生产过程污染严重,污水有毒有害,治理难度高。采用传统污水处理方式处理此类污水效果不佳。以三维催化电解法为主要思路,研究替代传统生化污水处理方式处理丙烯腈废水的可行性及相关技术参数,探索了处理此类石油化工污水的新途径。     

基于ISIGHT的安全气囊盖板结构优化设计方法研究

选取某款弱化沟槽呈“H”形的聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈?丁二烯?苯乙烯共聚物(PC/ABS)合金材质安全气囊盖板为研究对象，并构建了其有限元仿真模型，对比有限元力学仿真分析结果与理论计算值验证了该有限元仿真模型的可靠性；通过ISIGHT软件集成Catia和ANSYS，选取安全气囊盖板弱化沟槽的横向长度、深度，纵向长度、深度4个参数作为设计变量，选取弱化沟槽横向最大应力与纵向最大应力作为响应变量，分析了设计变量对响应变量的贡献度分布特征并采用NSGA遗传算法对响应变量多目标优化。结果表明,横向长度、纵向深度对横向最大应力为负贡献度，横向深度、纵向长度为正贡献度；横向深度、纵向长度对纵向最大应力为负贡献度，横向长度、纵向深度为正贡献度；在合理范围内，4个参数值的优化设计，实现了横向最大应力提高和纵向最大应力降低的多目标优化，有效减少了安全气囊盖板爆破时产生的碎屑量，提升了产品的安全性能。     

Characterization of barium titanate reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites for flexible electronic applications: influences of barium titanate content

The aim of this study was to develop high dielectric constant flexible polymers with a highly efficient and cost‐effective approach using acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) as the polymer matrix and barium titanate (BT) as the high dielectric constant filler. The BT powder was synthesized with a solid‐state reaction and was characterized using a particle size analyzer, XRD, SEM and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. NBR/BT composites were fabricated using an internal mixer with various BT loadings up to 160 phr. The influence of BT loading on the cure characteristics and mechanical, dynamic mechanical, thermal, dielectric and morphological properties was determined. The incorporation of BT in the NBR matrix shortened scorch time and increased delta torque. The mechanical properties, thermal stability and dielectric constant were greatly improved and increased with BT loading. The results suggest that the reinforcement effect was achieved due to strong hydrogen bonding or polar–polar interactions between NBR matrix and BT filler. This is further corroborated by the good dispersion of BT filler in the NBR matrix observed with SEM imaging. These findings can be applied to produce high‐performance dielectric elastomers. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry     

Electroactive phases of poly(vinylidene fluoride): Determination,processing and applications

Poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, and its copolymers are the family of polymers with the highest dielectric constant and electroactive response, including piezoelectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric effects. The electroactive properties are increasingly important in a wide range of applications such as in biomedicine, energy generation and storage, monitoring and control, and include the development of sensors and actuators, separator and filtration membranes and smart scaffolds, among others. For many of these applications the polymer should be in one of its electroactive phases. This review presents the developments and summarizes the main characteristics of the electroactive phases of PVDF and copolymers, indicates the different processing strategies as well as the way in which the phase content is identified and quantified. Additionally, recent advances in the development of electroactive composites allowing novel effects, such as magnetoelectric responses, and opening new applications areas are presented. Finally, some of the more interesting potential applications and processing challenges are discussed.     

丁二烯丙烯腈聚合过程中间产物性能研究

采用兰州石化公司生产的丁腈橡胶N41乳液聚合配方,考察了聚合反应单体转化率随反应时间的变化,测定了生胶的结合丙烯腈含量、分子质量及其分布、玻璃化转变温度、微凝胶含量和门尼黏度等性能,结果表明:随着转化率的升高,生胶结合丙烯腈含量降低,耐寒性能变好,门尼黏度、相对分子质量及其分布指数升高,当转化率达到86%时,生胶的门尼黏度达到产品指标上限。     

球形木质素珠体接枝丙烯腈的影响因素研究

利用反相悬浮聚合技术制备球形木质素珠体,再以Fe2＋/H202为引发体系,采用正交实验综合研究了球形木质素珠体与丙烯腈的接枝共聚反应的各种影响因素对珠体的接枝率和接枝效率的影响。结果表明：当m（单体）／m（基体）=10：1,反应时间为90min,反应温度55℃,Fe2＋浓度为0．03mmol／L,H202浓度为2．97mmol／L时,可以得到最佳的接枝率和较高的接枝效率,木质素一丙烯腈接枝共聚物的接枝率为780％,接枝效率可达76．0％。     

丙烯氨氧化反应中催化剂的研究进展

文章综述了丙烯氨氧化催化剂的研究进展,包括反应机理、催化剂的发展状况和催化剂性能表征等方面的内容,并对该催化剂的未来发展进行了展望。     

耐油增容剂POE⁃g⁃AN对EVA/PE⁃LLD电缆料性能影响的研究

采用自制乙烯⁃辛烯共聚物接枝丙烯腈（POE⁃g⁃AN）耐油增容剂,对乙烯醋酸乙烯脂（EVA）/线性低密度聚乙烯（PE⁃LLD）电缆料的耐油性能、力学性能、电性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着POE⁃g⁃AN含量的增加,材料的拉伸强度、耐油性能、电性能均呈先增大后减小的趋势,而断裂伸长率不断增加。当接枝物含量为6 %（质量分数,下同）时,体系中各相间相容性改善效果最好,此时改性电缆料的耐油性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、质量、体积变化率的绝对值最小,分别为35.7 %、34.6 %、15.69 %和15.35 %;拉伸强度提升了8.5 %,达到13.02 MPa,断裂伸长率最大为274.15 %;直流击穿场强最高为199 kV/mm,体积电阻率最大为7.84×10¹² Ω·m。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定水中的丙烯腈和吡啶

采用顶空-气相色谱法对水中丙烯腈和吡啶进行分析测定,并对实验的色谱条件、顶空条件进行了优化,实验结果表明该方法在丙烯腈0.01~1.0mg·L-1以及吡啶0.05~5.00mg·L-1范围内,线性相关系数在0.9995以上,相对标准偏差为1.9%。对4种水样中,加标质量浓度分别为0.05mg·L-1的丙烯腈和0.2mg·L-1的吡啶,以及质量浓度分别为0.2mg·L-1的丙烯腈和1.0mg·L-1的吡啶测定7次,其回收率为89.6%~100%。测试结果表明该方法操作简单,灵敏度较高,适用于水中丙烯腈和吡啶的测定。