工业搬迁企业原场地土壤Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr污染研究

针对城市建成区工业企业搬迁原生产场地土壤污染问题，采用单因子指数法、内梅罗指数法和地累积指数法等方法，对原场地土壤中Pb、Cd、Hg和Cr污染程度进行研究。研究结果表明:单因子指数法评价土壤中Cd元素是主要污染因子，属于重污染；Pb元素为中污染；Hg、Cr元素为未污染。内梅罗指数法评价土壤中 Pb、Cd和Hg元素为重度污染，Cr元素为安全；点位1、11和13为重度污染，点位7为中度污染，其他为轻度污染、警戒及安全。地累积指数法评价土壤中Cd元素为偏中污染，Pb元素为轻度污染；Hg和Cr元素为清洁；点位1为中度污染，点位11和点位13为轻度污染，其他点位污染等级为清洁。     

加强管线搬迁工程的投资控制

市政工程中,自来水、煤气、通信、电力四大管线搬迁费用,占相当的比重。为了努力将管线搬迁投资控制到一个合理的水平,介绍了事前控制(包括邀请招标、合同签订、预付款支付)、事中控制(包括注重施工方案、深入现场)和事后控制(包括合理采用定额、合理取定材料价格、准确核定工程数量)等的具体内容和方法。     

无形文化遗产的异地保护与开发——以湖南大崇山文化生态园规划为例

通过对无形文化遗产异地保护必要性的理解，对无形文化遗产保护与旅游开发相结合进行了一种新的尝试。     

Start-ups and relocations: Manufacturing plant location in Portugal

This article analyses the spatial pattern of plant start-ups and plant relocations in Portugal between 1986 and 1997. The results show that start-ups and relocations are not attracted by the same set of location characteristics. The probability of a plant start-up is more strongly related to increases in local market size and labour force qualification, lower labour costs, and a more diversified economic environment. In contrast, relocations show a greater preference for areas with better national market accessibility, availability of producer services and a larger industrial basis. Relocations are also much more strongly attracted by the provision of inter-regional motorways. The results are consistent with the assertion that firms value location attributes differently over the plant life cycle.Received: 29 January 2003, Accepted: 3 March 2004, JEL Classification: L6, R3, R4Financial support from the ESRC, grant T026271031 and grant RES-000-22-0056 is gratefully acknowledged. I would like to thank Paulo Guimarães for his invaluable assistance with the establishment data for Portugal and his helpful suggestions, and Peter Bibby for his support with GIS programming. I have also benefited from comments and suggestions by Harvey Armstrong, Max Craglia, John Henneberry, and Ricardo Mora.     

文物建筑搬迁保护选址的可拓方法分析

搬迁保护是文物建筑保护的措施之一．选址又是其中非常重要的一环。该文运用可拓学的原理与方法。如发散树、蕴含系分析方法和相容度判别、优度评价方法。对以往迁址保护比较成功的案例进行分析。进一步验证了选址的科学性。因此，可拓方法能够完善选址的科学性和系统性，可拓学将为文物建筑搬迁保护新址的选择和论证提供一个可行的方法。     

对城市建设拆迁中土地制度的思考

分析了城市建设拆迁中土地权力关系变化及其利益格局变化的过程,指出现行城市土地制度由于存在土地收回权的行使范围扩大化、拆迁补偿标准不合理、安置不妥善、程序不合理等缺陷,已不适应城市建设拆迁中土地权利关系变化的需要,因而认为土地制度创新势在必行,进而提出了土地制度创新的初步设想,包括:明确城市建设拆迁中被拆迁人的土地财产权利;对“公共利益的需要”作出明确的界定,规范政府行使土地收回权的范围;充分考虑被拆迁人对土地的权利,给予公平、合理的市价补偿;提高房屋拆迁补偿标准,完善拆迁安置办法;从保护群众合法权益和规范政府行为出发,完善城市建设拆迁程序等。     

Moving Out of Home Ownership in Later Life: The Influence of the Family and Housing Careers

Home ownership is often regarded as the preferred housing tenure; however, situations in parallel life-course careers might make moving to a rental home necessary or attractive to home owners. Retrospective data from the SHARELIFE survey were used to study the short- and long-term impact of situations and disruptions in the family and housing careers on leaving home ownership at middle (45–64) and older ages (65–80) in Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands. We found that directly after separation and widowhood, the likelihood of leaving home ownership was the greatest. However, more than 10 years after separation and widowhood, individuals were still significantly more likely to leave ownership than those in their first marriage. Furthermore, late first childbirth and early first-time home ownership were associated with lower chances of leaving home ownership. We conclude that situations and changes in family and housing careers have both a short-term and a long-term impact on the likelihood of moving out of home ownership.     

Rural Migrants’ Residential Mobility: Housing and Locational Outcomes of Forced Moves in China

This paper analyses the residential mobility of China’s rural–urban migrants in light of evidence from Yangzhou, a medium-sized city in Jiangsu province. To evaluate the effects of forced moves induced by demolition-led redevelopment, these outcomes are compared to those of voluntary moves. The evaluation is specifically concerned with dwelling attributes and location characteristics. Dwelling attributes consist of tenure and housing facilities, while commuting distance, distance to the city centre and the length of a child’s trip to school comprise the location characteristics. Logistic regression of data from a 2012–2013 survey shows that a voluntary relocation and the intention to move prior to notification of intended demolition are likely to result in positive outcomes. The migrants’ relocation strategy involves making a trade-off between better dwelling attributes and a better location. When housing improvement is their major concern, they tend to move to peripheral areas. However, it seems that children’s educational opportunities are being factored into the trade-off. In that case, migrants purchase an apartment in a specific school district or at least move closer to it. For the sake of their children, they relegate other motives to second place.     

Neighbourhood Restructuring and Residential Relocation: Towards a Balanced Perspective on Relocation Processes and Outcomes

This introductory paper to this special issue of Housing Studies questions whether various characteristics of the debate and research on gentrification, displacement and restructuring justify a largely negative perspective on the processes and outcomes of ‘forced’ residential relocation. We argue that a proper and fuller consideration of issues around policy, context, process and outcomes enable researchers and commentators to avoid ready characterisations and self-fulfilling investigations of restructuring which serve to present it as a singular (and somewhat suspicious or conspiratorial) phenomenon. For this purpose, we present a broad conceptual framework for restructuring and relocation studies, based on these four themes. Subsequently, we review major issues in restructuring and gentrification discourses, and briefly reflect upon some of the factors underlying the negative loading of the term displacement. We also identify caveats in the evidence base of relocation studies, both in the United States and in Europe. Finally, we introduce the papers in this special issue. The overall aim of this issue is to offer a more open, balanced starting position for analysis of urban restructuring processes and relocation outcomes, particularly in relation to areas of social housing.     

建筑物滑动迁移中托架的优化分析

为探究建筑物滑动迁移方式中合理的托架设计形式,采用ANSYS软件对某框架结构建筑物建模,对比分析了8种不同形式的托架对迁移建筑物变形及受力的影响,同时优化了托架斜撑的截面尺寸,进而给出了一种较为合理的托架结构。结果表明:托架6具有变形小、受力状态良好、结构简单的特点,推荐作为优先采用形式;在合理形变量范围和安全强度内,托架斜撑截面尺寸大小可减小为原来的50%,且变形与受力状态良好。