以阴离子表面活性剂为模板的二氧化硅介孔材料(AMS)

以阴离子表面活性剂为模板剂的二氧化硅介孔材料(AMS)是通过引入带胺基或季铵盐的碱性硅烷助结构导向剂(CSDA)来合成的.笔者采用该合成路线合成出了各种不同的介观结构(AMS-1～10),包括三维六方、四方、立方、二维六方、双连续立方以及层状相等.另外,采用手性阴离子表面活性剂作为模板剂首次合成出具有二维六方晶系结构排列、不同曲率、有序螺旋状孔道绕着六角柱的中心旋转的氧化硅介孔材料.在最近的研究工作中发现,这种螺旋的孔道及形貌可以通过合成过程中的搅拌速率来控制.通过萃取,可以得到氨基或季铵盐表面修饰的具有不同结构的介孔材料.最后,根据动力学和热力学理论论述了AMS介孔材料的合成机理.

ANIONIC SURFACTANT TEMPLATED MESOPOROUS SILICA(AMS)

Anionic surfactant templated mesoporous silicas (AMSs) were prepared by using anionic surfactant as the template and aminopropylsiloxane or quaternized aminopropylsiloxane as the co-structure directing agent (CSDA).Diverse mesophases were discovered, from AMS-1 to 10, including the structures of three dimensional (3d-)hexagonal, 3d-tetragonal, 3d-cubic, 2d-hexagonal, bicontinuous cubic and lamellar. This novel route to prepare mesoporous materials also leads to the formation of chiral mesoporous silica with helical mesopores running inside,by using chiral anionic surfactant as the template, and the helicity and morphology can be simply controlled by the stirring rate during the synthesis. Mesoporous silicas, functionalized with amino and quaternary ammonium groups and with the various structures given above were obtained by extraction of surfactant. Finally, the formation mechanism of AMS was discussed from the view of the kinetics and energetics, respectively.