混凝土坝的数字监控

文中提出一个新的理念:混凝土坝的数字监控.目前大坝监控依靠仪器,仪器观测资料对于监控大坝工作状态是重要的,但它们不能给出大坝的应力场和安全系数,因此,笔者建议在仪器监控之外,增加数字监控,利用全坝全过程仿真分析,在施工期即可给出当时温度场和应力场,并可预报运行期的温度场、应力场及安全系数,如发现问题可及时采取对策;在运行期可以充分反映施工中各项因素的影响,对大坝作出比较符合实际的安全评估.通过反分析,仪器观测资料在数字监控中也得到利用.在数字监控的基础上,适当扩充,可以建立数字大坝,有利于大坝的管理.在目前条件下,利用一台微机每周上机一次,即可完成全部计算,运用方便,所费不多,收效显著.

Numerical monitoring of concrete dams

At present the concrete dams are monitored by instruments. The results of instrumental observations are important for the monitoring of concrete dams but they can not give the stress field and coefficient of safety of the darn. Besides the instrumental monitoring, it is suggested to conduct the numerical monitoring of concrete dams. The whole dam and whole course 3D finite element simulation computations are carried out from the starting of construction to the operation period of the dam. At the time of construction, the temperature field and stress field of the dam are given at any time and the stress fled of the dam at the operation period may be forecasted. If there is any problem measures may be taken to avoid any accident. The results of instrumental observations are utilized by back analysis. In the operation period, the numerical monitoring can give the stress field and coefficient of safety of the dam in which the influences of all the facters in the construction and operation period are considered.