Laser applications in dermatology

Over the past decades continuous wave laser systems have been used in dermatology for the photocoagulation and vaporization of vascular neoformations and malformations and to remove epithelial lesions. However, their mainly thermal effect can have negative impact on wound healing and scar formation due to thermal damage of adjacent tissue. More recent laser systems now permit more selective and more restrictive destruction of pathological tissue. They include pulsed and Q-switched lasers matched to the absorption characteristics of the target structures, which permit skin ablation and selective photothermolosysis of pigmented or vascular lesions. These technical innovations have expanded the therapeutic spectrum in dermatology and improved the quality of the results achieved. Nevertheless, these systems should be used only for carefully selected indications, in particular when corrective-aesthetic considerations are of importance. Furthermore, prior to treatment, it is mandatory for the dermatologist, to establish the proper diagnosis, especially in the case of pigmented lesions and skin changes of uncertain dignity.