SO_4~(2-)/MxOy型固体超强酸改性研究进展

SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸是一种新兴的绿色催化剂,在有机合成、废水处理等领域有着广泛的应用。简单分析了SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸失活的原因,综述了近年来SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸在载体、促进剂以及贵金属的引入等方面的改性方法。详细介绍了载体中引入纳米材料、稀土元素、其他金属元素、交联剂和分子筛等对催化剂活性和稳定性的影响;综述了用S2O82-,稀土离子,其他离子(Ag+,Ni2+,Al3+,Sn4+等),WO3,MoO3,NO3-等代替SO42-作促进剂,以及引入贵金属Pt和Pd改性方面的研究进展;最后展望了固体超强酸催化剂的发展前景。

Research on Modification of SO42-/MxOy Solid Superacid

SO4^2-/MxOy solid superacid is an emerging green catalyst in the fields of organic synthesis and wastewater treatment. The deactivation mechanism of this catalyst was analyzed. The latest researches of the modification of SO4^2-/MxOy solid superacid were reviewed from the aspects of cartier, accelerants and introducing noble metals. The effects of carrier modification, including introduction of nano-materials, rare earth elements, other metal elements, crosslinking agents, molecular sieves, ere on catalytic activity and stability were summarized. The progress in using S2O8^2-, rare earth ions, other ions （Ag＋, Ni2＋, Al3＋, Sn4＋ etc）, WO3, MOO3, NO3- as accelerants instead of SO4^2- and modification with introducing Pt, Pd were described. The future developments of solid superacid catalysts were introduced.