共聚甲基丙烯酸酯吸附功能纤维制备及其性能表征

在聚合釜中合成了BMA/HEMA二元共聚树脂,利用双螺杆纺丝机、采用冻胶纺丝技术制备了有机液体吸附功能纤维,研究了纤维对有机液体的吸附性能,运用变形后的Langmuir吸附等温式对吸附过程进行了拟合处理,建立了相应的吸附动力学模型,并对纤维的选择吸附性能进行了研究,同时对纤维的溶解行为进行了表征.结果表明,HEMA引入主链后,纤维具有吸附有机液体甲苯、三氯乙烯的性能,但不能吸附水;HEMA质量分数较高时,可用变形后的Langmuir吸附等温式预测该种纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的吸附动力学过程;纤维吸附甲苯的速率较快,6h内即可达到平衡状态,而吸附三氯乙烯的速率较慢,12h内才可达到平衡状态;在选择吸附过程中,甲苯浓度呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势,而吸附量和吸附效率却呈现相反的变化趋势;HEMA质量分数影响纤维交联结构的完善程度, HEMA质量分数达到15%(质量分数)时,纤维交联结构趋于完善,不溶部分增多,吸附能力大大增强.

Preparation and properties characterization of absorptive functional fiber copolymerized by methacrylates

BMA/HEMA copolymer was synthesized in polymerization kettle, and functional fiber absorbing organic liquid was prepared by gelation-spinning in twin screw spinning machine. Absorptive property was investigated in organic matter, and absorptive process was fitted by Langmuir formula of isothermal absorption after proper deformation to construct corresponding model about absorptive kinetics, and then selective absorption was studied in mixed system composed of toluene and water, finally solvable behavior was characterized. The results showed that functional fiber could absorb toluene and trichloroethylene after introducing HEMA in main chain of macromolecules, but could not absorb water. Langmuir formula of isothermal absorption could be used to predict the process of absorptive kinetics for toluene and trichloroethylene after proper deformation when mass fraction of HEMA was higher. Absorptive rate for toluene was quicker than that for trichloroethylene, equilibrium state could be reached during 6h for toluene, but equilibrium state could be reached within 12h for trichloroethylene. Concentration of toluene first decreased then increased, but toluene absorbency and absorptive efficiency first increased then decreased in the process of selective absorption. Mass fraction of HEMA could influence crosslinking structure, so absorptive capability was improved greatly due to perfect crosslinking structure and increase of unsolvable part when mass fraction of HEMA was equal to 15wt%.