基于RELAP5与MELCOR联合分析方法的压水堆严重事故研究

针对严重事故的模拟研究,本文提出结合热工水力系统程序和严重事故一体化程序的分析方法,以典型三环路传统压水堆为对象,分别采用RELAP5和MELCOR程序建立模型,分析在全厂断电叠加汽动辅助给水泵失效事故下系统的瞬态响应。为了尽可能地利用RELAP5计算早期热工水力响应,同时保证严重事故计算结果的准确性,以MELCOR锆合金氧化模型开始工作温度的下限,即包壳温度达到1 100 K作为程序衔接准则并利用RELAP5的大编辑功能,提取所需计算结果导入MELCOR输入卡作为初始参数继续模拟。计算结果表明,数据连接过程整体保持了连续性,两种方法计算得出的主冷却剂系统压力、堆芯和稳压器水位、燃料包壳温度等参数的数值以及堆芯传热恶化和压力容器失效等现象的时序存在不同程度的差异,例如堆芯熔毁时间延后了约538 s。由于采用了RELAP5计算严重事故前的系统暂态响应,联合分析方法的计算结果比单独使用MELCOR分析的结果更加准确,该方法可以提高传统严重事故分析的可靠性。

Study on severe accident for traditional PWR based on RELAP5 and MELCOR combined analysis method

A combined analysis method utilizing thermal-hydraulic system code RELAP5 and severe accident integral code MELCOR is developed to study the transient response of a traditional three-loop PWR under the severe accident TMLB’scenario. In order to utilize RELAP5 to the maximum degree and guarantee the accuracy of system response before entering into severe accident situation,the minimum cutoff temperature for zircaloy oxidation model of MELCOR,default value of 1 100 K,is used as the criterion to switch RELAP5 transient calculation to MELCOR severe accident analysis. Required data to initiate MELCOR will be extracted through the major edit of RELAP5 output. The results show that the data transferring process is relatively continuous. As observed in combined calculation,differences to varying degree are concluded comparing the parameters of primary system pressure,core/pressurizer collapsed water level and fuel/cladding temperature calculated by two methods,as well as the timing of core heat transfer degradation and vessel failure. Since system transient responses were calculated by RELAP5 before entering into severe accident,the results from combined calculation are more accurate than the calculation based on MELCOR alone. Consequently,this combined calculation can improve the accuracy and reliability of the severe accident simulation.