Efficient hybrid watermarking schemes for robust and secure 3D‐MVC communication

Digital watermarking is a promising and efficient methodology for protecting the copyright of the transmitted multimedia data. Three‐dimensional videos (3DVs) are transmitted and stored in the form of compressed information. Thus, there is a great need for compressed 3DV watermarking. This paper presents 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes for securing the 3DV transmission. The first watermarking scheme is the homomorphic transform–based singular value decomposition in discrete wavelet transform domain. The second scheme is the 3‐level discrete stationary wavelet transform in discrete cosine transform domain. The objective of the 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes is to increase the immunity of the watermarked 3DV to attacks and achieve adequate perceptual quality. The performances of the 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes are compared with those of the state‐of‐the‐art watermarking schemes. The comparisons depend on both of the subjective visual results and the objective results; the peak signal‐to‐noise ratios of the watermarked frames and the normalized correlation of the extracted watermark frames. Extensive simulation results on standard 3DV sequences have been conducted in the presence of attacks. The obtained results confirm that the 2 suggested hybrid watermarking schemes are robust in the presence of attacks. They achieve not only very good perceptual quality with appreciated peak signal‐to‐noise ratio values but also high correlation coefficient values in the presence of attacks.